光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
3j]La kki]6_/n 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
T/-PSfbkj :3Ty%W&& 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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J@!Sf7k42 hh:0m\@< 目录
J5@_OIc1y 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
tnRq? 1.1 Historical Development
eHPGzNXb 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
[#lPT'l 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
8Vl!&j0s^ 1.4 Experimental Aspects
/vsQ <t;~ 1.5 Very High Resolution
M={k4r_t 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
\W/cC' 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
Vwm\a]s 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
AHn^^'&x[ 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
={#r/x 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
owmA]f References
`S$BBF; 'hU&$lgMF 2. Core Levels and Final States
Bk?M F6 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
,((5|MbM/ 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
UL"JwqD 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
J]fjg%C2m 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
I#uJdV|x 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
&qrH 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
W9a H]9b 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
~[ve?51 2.3 Core Polarization
9FJU'$FN 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
$Iqt
c)DA 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
7CrWsQl u 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
XXxX;xz$ 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
(Ozb +W? References
H'Z[3e 4i/ TEHQ 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
2E=E!Zwt_ 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
l EQn2+ 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
r95$B6 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
D/@:wY 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
X Uh)z 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
%<I0-o 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
d-xKm2sH 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
`|v0@-'$ 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
[4t_ 83 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
ke)3*.Y%C References
.o.@cLdU $\m=-5 0- 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
Hdj0! bUx 4.1 Theory
+,c;Dff 4.1.1 General
>/$Q:92T 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
|Q.?<T:wt= 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
Qzb8*;4?FF 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
$ZwsTV]x 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
z\fD}`^8 4.2 Experimental Results
M*aE)D ' 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
H-7*)D 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
}_5z(7}3 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
q&
4Z.( 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
!>9*$E
| 4.3 The Background Correction
^_)CQ%W? References
kc/h]B ruF+X) 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
q:1 1XPP 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
U{eC^yjt"o 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
fgTvwOSk 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
_.Uz!2 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
%>5Ht e< Neon (Ne)
q`9~F4\ Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
}u:^ Mz Water (H2O)
q)<5&|V Ammonia (NH3)
~~ )&? \N Methane (CH4)
`d3S0N6@ 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
YfF&: "-NU 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
S,Zjol %p 5.7 Hydrocarbons
*M-.Vor?R 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
>Z<ym|(T* 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
eQ9{J9)? 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
_[XEL+. 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
U|U/B 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
a;/4 ht 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
[>Q{70 c[ 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
glk
I9~ 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
i&.F}bEi 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
>`,v?<>+ 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
<uv{/L
b 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
-b)p6>G-C 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
TSHp.ABf 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
zS?i@e
$ 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
K=`*cSU> 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
{} vl^b 5.11.1 Outline
{fIH9+v 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
~}4H=[Zu References
mpr["C"l o#0NIn"GS/ 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
-@^SiI:C 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
fjp>FVv3 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
;;l( 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
nW|[poQK 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
+H="5uO< 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
c%uhQ62 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
9iS3.LCfX 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
unD8h=Z2 6.3.2 XPS Regime
s/ZOA[Yux 6.3.3 Surface Emission
3UrqV`x \ 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
-P'>~W,~ 6.4 Thermal Effects
q &jW{ 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
|C-B=XE;3 References
wQ[2yq Tb{,WUJg2 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
7Jc=`Zm' 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
RJtSHiM2 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
\DGm[/P 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
!L3Bvb;Q 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
o_\b{<^I 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
Zjo9c{\ 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
>u4uV8S 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
|<BTK_R 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
Ud{-H_m+ 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
r-Dcc;+=Q 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
ih~c(&n0 7.3.8 Summary
4r5,kOFWb 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
R^8Opf_UN 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
^OA}#k
NTW 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
KJpM?: 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
@)}Vk 7.5 A Comment
Wg}#{[4 References
#c!(97l6o ?TzN?\ 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
0U$6TDtmE 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
Nw|Lrn*h! 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
G_AAE#r` 8.3 Quantum-Well States
&"^A 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
/!%P7F References
EkTen:{G ~CM{?{z; 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Rj E,Wn 9.1 Surface States
9Pem~< 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
q_oYI3 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
wh~~g
qi9 References
]j{S' cz UiYA#m 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
]AHi$Xx 10.1 General Description
~Q]B}qdm 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
p>!r[v' 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
aa".d[*1 References
XhIgzaGVu h hdn9n 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
!HB,{+25 11.1 Examples
b1 KiO2
E 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
W)9KYI9u 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
PD/~@OsxU 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
PGw"\-F References
}%jb/@~ Hh
qx)u Appendix
Z-vzq; A.1 Table of Binding Energies
|]`+@K,S A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
R=9j+74U A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
^qk$W?pX References
{)%B?75~ Index