光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
Tx!mW-Lt ^@N@gB 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
-JcfP+{wS U*6r".sz 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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En[cg FzNs >* 目录
P2lj#aQLS 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
d/"e3S1 1.1 Historical Development
fSSDOH!U, 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
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1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
L"AZ,|wIk 1.4 Experimental Aspects
"6.kZ$`% 1.5 Very High Resolution
B[8 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
b,s T[!X[ 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
f 1]1ZOb 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
>R
:Bkf- 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
]mYY1%H8M 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
<zrGPwk References
wVp G!wFG-Y} 2. Core Levels and Final States
6VIi
nuOW 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
F(mm0:lT 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
u3kZOsG 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
q*52|? 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
bKiV<&Z5d 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
$O=m/l$ 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
RH~KaV3 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
U@DIO/C,m` 2.3 Core Polarization
G9d@vu 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
A=Dzd/CUO 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
cR_85 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
!@5B:n* 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
*GD?d2.6j References
v,
9M AZ, aNw8][ 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
NZCPmst 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
j#zUO&Q@ 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
QF
Vy2 q 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
{|a= 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
Wu?4oF 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
6o!+E@V
b 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
{p-&8- 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
LL4yafh 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
J1KV?aR 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
[O7:<co References
+<7`Gn(n3 #[ipJ % 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
N8_
c%6GE 4.1 Theory
cba~ 4.1.1 General
IXc"gO 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
=*_T;;E 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
?%(: 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
:VGvL"Kro 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
&3#19v7/ 4.2 Experimental Results
EA) K"C 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
n j0! 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
H}Z\r2 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
,*!HN
& 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
1<IF@__ 4.3 The Background Correction
ezS@LFaA References
=^%#F~o: -T$%MX 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
j]~;|V5Z 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
D;*P'%_Z 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
mW-4 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
gE;r;#Jt4 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
`v)
:|Q Neon (Ne)
}]VFLBl`w Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
lXso@TNrZ0 Water (H2O)
K8,Q^!5]" Ammonia (NH3)
bh
V.uBH Methane (CH4)
Hwiw:lPq`E 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
,}?x!3 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
'~{bq'7`m 5.7 Hydrocarbons
V'alzw7# 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
h0ml#A`h 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
#k?uY g8 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
yUd>EnQna 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
\%[sv@P9s 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
F/.nr 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
p$.m=+K~ 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
oU"!"t 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
^E-BB 6D 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
5\S
s`#g 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
jAXKp
b 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
-9)H[}. 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
{Qv Whf 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
v%^"N_] 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
Z8 eB5!$ 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
|YEq<wbQ 5.11.1 Outline
CmP_9M?ce 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
?5VPV9EX References
v_G1YC7TU Fw.df< 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
`|=hl~ 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
V)<Jj 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
I.dS-)Y 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
Q7#Yw"#G! 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
}o,-@R~ 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
j3=%J5< 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
{wJ8%
;Z7 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
HAKB@h) 6.3.2 XPS Regime
8@rddk 6.3.3 Surface Emission
t nvCtuaR 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
r{mj[N'@ 6.4 Thermal Effects
:d)y 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
xky +" References
H"5=z7w -}x( MZ 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
VPi*9(LS 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
z*,J0)<Q 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
" i!Xiy~ 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
2p|ed=ly% 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
+Z7:(o< 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
|X47&Y 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
?Z(xu~^/ 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
OrPi ("/ 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
h[(. 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
6N<
snBmd 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
W @
?* ~ 7.3.8 Summary
nVyV]'-z 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
8*&|Q1`K: 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
rK~Obv 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
i K,^|Q8 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
:q34KP 7.5 A Comment
7MZ(tOR References
qbx}9pp}g D;! aix3 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
qxbGUyH== 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
+wIv|zj9 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
1c4@qQyo 8.3 Quantum-Well States
h?7@]&VJ 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
XMlcY;W References
#Y<QEGb( B`w@Xk'D 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
lvp8{]I< 9.1 Surface States
/ n@by4;W 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
"30R%oL]= 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
]@A31P4t| References
*f-8egt- E}lNb
10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
jI!WE$dt 10.1 General Description
W [B;;"ro 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Z/oP?2/Afh 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
VMl)_M:' References
AQgagE^
WfH4*e 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
!n3J6%b9y/ 11.1 Examples
,V`[;~49 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
St|B9V?eEB 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
M32Z3< 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
|Ye%HpTTv References
>5M Hn@
2p;N|V Appendix
w$$vR A.1 Table of Binding Energies
^3lEfI<pBm A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
|PutTcjQ A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
D<J,3(Yu References
s)5W:`MH? Index