Optical Metrology Third Edition O/oYaAlFF@ }#5roNH~Z Kjell J. G˚asvik
i!x5T%x_ Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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B-'BJ|*4I 6D"`FPC Preface to the Third Edition xi
}A/&]1GWk 1Basics 1
T JS1,3< 1.1 Introduction 1
[Vp2!" 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
bI6wE'h 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
e7qMt[. 1.4 Phase Difference 4
\'t z| 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
]f-'A>MC 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
]V^.!=gh$ 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
Prz +kPP 1.8 The Intensity 8
f?^Oy!1] 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
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B\Pa 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
6@;L$QYY-V 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
QYw4kD} 2 Gaussian Optics 15
yPG\ &Bo 2.1 Introduction 15
LY :?OGh 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
T-2p`b}h W 2.2.1 Examples 19
T xxB0 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
j{Jc6U 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
ieRBD6_ 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
ss@}Dt^ 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
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s1 ^mk] 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
exEld 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
V3~a!k 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
Y1aF._Z 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
$o $Ev@mi 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
Q[ Sd 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
I+ j|'=M 3 Interference 37
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G[<[#$( 3.2 General Description 37
!^bB/e 3.3 Coherence 38
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'{<c3& 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
t,1! `/\ 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
S ]%U] 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
eTRx 6Fri( 3.6 Interferometry 49
LO} :Ub 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
5OW8G][ 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
.Jat^iFj0 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
hB$Y4~T % 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
~muIi #4 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
c]!D`FA*K 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
X)iWb(@k"7 4 Diffraction 67
+s(I Qt 4.1 Introduction 67
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Re,$<9V 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
ZR-s{2sl 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
{F6dSF` 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
U> _\ 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
CNRU"I+jU 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
"kBqY+:Cn 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
B XK::M+ 4.6 Physical Optics Description
) 4L%zl 7 of Image Formation 81
fov=Yd! 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
kGuk
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9<(K6Q 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
a[74 %L? 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
ZOr Tbik 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
ci_v7Jnw o 5.1 Introduction 99
e=n{f*KG` 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
Y:"v=E hB 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
|` Oa/\ U 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
T:g4D z*2\ 5.2.3 Examples 105
w^'?4M! 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
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[N95 .a D 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
!G"9xrr1 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
aa0`y 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
h\u0{!@} 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
,y8I)+ 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
dp[w?AMhM9 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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