Optical Metrology Third Edition @gQ{*dN PD12gUU? Kjell J. G˚asvik
q4<3 O"c1 Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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_h!OGLec NH$a :> Preface to the Third Edition xi
NyI0 []z 1Basics 1
yHl1:cf(y 1.1 Introduction 1
@ 9D, f 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
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5c 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
Y"~I(,nx! 1.4 Phase Difference 4
R+FBCVU&TJ 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
;1 &%Wj"d 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
=vMFCp;mv 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
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)m$\2 1.8 The Intensity 8
n5A0E 2! 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
mOr>*uR 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
k D S 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
hm >JBc:n- 2 Gaussian Optics 15
('pNAn!] 2.1 Introduction 15
C3Q[L}X\ 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
`m e2 Q 2.2.1 Examples 19
F6R+E;"4R' 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
Vm 6G5QwM 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
Tw"u{%t 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
$-m@cObw!. 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
>4`(" # 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
b;# 3X) 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
bsy\L|wd 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
[ ps5; 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
]7n+|@3x 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
, j^ /~ 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
a}ogNx 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
2Jl6Xc8 3 Interference 37
s~$ZTzV 3.1 Introduction 37
nIJ2*QJ 3.2 General Description 37
*,X;4?:, 3.3 Coherence 38
\ni?_F(Y 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
!`L% wS 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
.)o<'u@Ri 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
ED&>~~k) 3.6 Interferometry 49
*n dXZ64 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
S/ )P&V% 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
Hj't.lg+j 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
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3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
)WavG1 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
;rYL\`6L 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
/"?yB$s 4 Diffraction 67
}.ZX.qYX 4.1 Introduction 67
#qY`xH'> 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
?U.+S Q 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
hAtf) 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
9HrT>{@ 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
FIhq>L.q4 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
HpY-7QTPJ~ 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
S[(Tpk2_ 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
U;u@\E@2 4.6 Physical Optics Description
UZ7Zz c#g of Image Formation 81
Jt5 \ 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
@dei} !e 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
m/uBM6SXx 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
NovF?kh2 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
,Bax0p 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
=aZgq99 5.1 Introduction 99
LdnH z# 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
_ K["qm{X_ 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
H <41H;m 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
vFm8 T58 7 5.2.3 Examples 105
=vJ:R[Ilw 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
Hc ^q_{}" 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
!m8MyZ}% 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
OP 0KK^# 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
y "6;O 0 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
{7swE(N 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
Qc1NLU9: 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
ChzKwYDY 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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