Optical Metrology Third Edition |&WYu,QQ4 qtZzJ>Y Kjell J. G˚asvik
J9 NuqV3 Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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`^8mGR>OpI w2'z~\dG8 Preface to the Third Edition xi
WK*tXc_[b 1Basics 1
hkb\ GcOj 1.1 Introduction 1
v}t{* P 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
F3!@|/<w 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
dS 4/spNq 1.4 Phase Difference 4
k}< H 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
P8dMfD*"E 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
zFO 0l). 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
yY UAH- 1.8 The Intensity 8
-th.(eAx 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
I$+=Fb'N0 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
)#\3c,<Y 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
$=E4pb4 Y 2 Gaussian Optics 15
p2b~k[ 2.1 Introduction 15
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wAi7jCY%OY 2.2.1 Examples 19
R||$Rfe 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
Wq}6RdY$ZA 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
v D9.X}l] 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
!L9|iC:8 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
[olSgq!3 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
p.(+L^-= 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
}E(w@& 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
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2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
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bV(BwWm 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
D Q= { 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
3)=ix. wW 3 Interference 37
O_2o/ 3.1 Introduction 37
v
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Z D" *fr 3.3 Coherence 38
lbovwj 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
:/][ n9J^ 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
x@oxIXN 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
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V!]|u ^4I 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
6 A]a@,PC 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
Sb 2_&5 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
O zC%6;6h 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
4|\M`T 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
N6_1iIM 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
X.#9[3U+ 4 Diffraction 67
CfrO1i F 4.1 Introduction 67
R'B_YKHBY 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
0k\,z(e 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
CL5^>. } 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
Gb[J3:. 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
FYC] ^ D 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
=<9Mv+Ry8 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
7vPG b :y 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
NF |[j=? 4.6 Physical Optics Description
%|JL=E}%| of Image Formation 81
7],y(:[=v 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
e&ZT RgYdi 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
jc:=Pe!E 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
A-myY30 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
kl1 Q : 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
n'pJl 5.1 Introduction 99
_[&.`jTFn 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
>HwVP.~HN 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
S nm v 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
pg,JY n 5.2.3 Examples 105
H[pvC=O= 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
Xs$a^zZ 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
@m`H~]AU 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
qycf;Kl:6 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
w-km
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FR' Nzi $ 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
UHfE.mTjM 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
Fpn'0&~-fi 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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