Optical Metrology Third Edition zo4qG+>o Gz,i~XX Kjell J. G˚asvik
.K1FKC$C Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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EK6:~ Preface to the Third Edition xi
7/I, HxXp! 1Basics 1
Ab{ K<:l 1.1 Introduction 1
6WXRP;!Q 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
W*Zkc:{eB 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
fSK]|"c 1.4 Phase Difference 4
1_PoqD!q 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
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1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
-zOdU}91Ao 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
tX_R_]v 3 1.8 The Intensity 8
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Zu1 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
C~2F9Pg 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
%4et&zRC 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
TaKLzd2 2 Gaussian Optics 15
ON=@ O 2.1 Introduction 15
,|y: " s 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
hI]Hp3S 2.2.1 Examples 19
^o3"#r{:+ 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
_(%d( E2? 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
[ 9 {*94M 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
e:fy#,HEj{ 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
8m2Tk\;: 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
$q6BP'7 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
l? Udn0F 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
! h"Kq>9 T 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
vQosPS_2L 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
O#:$^#j& 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
dP# |$1 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
?pr9f5 3 Interference 37
"c3Grfoz 3.1 Introduction 37
& ?h#Z! 3.2 General Description 37
+T|JK7 3.3 Coherence 38
1"zDin!A 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
`eE& 5. 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
k;K)xb[w | 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
_ "?.! 3.6 Interferometry 49
.A R#&mL9 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
.`HYA*8_ 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
6h|q'.Y 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
tN O-e|~' 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
+o\:d1y 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
>zw.GwN | 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
~HTmO;HNf" 4 Diffraction 67
+c(zo4nZ 4.1 Introduction 67
$@z5kwx:P 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
3.|S 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
?u{~> 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
4" Cb/y3 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
2)G
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kE:nsXI
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JLnH&(O 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
}Ga\wV 4.6 Physical Optics Description
*^g:P^4 of Image Formation 81
n"c )m%yZ 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
Id_2PkIN$~ 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
6V S 4y-N 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
A0o-:n Fu 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
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^ 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
wb]%m1H`: 5.1 Introduction 99
/M|2 62% 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
OBMTgZHxv 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
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J4! 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
kW *f.! 5.2.3 Examples 105
4A8;tU$& 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
~ DBcIy? 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
ruc++@ J@ 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
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@aAW*D~-J 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
nH`Q#ZFz]? 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
fI{E SXU 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
lhYe;b( 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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