Optical Metrology Third Edition ;"T,3JQPn6 :.J]s<J(F Kjell J. G˚asvik
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_ W + k'b'Ay(< Preface to the Third Edition xi
-q6d&D'B+ 1Basics 1
J~=tR1 k 1.1 Introduction 1
16Gp nb 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
9&VfbrBM 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
^PrG5|,s 1.4 Phase Difference 4
Y VT\@+C' 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
p*l]I *x'< 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
0n('F 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
PZB_6!}2[F 1.8 The Intensity 8
uu`G<n 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
lAZ n0EU 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
cE SSSH!m 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
lQ!)0F 2 Gaussian Optics 15
azT@S=, 2.1 Introduction 15
ZBcT@hxm 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
x= jS=3$8 2.2.1 Examples 19
3g''j7 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
6O9?":3; 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
>|| =# ; 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
uL1$yf' 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
eABLBsx 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
i<>zN^zn 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
1,pg7L8H 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
L,PD4H"8 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
$EUlh^ 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
pjaDtNb 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
) HPe}(ypt 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
!W?6,i -] 3 Interference 37
!hS~\+E 3.1 Introduction 37
R3\o LT4 3.2 General Description 37
_ A5. 3.3 Coherence 38
k ntM 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
<-avC/M$d 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
.e|VW) 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
"1X@t'H38 3.6 Interferometry 49
v$_YZm{!< 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
z &@O\>Q 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
hErO.ad1o 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
-Uu65m~:{k 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
Qe,aIh 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
W2 p&LP 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
yWkg4 4 Diffraction 67
Cg 4l*"_ 4.1 Introduction 67
!T3b ]0z 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
//W7$DYEG 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
L28DBj E)A 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
i<ug("/ 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
[<H'JsJl 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
!caY 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
CpG]g>]L&[ 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
<1xs
ya[e 4.6 Physical Optics Description
/Q*o6G ys0 of Image Formation 81
gdKn!; ,w# 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
r'5~4'o$ 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
+#Q\;; FNP 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
b!hs|emo; 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
R3,O;9i 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
.W/#$s|X\ 5.1 Introduction 99
[(65^Zl` 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
Rz\:)<G 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
D Xjw" ^x 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
0%f}w0]: 5.2.3 Examples 105
YB&b_On,f 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
|ME u"pY) 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
gZ b +m 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
Z'F=Xw6;b 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
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g{/tM Y 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
qY^@^) b[ 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
C 7e 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
<!m'xO D 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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