Optical Metrology Third Edition ?}p~8{ ' I|&< !{Rq Kjell J. G˚asvik
aTXmF1_n Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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% ePF)wl;m Preface to the Third Edition xi
t @=*k9 1Basics 1
Xm#rkF[, 1.1 Introduction 1
|7XPu 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
\M$e#^g 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
o _=t9\: 1.4 Phase Difference 4
Wgp}v93 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
n[ |*[II 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
Gs`[\<;LI 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
H{ yUKZH* 1.8 The Intensity 8
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A[A\ 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
'F-; uN 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
XR2Gw 4] 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
ldFK3+V 2 Gaussian Optics 15
<V?csx/eRd 2.1 Introduction 15
lQ5d.}O& 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
K9z 1'k QH 2.2.1 Examples 19
OO$YwOKS 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
V c 2 (R^ 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
]Q8[,HTG 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
"INIP? 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
S=f:-?N| 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
r>o#h+'AV 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
/sU~cn^D5 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
ML:Zm~A1U 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
w ? ;j5[j 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
10gh4,z[ 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
kJP` C\4}f 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
Dt# ( fuk# 3 Interference 37
G+5_I"`W 3.1 Introduction 37
m/E$0tf 3.2 General Description 37
)s-[d_g 3.3 Coherence 38
,>C `| 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
,_wpYTl*X 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
6VU k ZKc 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
Fy6(N{hql 3.6 Interferometry 49
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` 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
4` X]$. 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
PH1jN?OEwZ 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
o&U'zaj 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
":I@>t{H* 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
s@$SM,tnn 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
V7S [rI<<r 4 Diffraction 67
2h;#BJ )) 4.1 Introduction 67
Hoj'zY 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
BE$Wj;Q 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
g6D7Y<} d 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
&m PR[{ 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
6?`3zdOeO 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
k00&+C 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
q2{Aq[ 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
v?@=WG 4.6 Physical Optics Description
F!RzF7h1 of Image Formation 81
oR@emYL 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
0F 5QAR
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SuJa?VU1w 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
y 1I(^<qO= 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
AqZ( )p*z 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
A [hvT\X 5.1 Introduction 99
'pa8h L 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
V\m51H1mqo 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
[G<SAWFg7 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
j>I.d+ 5.2.3 Examples 105
p|`[8uY? 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
Io*mFa? 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
(?vKe 5 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
0l'"idra 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
qK jUp" 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
8mn zxtk 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
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E%&E<<nhZ 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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