Optical Metrology Third Edition iHGVR /=S@3?cQAB Kjell J. G˚asvik
Gu*y7I8 Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway
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Ma#| bO\++zOF Preface to the Third Edition xi
5G}4z>-]F) 1Basics 1
=O }^2OARo 1.1 Introduction 1
V|MHDMD= 1.2 Wave Motion. The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
F<,pAxl~@ 1.3 The Plane Wave. Light Rays 3
Xe%J{ 1.4 Phase Difference 4
bg i_QB#k\ 1.5 Complex Notation. Complex Amplitude 5
?Fl}@EA#M 1.6 Oblique Incidence of A Plane Wave 5
&))d],tJX 1.7 The Spherical Wave 7
PaI\y!f 1.8 The Intensity 8
->b5"{t 1.9 Geometrical Optics 8
ksv] 1.10 The Simple Convex (Positive) Lens 10
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L[ 1.11 A Plane-Wave Set-Up 11
6kH6" 2 Gaussian Optics 15
9fEe={ B+ 2.1 Introduction 15
;#85 _/ 2.2 Refraction at a Spherical Surface 15
d/7R}n^ 2.2.1 Examples 19
_u[tv, 2.3 The General Image-Forming System 19
=7<JD}G 2.4 The Image-Formation Process 21
#"N60T@ 2.5 Reflection at a Spherical Surface 23
LeLUt<4~ 2.6 Aspheric Lenses 25
.7.lr[$g 2.7 Stops and Apertures 26
YGo?%.X 2.8 Lens Aberrations. Computer Lens Design 28
qSvV|G 2.9 Imaging and The Lens Formula 29
jsN[Drr a 2.10 Standard Optical Systems 30
8gP1]xD 2.10.1 Afocal Systems. The Telescope 30
mKZzSd)p 2.10.2 The Simple Magnifier 32
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2t\0vV2)/O 3 Interference 37
G?$@6 3.1 Introduction 37
.yj@hpJM 3.2 General Description 37
|fgUW. 3.3 Coherence 38
=x8[%+ 3.4 Interference between two Plane Waves 41
y0d= 3.4.1 Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) 45
L+8ar9es 3.5 Interference between other Waves 46
~bZ$ d{o^ 3.6 Interferometry 49
]Lub.r 3.6.1 Wavefront Division 50
dEJqgp}\p 3.6.2 Amplitude Division 51
<N vw*yA 3.6.3 The Dual-Frequency Michelson Interferometer 54
E{orezP 3.6.4 Heterodyne (Homodyne) Detection 55
M@cFcykK 3.7 Spatial and Temporal Coherence 56
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wD#H@ h 3.8 Optical Coherence Tomography 61
u"HGT=Nl 4 Diffraction 67
CVfV 4.1 Introduction 67
+Uq|Yh'Q 4.2 Diffraction from a Single Slit 67
Iq+N0G<j 4.3 Diffraction from a Grating 70
RsZj 4.3.1 The Grating Equation. Amplitude Transmittance 70
Y:!L 4.3.2 The Spatial Frequency Spectrum 73
?@rd,:'dE 4.4 Fourier Optics 75
<+k&8^:bi 4.5 Optical Filtering 76
;:6\w!fc 4.5.1 Practical Filtering Set-Ups 78
hp~q!Q1= 4.6 Physical Optics Description
7_I83$p' of Image Formation 81
Ek L2nI 4.6.1 The Coherent Transfer Function 83
%+~\I\)1 4.6.2 The Incoherent Transfer Function 85
]=~dyi 4.6.3 The Depth of Focus 88
ab6I*DbF 4.7 The Phase-Modulated Sinusoidal Grating 89
$%~JG( 5 Light Sources and Detectors 99
zgwez$ 5.1 Introduction 99
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M 5.2 Radiometry. Photometry 99
>&(#p@# 5.2.1 Lambertian Surface 102
1[!:|= 5.2.2 Blackbody Radiator 103
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m>9, 5.2.3 Examples 105
P 2WAnm 5.3 Incoherent Light Sources 108
sSW'SE?,< 5.4 Coherent Light Sources 109
JIyS e:p3 5.4.1 Stimulated Emission 109
36=aahXd\ 5.4.2 Gas Lasers 112
AQ'%}(#0 5.4.3 Liquid Lasers 114
fp [gKRSF 5.4.4 Semiconductor Diode Lasers. Light Emitting Diodes 114
]}v]j`9m% 5.4.5 Solid-State Lasers 117
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