Optical Metrology Third Edition }MHCd)78b " QWq_R Kjell J. G˚asvik
^V#@QPK9 Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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K9OYri^TQ KN7n@$8YM Preface to the Third Edition xi
br d mz} 1Basics 1
"87ghj_} 1.1 Introduction 1
?ON-+u 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
, =|ZB4HA 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
-eN\ ! 1.4 Phase Difference 4
z&{5;A}Q@ 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
8[J}CdS 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
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p~9vP)74u 1.8 The Intensity 8
4Rvf 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
C@bm 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
IiZ&Pr 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
a v$/Om : 2 Gaussian Optics 15
?_Q/}@` 2.1 Introduction 15
; uW}`Q< 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
S p^9& ^ 2.2.1 Examples 19
t$A%*J BKm 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
|j VM&R2s 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
}C#;fp" L 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
@ )-$kk* 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
-tyK~aasQ 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
cdG |m[ 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
E5N{j4\F 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
V 2i@.@$j 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
! ykx^z 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
bf!M#QOk? 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
tX"Th'Qi 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
a(v>Q*zNP 3 Interference 37
y !!E\b= 3.1 Introduction 37
S}ECW,K 3.2 General Description 37
#*g5u{k'P 3.3 Coherence 38
5GPo*Q pl 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
Ko/ I#) 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
?zsB6B?; 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
=?s 3iP 3.6 Interferometry 49
aN $}? 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
IrWD%/$H 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
r,Nq7Txn? 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
LbZ:&/t^y8 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
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3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
mK [ 0L 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
Wxbq)Z[V 4 Diffraction 67
& _g TD 4.1 Introduction 67
ZU9c 5/J 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
SY^dWLf 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
Sf,R ^9#| 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
BZXUwqEh 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
jvV9eA:zl 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
%bD}m! 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
}Iz7l{al 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
~2zM kVH 4.6 Physical Optics Description
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#6Y_ of Image Formation 81
DVkB$2] 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
{M?vBg R\B 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
DmBS0NyR7Y 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
zBP> jM(8 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
/2HN>{F^Y 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
yH<$k^0r* 5.1 Introduction 99
3^Q]j^e4Ny 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
C{q : _M; 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
%O<%UmR 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
, E$ @=1) 5.2.3 Examples 105
WMBm6?54 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
@mBX~ ?=Z3 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
wprX!)w<i 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
TcGoSj<Z 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
W( Uu@^ 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
@5[kcU> 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
5&e<#" 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
[F[K^xYTlg 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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