Optical Metrology Third Edition <=Qk^Y2k )Yml'?V" Kjell J. G˚asvik
'Nh^SbD+_| Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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)T?ryp 3ev /V&Y@j Preface to the Third Edition xi
H ;2pk 1Basics 1
AM>:At Y 1.1 Introduction 1
g5)VV" 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
PBmt.yF 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
mX8 9^ 1.4 Phase Difference 4
`c(@WK4 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
(P ?9Jct 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
cO:x{~ 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
^ ;a[v^&9 1.8 The Intensity 8
q`P:PRgM 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
4tI~d8?pk+ 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
[ C$ 0HW 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
,P}c92; 2 Gaussian Optics 15
s >5 Z 2.1 Introduction 15
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RQN+% 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
|NI0zd 2.2.1 Examples 19
S~T[*Z/m 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
l _:%?4MA 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
{8' 5 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
fOVRtSls 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
iQKfx#kt 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
nV ,a|V5Xm 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
SZ_hG D 0 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
< $ 5\^y,V 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
DcOLK\ 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
D )Zv 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
\4ZQop 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
.eE5pyw+C 3 Interference 37
+ '`RJ,K+[ 3.1 Introduction 37
Nx 99dr 3.2 General Description 37
1 !sYd@iD@ 3.3 Coherence 38
M0 |z^2 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
"jSn` 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
y.zW >Mfl 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
&b_duWs 3.6 Interferometry 49
x RfX:3 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
rZLMY M 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
!Ej<J&e 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
mU!c;O 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
>(3 y(1; 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
e*tOXXY1 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
m*1=-" P 4 Diffraction 67
VD 4( 4.1 Introduction 67
]?^mb n 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
?g 3sv5\u 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
ZR1EtvVG 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
a a|xZ 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
#r\uh\Cy 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
8W{ R&Z7aL 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
E:2Or~ 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
v"`w'+ 4.6 Physical Optics Description
n'SnqJ&} of Image Formation 81
s^cHR1^ 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
{'/8{d S 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
+:b| I'S 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
zQ6otDZx 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
m 9r
X 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
k{; 2*6b0 5.1 Introduction 99
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74}H8q_z 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
dP82bk/e 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
B{44|aq1 | 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
#(OL! B 5.2.3 Examples 105
]c08` 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
bFcI\Q{4 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
;X8eZQ 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
*cf#:5Nl 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
`,J\E<4J 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
SJ<nAX 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
?P a5skqR 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
2vynz,^ET 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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