Optical Metrology Third Edition |HAbZd7PG U/FysN_N! Kjell J. G˚asvik
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B# Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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p` ~=v4;b )h ,v(Rxa Preface to the Third Edition xi
6b*xhu\ 1Basics 1
&fRz6Hd 1.1 Introduction 1
z81dm 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
i&(1 <S>P 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
wv3*o10_w8 1.4 Phase Difference 4
JCxQENsVqB 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
_G)A$6weU 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
!0p K8k&MG 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
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G?Wr 1.8 The Intensity 8
aF/DFaiYv 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
= ~s+<9c] 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
o(}%b8 K 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
t=eI*M+>h 2 Gaussian Optics 15
Lapeh>1T 2.1 Introduction 15
Sa)sDf1+` 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
fAk fN H6 2.2.1 Examples 19
=XYc2. t 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
~(*tcs]hY 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
OL_#Uu 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
G>?kskm 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
Z=$-S(>J 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
0"j:-1 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
z - 3.%P2g 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
X }G$ON 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
3AE NY @* 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
f>xi (0 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
Ij OBY 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
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o 3 Interference 37
{a \! 1~ 3.1 Introduction 37
y k!K 5 3.2 General Description 37
G8' {nPA~ 3.3 Coherence 38
6? lAbW 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
W4 . w 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
{tOf0W| 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
vr"Pr4z4i 3.6 Interferometry 49
W'Ew!]Q3 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
Y(aUB$" 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
B T}l" 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
#oiU|>3Y 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
Q "NZE 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
Y>C0 5?> 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
^6{op3R_ 4 Diffraction 67
(!b)<V * 4.1 Introduction 67
k8J zey]X 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
zqt%x? l 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
e[Vk+Te7 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
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cjhwJ"`H 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
P9:5kiP H 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
G3y8M |: 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
R<I#.
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O..{ wdZy of Image Formation 81
`, ]ui* 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
+VQD' 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
Y|wjt\M 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
y 4@g w.pt 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
}M(xN6E 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
Is6}VL bB 5.1 Introduction 99
Uu*iL< ` 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
z}==6| { 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
E_'H=QN c 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
f`; w@gR`= 5.2.3 Examples 105
}&L%c> 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
WZHw(BN{+ 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
SAitufS 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
4 7mT 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
:J @3:+sr 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
kf <c[ su 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
s 8's(*] 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
h|P C?@jp 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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