Optical Metrology Third Edition S1_RjMbYM 1+s;FJ2} Kjell J. G˚asvik
8A# ;WG Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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!Vk^TFt` hgq;`_;1, Preface to the Third Edition xi
>[#f\bG> 1Basics 1
fJg+ Ryo 1.1 Introduction 1
2+XA X: YD 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
ygcm|PrS 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
]f_p 8?j" 1.4 Phase Difference 4
2>%=U~5 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
o]V^};B 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
W=?<<dVYD 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
a7opC mL 1.8 The Intensity 8
B+`g> h 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
'g\4O3&_ 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
_[BP 0\dPW 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
J&_n9$ 2 Gaussian Optics 15
9(Xn>G'iT 2.1 Introduction 15
He@KV = 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
>t+P (*u 2.2.1 Examples 19
(bS&D/N. 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
0y\Z9+G: 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
:3 mh@[V 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
OyIw>Wfv 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
SpBy3wd 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
LS[]=Mk@1 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
$??I/6 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
6 u6 x 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
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5 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
.xkM.g4{~ 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
8ao _i =&x 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
#'}*dy/ 3 Interference 37
| -H& o] 3.1 Introduction 37
DY*N|OnqJ 3.2 General Description 37
]?4hyN 3.3 Coherence 38
(9)Q ' 'S 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
6S #Cl>v 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
p#tI;"\y 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
"dlV k~ 3.6 Interferometry 49
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3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
r JB}q YD 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
#-J>NWdt 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
xIn:Z KJ' 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
5)40/cBe 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
pj(,Zd[47 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
`]aeI'[}R 4 Diffraction 67
( @YG~ 0 4.1 Introduction 67
-?a 26o%e 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
&^nGtW%a 9 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
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4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
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O/LXdz0B 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
G~m<; 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
ssL\g`xe 4.6 Physical Optics Description
: D p0? &_ of Image Formation 81
Bbc^FHip 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
wIgS3K 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
lhJ'bYI 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
unxqkU/<Z 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
X>^fEQq" 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
PvL[e"p 5.1 Introduction 99
a'T;x`b8U, 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
4M T 7 `sr 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
i#O SC5ZI 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
XPPdwTO r 5.2.3 Examples 105
gG uO 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
.\mj4*?/ 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
EM_d8o)`B 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
p7 ~!z.)o 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
k: %%/ 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
Q{/Ef[(a@ 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
(m$Y<{)2 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
?]5qr? W % 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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