Optical Metrology Third Edition }//8$ Z<( EY=\C$3J: Kjell J. G˚asvik
uMljH@xBc Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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N4[ B:n sASAsGk< Preface to the Third Edition xi
hlY S=cgY= 1Basics 1
g6tWU 1.1 Introduction 1
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mkOb 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
<T4 7kL I 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
/S-/SF:>g 1.4 Phase Difference 4
T +| J19 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
!8H!F j`|j 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
TZvBcNi 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
8+ @1wks 1.8 The Intensity 8
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<iWM= 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
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7zz (# 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
%FXI lH5 2 Gaussian Optics 15
"RR./e)h 2.1 Introduction 15
VyBJIzs0 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
fS8XuT 2.2.1 Examples 19
L~SrI{aYPf 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
$ Sc08ro 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
+ 3~Gc<OO 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
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|]i 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
h;:S e 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
S]#=ES'^/ 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
`SSP53R(0 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
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z[$9B#P 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
8xeun~e"vS 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
.3g \[p 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
uj+.L6S 3 Interference 37
<*b]JY V@ 3.1 Introduction 37
9 >} (]T 3.2 General Description 37
q^T&A[hMPx 3.3 Coherence 38
t6H2t P\AS 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
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3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
*n$m;yI 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
/(WX!EEsB 3.6 Interferometry 49
s\3Z?zm8 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
T{ v < 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
M 25z<Y 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
uV*f[l 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
Xoa <r9 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
4p/V6kr&r 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
}X W#?l 4 Diffraction 67
<wh PM 4.1 Introduction 67
=."WvBKg 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
:BrnRW64 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
d/-]y:`f` 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
Rp4BU"&sU 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
* zJiii 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
>x _:=%Wr+ 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
=>9.@`. 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
b$$L]$q2 4.6 Physical Optics Description
j)lM:vXR of Image Formation 81
Y;I(6` ,Y 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
O }\"$n> 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
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zWR*g/i 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
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MM58w3Mz 5.1 Introduction 99
80l3.z,: 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
H&>>]DD 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
gWU(uBS 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
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v,ae7$U& 5.2.3 Examples 105
-fZShOBY` 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
/v5g;x_T 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
y0mg}N1 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
R;,u >P " 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
%onAlf<$:^ 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
]qP}\+: 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
/\Y%DpG$ 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
kod_ 1LD 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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