Optical Metrology Third Edition -T+YMAFU_ {@Lun6\ Kjell J. G˚asvik
!Usmm8!K Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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dAG@'A\f a++gwl Preface to the Third Edition xi
n>JJ Xw,, 1Basics 1
%Jl6e}! 1.1 Introduction 1
4Kj 8 i 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
B7C<;`5TiD 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
@+~URIG) 1.4 Phase Difference 4
H{E(=S 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
^0_ > 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
!4^Lv{1QZ 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
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, 1.8 The Intensity 8
s +S6'g-- 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
8}[<3K%*g 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
Da! fwth 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
~^Al#@ 2 Gaussian Optics 15
-|#/KKF 2.1 Introduction 15
\s8h.xjU 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
kQ\l7 xd 2.2.1 Examples 19
cJm}, 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
B;Z _'.i,d 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
Q!-"5P X 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
e"EGq n&! 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
_ {if" 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
-k>k<bDAI 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
4Z{R36 { 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
Pj56,qd >s 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
x Zq, kP^ 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
&> .QDO 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
c;29GHs2 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
yhK9rcJq6} 3 Interference 37
Y -BZV | 3.1 Introduction 37
o^ uh3,. 3.2 General Description 37
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- {?xl*D 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
Wvd-be 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
" E5=AW d 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
k=Wt57jt 3.6 Interferometry 49
, { "K^ 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
Lo[;{A$ u 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
@!x7jPr 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
YuoErP=P 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
e7Gb7c~ 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
3M^`6W[; 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
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| Cfo(]>G 4.1 Introduction 67
^LSD_R^N 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
\F f]}4 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
(Ze\<Y #cv 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
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x}n+~ 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
REX/:sB < 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
a(JtGjTf& 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
j t @2S 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
x )q$.u+ 4.6 Physical Optics Description
2gvS`+<TP of Image Formation 81
=AHV{V~ 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
Ra~:O\Z 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
(a,` Y. 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
V z5 <Gr 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
Z
+<Y.*6 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
]YD qmIW 5.1 Introduction 99
@6U& 7! 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
Frhm4H%,_R 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
z%6egi> 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
eEmLl(Lb 5.2.3 Examples 105
zb9vUxN [ 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
1Ji"z>H* 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
<PO-S\N 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
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eLyIQo W 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
9FT= => 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
;ov}%t>UD 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
x||b :2 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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