光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
F_Mi/pB^`9 uO`YA] 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
ep"54o5=d jG3i
)ALx 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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:3Z"Qk$uR VXAgp6 目录
.sDVBT'% 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
=r:-CRq( 1.1 Historical Development
NN W* 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
obE_`u l# 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Q04iuhDO: 1.4 Experimental Aspects
hQfxz,X 1.5 Very High Resolution
>p 7e6% 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
AjZ@hid 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
,9f$an 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
l~M86 h 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
q*<Df=+B 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
F3b[L^Km] References
/tf}8d KPUc+`cN% 2. Core Levels and Final States
iCIu]6 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
>w?O?&Q$ 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
-<i&`*zG 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
H0s,tTK8 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
Px}#{fkS 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
swnov[0 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
?/~7\ '|Z 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
@M"h_Z1# 2.3 Core Polarization
M#d_kDMw 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
X.g")Bt7 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
Ajhrsa\~a 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
k"V3FXC) 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
UPPDs " References
t_WNEZW7f ab'
f: 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
/"Om-DK% 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
>0SF79-RE 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
yU*j{>%RsK 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
rsvZi1N4w$ 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
|]]Xee] 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
JB'q_dS} 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
|jaUVE_2[ 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
NJ7N* 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
VD+8j29 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
oyJ/Oe
{ References
*n2Q_o f
7et 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
RWXj)H)w 4.1 Theory
Ab-S*|B 4.1.1 General
JHc|.2Oe 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
r&xqsZ%R 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
Wb!%_1dER 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
PQXyu1 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
}`Q'!_` 4.2 Experimental Results
bP Er+?fu 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
E[t\LTt*n 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
#2I[F 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
vP3Fb;
4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
"(/|[7D) 4.3 The Background Correction
Fx0K.Q2Y0 References
~VUNN[ C\.? 3 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
CTR|b}! 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
y*\ M7}]( 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
U-3KuR+0 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
gUL`)t\} * 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
aAu
upPu Neon (Ne)
sryujb., Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
v=i[s Water (H2O)
w^p
'D{{ Ammonia (NH3)
/I$g .f/# Methane (CH4)
o,D>7|h 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
i <bFF03*S 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
Puily9# 5.7 Hydrocarbons
Nh]eZ3O 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
E} Uy- 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
5U3="L 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
)f(#Fn 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
4zpprh+`K 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
e0j*e7$ 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
exTpy 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
I#Iu:,OT 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
Nypa,_9} 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
{G%`K,T 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
e]uk}#4 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
:~zK0v" 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
9d#-;qV 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
6}n_r}kNR 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
}j+ZF'# 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
k
U*\Fa*E 5.11.1 Outline
-zN*2T 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
Xv]O1 f cI References
6n Rl.3p<sX 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
p r(:99~3 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
_?Rprmjx} 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
w/~,mzM" 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
}/SbmW8(1 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
B r`Xw^S 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
c,!Ijn\;( 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
oa}-=hG 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
52C>f6w 6.3.2 XPS Regime
7xMvf<1P 6.3.3 Surface Emission
R',Q)< 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
t*NZ@)> 6.4 Thermal Effects
vfK^^S 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
W[AX? References
brl(7_2 Uk`ym 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
5 qt]~v%y 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
QpBgG~h" 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
Z[)t34EY" 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
*l)_&p 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
SGXXv 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
MT[V1I{LV 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
9s>q4_D 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
s{(aW5$!s 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
ZgP=maQk 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
b^~ keQ 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
B5GT^DaT 7.3.8 Summary
q6bi{L@/R 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
@%d g0F}h
7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
(dd+wx't 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
qsOA(+ZP 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
eee77.@y-p 7.5 A Comment
ea kj>7\s References
Bi;D d?. ##+|zka!U 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
/2N'SOX 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
HY0q!.qog 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
dw#K!,g 8.3 Quantum-Well States
-^LUa]"E 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
7?!A~Seo| References
0zQ"5e?qy ZKy)F-yX 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
FJXYKpY[r 9.1 Surface States
pRWEBd1U 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
3<}\{ jT 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
t"x
8]Gy References
% `Q[?(z x\PZ.o 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
ZByxC*Cz 10.1 General Description
I@Cq<:+(3 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Hdvtgss! 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
!%MI9Ok References
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