Optical Metrology Third Edition @s8wYcW B]wfDUG Kjell J. G˚asvik
6e4A| < Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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/ULO#CN?; _qU ;`Q Preface to the Third Edition xi
wY{!gQ 1Basics 1
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-,VJCPi 1.1 Introduction 1
iXD=_^^o . 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
>d<tcaB 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
TLT6z[ 1.4 Phase Difference 4
!+ Zso& 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
U!i @XA%P 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
sHm :G_ 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
P%y$e 0 1.8 The Intensity 8
o!sHK9hvJ) 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
JTdcL mL 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
f,:2\b?. 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
2|D<0d#W 2 Gaussian Optics 15
sZ%wQqy~k 2.1 Introduction 15
2^ kK2D$o 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
G&@vTcF 2.2.1 Examples 19
^)S<Ha 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
(Z#j^}G_l 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
CQI\/oaO 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
jFG Y`9Zw0 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
0khAi|PY 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
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KDu~,P] 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
)( W%Hmi 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
pL`)^BJ 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
gM_MK8py 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
0*50uK=5 2.10.3 The Microscope 34
yPT\9 "/ 3 Interference 37
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YnW,6U['{g 3.3 Coherence 38
(&xIB F_6 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
.y2n p 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
BBHoD:l 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
C)|#z/" 3.6 Interferometry 49
,Laz515 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
;-d2~1$ 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
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LhQidvCNJ 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
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EQ2HQz ] 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
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T74 ."Lo# 4.1 Introduction 67
c Pg$* ,] 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
M< cm] 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
0JX/@LNg0 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
V< 0 J j 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
U'Fc\M5l/l 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
z[*Y%o8-r 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
mcLxX'c6<h 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
W kSv@Y, 4.6 Physical Optics Description
[K#pU:lTH of Image Formation 81
U_1N*XK6$ 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
3?-2~s3gp 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
* Fz#x{zt 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
a 8.Xy])! 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
%tZ[wwt 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
( Y)a`[B 5.1 Introduction 99
2hF j+Ay 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
y];@ M<<?e 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
66MWO rr 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
q\T}jF\t 5.2.3 Examples 105
p5 )+R/ 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
w$FN(BfA 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
axLO: Q, 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
]R6Z(^XT,E 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
ky0,#ZOF 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
* kKd L 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
Zm#qW2a]P 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
Mp)|5<% 5.4.6 Other Lasers 119
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