Optical Metrology Third Edition }`<&l u7hu8U= Kjell J. G˚asvik
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Tt)z[^)% "Bf8mEmp Preface to the Third Edition xi
&/WM:]^?0) 1Basics 1
mEd2f^R 1.1 Introduction 1
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o 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
(V6bX]< 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
zx}+Q B0 1.4 Phase Difference 4
5;0w({1l 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
~k?rP}>0 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
<C'_:&M 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
.u7}p# 1.8 The Intensity 8
bLai@mL&a 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
?/3wO/7[ 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
V)<>W_g 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
"frZ%mv 2 Gaussian Optics 15
FFcCoPX_ 2.1 Introduction 15
'2r 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
1WMZ$vsQUb 2.2.1 Examples 19
;b0Q%TDh 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
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2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
7<^+)DsS? 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
N ^rpPq 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
7_1 Iadb 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
:.*Q@X}-I 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
M#'7hm6 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
3k)xzv%r` 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
g9pKoi|\E 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
I_ZJnu< 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
&}p\&4 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
h.vy SwF"j 3 Interference 37
_VT{2`|}) 3.1 Introduction 37
J -z. 3.2 General Description 37
%1A8m-u]M 3.3 Coherence 38
7p.8{zQ* 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
Z?o0Q\}1 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
Qf=^CQ=lV 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
yQrgOdo,w 3.6 Interferometry 49
Z2]0brV 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
FFw(`[A_ 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
.:j{d}p} 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
XS&Pc 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
8UjIC4' 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
w PR Ns9^ 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
\XB,)XDB 4 Diffraction 67
X
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yf:0u_&] 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
YdCl 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
LG,? ,%_s 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
Sn-#Y(>]o0 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
"QOQ 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
gV@xu)l 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
$JOz7j( 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
>k"O3Pc@ 4.6 Physical Optics Description
`?$-T5Rr of Image Formation 81
}6[jJ`=gOx 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
|^ 8ND#x 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
2@a'n@- 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
)isS^O$qH 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
HAO-|=c4 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
GhfhR^P 5.1 Introduction 99
B@-\.m 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
tQzbYzGb7 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
Gk5'|s 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
hD5@PeLh 5.2.3 Examples 105
K;"H$0!9 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
']2Vf]dB 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
X]}ai5 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
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5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
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3|5n 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
ph6/+[: 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
=~O3j:<6 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
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5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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