Optical Metrology Third Edition N246RV1W cWSiJr):r Kjell J. G˚asvik
jiMI&cl Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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%:2<'s2Si K%ltB& Preface to the Third Edition xi
, [xDNl[Y| 1Basics 1
"k(Ee 1.1 Introduction 1
/ov&h; 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
w%&lCu@v 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
UUGwXq96i 1.4 Phase Difference 4
't:|>;Wx 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
,c#=qb8"" 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
.olDmFQD 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
4hep1Kz% 1.8 The Intensity 8
&y/ 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
4i>sOP3
B 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
x'OE},>i 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
FOxMt;|M 2 Gaussian Optics 15
L,L>cmpM 2.1 Introduction 15
!fXw X3B 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
)54;YK 2.2.1 Examples 19
#;?j]npg] 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
^fT|Wm< 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
w~A{]s{4 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
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8[\ 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
fGDR<t3yiQ 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
l(Dkmt>^ 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
6vySOVMj 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
(a0q*iC% 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
3VZeUOxY\W 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
z;GR(;w/ 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
;q&6WO 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
7jIye 8Zi8 3 Interference 37
e)kN%JqW 3.1 Introduction 37
,"~#s( 3.2 General Description 37
@0cQ4} 3.3 Coherence 38
4vi P lO 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
[;3` Aw 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
zWYm*c"n\ 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
>6ul\xMU 3.6 Interferometry 49
.'QE o 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
zi7,?bD 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
n4Od4&r 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
c+:LDc3!Gb 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
fG2hCP+ 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
{//;GC* 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
@C]]VE 4 Diffraction 67
I^>m-M. 4.1 Introduction 67
i`-,=RJ 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
#p@8m_g 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
"L'0" 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
VPG+]>* 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
xxWrSl`fB 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
\mRRx#-r% 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
H4[];&]xr 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
#w\Bc\ 4.6 Physical Optics Description
T=6fZ;7 of Image Formation 81
P%`|Tu!B 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
fx&b*OC 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
i7g+8zd8d 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
3n{'}SYyz 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
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5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
*7.EL`8 5.1 Introduction 99
NjT#p8d X 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
"/ G^+u 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
Jj=0{(X 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
&?\'Z~B4 5.2.3 Examples 105
~Q7)6% 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
!vNZ-} 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
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MFGKz O 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
M>H4bU( 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
Sn 3@+9J 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
"Uy==~ 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
}1<_ 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
H"hL+F ^ 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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