Optical Metrology Third Edition !_P-?u f,(@K% Kjell J. G˚asvik
S %B m4jY Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
n1Z*wMwC 
R9q9cB i3 Dug{)h_2 Preface to the Third Edition xi
O$*\ JL 1Basics 1
Z@ dS,M* 1.1 Introduction 1
n/ CP2 A 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
kJ_XG;8 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
}i F|NI V 1.4 Phase Difference 4
BD_"w]bqD 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
(~Hwq:= . 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
77/j}Pxh 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
IM (=j 1.8 The Intensity 8
4qKMnY R 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
qmF+@R&^i 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
.
g8WMm 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
6j6P&[ 2 Gaussian Optics 15
!h.bD/? K 2.1 Introduction 15
. 4%6_ `E 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
Aq*,cOF+ 2.2.1 Examples 19
:c3'U _H^ 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
( L
8V)1N 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
D> 6vI 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
":vF[6K6 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
C'&t@@: 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
'{F
Od_uk% 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
}n t,DG!r 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
f1wwx|b%. 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
6xW17P 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
XJguw/[wm 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
m^%Xl@V:c- 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
R-]i BL 3 Interference 37
52v@zDY 3.1 Introduction 37
=| O ><O| 3.2 General Description 37
{^N 90,! 3.3 Coherence 38
omZ
b n 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
}Zp5d7(@w 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
V5up/ 6b,1 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
3IYbgUG 3.6 Interferometry 49
2O+fjs 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
"*oN~&flc 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
x)prI6YMv\ 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
|W;EPQ+ < 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
ibxtrt= 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
Z*kZUx7I< 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
?t"bF :! 4 Diffraction 67
N,?D<NjXl 4.1 Introduction 67
_Z3_I_lW 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
Mb\[` 4z 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
uTIl} N 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
{3kI~s 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
A,f%0
eQR 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
Yvxp( 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
1+NmiGKg 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
fu d Lm 4.6 Physical Optics Description
V1>>]] PS of Image Formation 81
j.vBld 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
xyaU! E* 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
}c;h:CE# 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
*+>R^\uT 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
]qNPOnlp 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
P(XNtQ= K 5.1 Introduction 99
>a5 avSn 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
c69M
5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
i' NN 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
cwK OE?! 5.2.3 Examples 105
% {K6 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
Wg C*bp{ 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
# ^ ;^_ 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
hXM2B2[ 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
b cy(
?( 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
&`A2&mZ 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
4j
h4 XdH 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
^"\., Y 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
E a2&7 .
(!&g (l; .
) bPF@'rF2 .
