"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith %W,D;?lEo>
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition !Cgx.
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1 Introduction ]<(]u#g_d
1.1 Lens Design Books 9)xUA;Qw?z
1.2 Reference Material BqDKT
1.3 Specifications 9a\nszwa
1.4 Lens Design Xs&TJ8a
1.5 Lens Design Program Features [,n c
1.6 About This Book ~ ~uAc_
>Vy>O&r
2 Automatic Lens Design b2 _Yu^
2.2 The Merit Function alh >"9~!
2.3 Local Minima aQ^umrj@?9
2.4 The Landscape Lens -9RDr\&`(
2.5 Types of Merit Function W$U0[^1
2.6 Stagnation (,^*So/
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing kGpa\c
g1
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization PB%-9C0
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems \s3]_1F;t
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits _&K
2.11 Spectral Weighting P%)gO
2.12 How to Get Started +`7KSwa
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3 Improving a Design DG4d"Jy
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques e%8|<g+n6
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 4Mk-2 Dx
3.3 Splitting Elements Z_\C*^
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet QL6C,#6
3.5 Compounding an Element &//wSlL3
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses k = ?h~n0M
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem E?(xb B
3.8 Balancing Aberrations dKl^jsd
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle + OV')oE
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces OD']:
| mu+9
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design y_xnai
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation *[=bR>
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance r kiT1YTY
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations n wI!O
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function yj4+5`|f
4.5 Fabrication Considerations ?+T^O?r|O
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5 Lens Design Data ~Lc066bLeq
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs nG_6oe*=I
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots V]*b4nX7
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign -hC,e/+
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF xBu1Ak8w
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots :xKcpY[{
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot x `V;Y]7'
cb5,P~/q
6 Telescope Objective ?g!V!VS2
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet g$.
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6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective =^
T\Xs;GK
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective R |KD&!~Z
6.4 Spherochromatism <b/~.$a'
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration PRNoqi3sY
6.6 Induced Aberrations k6=nO?$
6.7 Three-Element Objectives EGl^!.'
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) fDx9iHGv
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ^5r9 5
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design %e*@CbO$
6.11 A Final Note 8w({\=
1Bxmm#
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers r-,e;o>9
7.1 Eyepieces KR7@[
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs A.UUW
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces ;-UmY}MU
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular \QU^>23
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ko5V9Drc
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 2w)-\/j}
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier m Z1)wH ,
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces PqM1aoyX
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats ioPUUUb)
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats !bV5Sr^
8.2 Glass Choice h$L"8#
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations #p[',$cC
8.4 Other Design Considerations y\{%\ $
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens NH_<q"gT
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet @3kKJ
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet }MUn/ [x
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses IKie1!ZU{"
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces 3]?#he
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness LkQX?2>]
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9 Split Triplets 1#1 riM -
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets k%^lF?_0I
10.1 The Classic Tessar A=Ss6-Je
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac )&
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens vzmc}y G
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 5E notp[
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 9(":,M(/o
}<'5 z
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats n("0%@ov
11.1 Meniscus Components 41SGWAd#:
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon ,!U=|c"k)
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens %6_AM
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses zRPeNdX
11.5 The Split Dagor
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11.6 The Dogmar sN5B7)Vc
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens "?mJqA
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens qoAj]
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12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version '}Ri`
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens w|Nz_3tI
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet |hr]>P1
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet } CfqG?)
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element Zkf0p9h\
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar >$ 2V%};
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay V%Sy"IG
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13 Telephoto Lenses hdVdcnM
13.1 The Basic Telephoto -1J[n0O.
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses fNrgdfo
13.3 Telephoto Designs 2=_gf
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch +k`!QM>e-
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses : >>@rF ,
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle (T2m"Yi:
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens r7',3V
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 'e6WDC1Am(
ciMzf$+G$
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses E4hLtc^
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses l<N}!lG|
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens nMJ#<'v^!2
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens DY^;EZ!hb
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener w}=5ElB
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses \<g*8?yFs
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ~s5SZK*
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17 Microscope Objectives 8Ac:_Zg
17.1 General Considerations db6mfxi
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front @*sWu_-Y%
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives AnT3M.>ek
17.4 Reflecting Objectives _8E/)M
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs e;(0(rI
w4gg@aO
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems !/wtYI-`
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors IC7M$
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems k1!@^A
18.3 Catadioptric Systems %Z1N;g0
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ,2W8=ON
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ZMq6/G*fD
18.6 Unobscured Systems 4#lo$#
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Gy(=706
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ^U!0-y
19.1 Infrared Optics O<V4HUW
19.2 IR Objective Lenses E@b(1@
19.3 IR Telescope hq #?kN
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders j*vYBGD
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems gN"7be&J
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses T~='5iy|
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20 Zoom Lenses hyFyP\u]
20.1 Zoom Lenses c??mL4$'N
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras (UxW;
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Pjc
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens RVQh2'w
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure r!
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses J7g8D{4
21.1 Projection TV Lenses sL$:"=
21.2 Macro Lenses ^RI?ybDd
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses H7DJ~z~J
22.1 Monochromatic Systems sjV!5Z
22.2 Scanner Lenses lx7Q.su'
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses sdo[D
;N?]eM}yf
23 Tolerance Budgeting $F5 b
23.1 The Tolerance Budget #%h-[/
23.2 Additive Tolerances K>@+m
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget Bn &Ws
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24 Formulary N <Xq]!
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24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions m+T;O/lG0{
24.2 The Cardinal Points =7m)sxj]w
24.3 Image Equations "9Q40w\
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) Fkd+pS\9g~
24.5 Invariants
c$yk s
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) z+n,uHs
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships SR|`!
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions Vo'T!e- B
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs }xh$T'M8
24.10 Stop Shift Equations yL-YzF2
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces Yz+ZY
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) #;2n;.a
t,+nQ9
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Glossary ]z/8KL
Reference '$ t
Index