光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
0 c,bet{m TR|;,A[%v# 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
x1:vUHwC ;,FT&|3o 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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D@2Ya/c dV$3u"9 目录
E]1\iV 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
THb A(SM 1.1 Historical Development
[6oq## 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
y}CkzD 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
il=?o f\,i 1.4 Experimental Aspects
J,6!7a 1.5 Very High Resolution
$/MY,:*e 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
B<rPvM7a 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
9#s,K! !3{ 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
@ 8A{ 9i 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
q`h7H][(A 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
mMn2( References
}FuVY><l =H
L9Z 2. Core Levels and Final States
D[+|^,^> 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
UU*0dSWr 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
&f$a1#O}dx 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
J!ln=h 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
7 _X&5ni 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
:t_}_!~ 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
2#,8evH 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
zUvB0\{q 2.3 Core Polarization
&8R-C[A 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
-t;?P2 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
?S+/QyjcfJ 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
GZ;Z 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
~oEXM?M References
^[k6]1h kO
/~i 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
?+5"
%4o 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
bEBZ!ghU 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
`[w}hFl~q 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
0V{>)w!Fo 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
6nM
rO$i0k 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
8 ))I$+ 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
Ubn 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
nhB^Xr= 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
qpH j4 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
&Z;Eu'ia References
^!zJf7(+<> 8^&fZL', 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
D'U\]'. 4.1 Theory
"j*fVn 4.1.1 General
RlG'|xaT 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
m-Mhf; 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
PQr#G JG7 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
C?_t8G./_ 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
2b{@]Fp 4.2 Experimental Results
ua6*zop 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
3hp
tP 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
t!+%g) @ 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
?h>(&HjWV 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
]~4}(\u 4.3 The Background Correction
A5(kOtgiT References
s.k`];wo :Kt{t46) 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
#t5JUi%in* 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
arpJiG~JR 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
[kU[}FT 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
x3:ZB 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
J:M<9W Neon (Ne)
URj%
J/jD Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
# UP,;W Water (H2O)
?Mgt5by Ammonia (NH3)
Y6[] wUJ Methane (CH4)
$n_sGr 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
am)J'i, 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
DVeF(Y3& 5.7 Hydrocarbons
btkMY<o7 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
<3J=;.\6 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
AmrJ_YP/t~ 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
t 's5~ 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
J}93u(T5 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
noD7G2o 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
xq#]n^ 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
g]TI8&tP!L 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
t}* qs 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
)Uoe~\ 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
9h)P8B.>M 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
yD=)&->Ra 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
)G F 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
Xl
'\krz 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
NEjBjLJZ 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
kB!M[[t 5.11.1 Outline
@b(gjOE 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
LqH?3): References
\)s 3]/"7 L2Q p6A6S 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
^AC+nko* 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
`;8u9Ff 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
Y7IlqC`i 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
vb4G_X0S 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
DrYoC7 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
kK_>*iCMo 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
M4$4D? 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
34&$_0zn 6.3.2 XPS Regime
A?<"^<A^ 6.3.3 Surface Emission
w{UKoU 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
K<fq=:I3 6.4 Thermal Effects
I$sm5oL 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
~wQ WWRk References
Q-3J0= hJL0M! 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
p>hCh5 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
rea}Uq+po 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
OW5|oG
7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
ob()+p.k K 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
%#;(]7Zq 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
_jI)!rfb 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
we@En
.>f 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
\6PIw-) 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
2%, ' }Bus 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
0.,&B5) 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
^a0-5 7.3.8 Summary
r E*u 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
]k%KTvX*G 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
QSQ\@h;E 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
Kps
GQM 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
?VHwYD.B 7.5 A Comment
1x5CsmS References
Ik2szXh[J rzY@H }u 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
mJ#B<I' 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
;`Ch2b1+ 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
0}3'h#33= 8.3 Quantum-Well States
~$`YzK^*X 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
<EE+
S#z References
'/)_{Ly < $/Yw
9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
oXOO 10 9.1 Surface States
.A f)y_ 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
[T&y5"@ 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
a5g{.:NfO References
9MlfZsby (E]K)d 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
?;kc%Rz 10.1 General Description
[Z&s0f1Qb 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Ud?d. 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
D&lXi~Z%. References
rMFf8D(Y 9w<_XXQ 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
[~%;E[ky$ 11.1 Examples
uS10P7N} 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
\:^n-D*fX 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
5/VB'N#7s 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
&wC.?w$ References
_ r)hr7 aD`e]K ^L Appendix
[t\Mu}b A.1 Table of Binding Energies
4'e8VI0 A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
L&k$4,Z9 A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
Cjb p- References
M L_J<|,J Index