Optical Metrology Third Edition yd'cLZd<} mo=@Zt Kjell J. G˚asvik
,?Vxcr Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
;05lwP*r]
,I+O;B:0 T nyLVIP Preface to the Third Edition xi
@{Fa=".Ch 1Basics 1
S;2UcSsQl 1.1 Introduction 1
a9_2b}t 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
M195[] 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
t\!5$P 1.4 Phase Difference 4
kkj@!1q(wO 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
R$MR| 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
{!{T,_ J 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
QfM^J5j.M? 1.8 The Intensity 8
W?.xtQEv 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
eecIF0hp 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
;ByCtVm2 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
?qn4ea-\P 2 Gaussian Optics 15
e%{7CR'~TD 2.1 Introduction 15
P9Eh,j0_ 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
S"87 <o 2.2.1 Examples 19
;i+(Q%LO 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
:J )^gc 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
t*6C?zEAU 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
0tMzVxS 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
4"{g{8 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
$U. 2" 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
S_VzmCi 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
7ruWmy;j 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
60f%J1u 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
M$f_I + 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
I>-}ys`[ 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
|BGzdBm^x: 3 Interference 37
`$3P@SO" 3.1 Introduction 37
AP=SCq; 3.2 General Description 37
\S~<C[P 3.3 Coherence 38
&qa16bz 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
&;GoCU Le 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
y4!fu<[i 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
Y!|}; 3.6 Interferometry 49
/\1Q
:B3W 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
uHDUuK:Ur 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
)coA30YR 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
S%7bM~J@ 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
v yP_qG 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
4L,&a+) 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
F1`mq2^@ 4 Diffraction 67
=aehhs> 4.1 Introduction 67
PM {L}tEQ 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
_qQo}|/q 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
=3,Sjme 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
u9+)jN<Yh 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
)S_%Ip 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
R/^;,. 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
J=n^&y 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
T16B2|C"Y 4.6 Physical Optics Description
-**fT?n of Image Formation 81
T(~^X-k 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
6b!1j,\Vx 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
,-Lv3 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
i l%9j 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
EkN>5). 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
?/p."N:]H 5.1 Introduction 99
F#efs6{ 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
qEjsAL 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
#P1;*m 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
(fO~nN{F 5.2.3 Examples 105
%';DBozZ 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
s: MJ{r(s 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
_'s5FlZq 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
+6Vu]96=KC 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
IRI<no 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
8EI&}I 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
z&[[4[ 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
q0\$wI 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
Gv\fF;,R .
]6HnK% .
2Xfy?U .