光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
`Rq|*:LV - |DWPU!" 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
^{IZpT3 6~ y' 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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}&7kT7ogO F~E)w5?\O 目录
Z@x& 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
#l&*&R~> 1.1 Historical Development
iNl<<0a 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
44~ReN}` 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
9?hF<}1XH} 1.4 Experimental Aspects
:,v(lq 1.5 Very High Resolution
` W);+s 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
!D{z. KO 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
L.;x=w 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
;c]O *\/ 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
r|ZB3L|7 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
qHe
H/e%`V References
xWa[qCr >{~xO 6H 2. Core Levels and Final States
zb[kRo&a0W 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
A0A|c JP 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
2P`./1L 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
_nzq(m1@ 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
[#\OCdb*3 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
KLG .?`h: 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
,Js_d 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
M^HYkXn[ 2.3 Core Polarization
fk?!0M6d 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
@VOegf+N 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
FdnLxw 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
or;VmU8$zb 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
gU&+^e > References
hTZ6@i/pS +&f_k@+ 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
N
GnE 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
n{<@-6 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
Cpd>xXZz&S 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
yr>J^Et%_ 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
E>*b,^J7g 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
`g(#~0R 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
<bCB-lG*Kb 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
}0H<G0 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
{P?DkUO} 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
avG#0AY References
u w8g% 8R\6hYJ%F 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
.^F&6'h1H 4.1 Theory
IN1n^f$: 4.1.1 General
<x;g9Z>( 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
RYC%;h 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
BDPE.8s 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
$?:IRgAr 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
@(x]+*) 4.2 Experimental Results
W6EEC<$JL 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
O(0a l#Fvj 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
^hEN 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
Xu_1r8-|=b 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
.*YOyK3H 4.3 The Background Correction
g9g ]X References
=|$U`~YB qx >Z@o 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
CP"5E?dcK 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
(qc<'$o 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
PPpaH!(D 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
*qL2=2 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
Edh9=sxL Neon (Ne)
[.$%ti*! Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
e>!]_B1ad Water (H2O)
|yOIC,5[JW Ammonia (NH3)
p'@z}T?F Methane (CH4)
O7Jp; 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
K|~!oQ 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
<$uDN].T4 5.7 Hydrocarbons
?_S); 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
'5T:*Yh 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
Z
*l&<q># 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
*}(B"FSO 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
7{S;~VH3 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
\Z%_dT} 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
T DPQ+Kg_ 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
id`9,IJx 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
srImk6YD 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
w[QC 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
u,YmCEd_V 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
ZS_
z 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
yswf2F 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
.bh7 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
~U8#yo 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
)
AGE"M3X 5.11.1 Outline
I7f:T N 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
<Fl.W}?Q} References
Y3)*MqZlF !]7L9TGn 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
@Y9tkJIt 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
9a1R"%Z 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
fx^yC.$2 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
vHPsHy7y 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
b|k(:b-G&. 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
pwVGe|h%, 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
XK0lv8( 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
/b4>0DXT5 6.3.2 XPS Regime
dt<P6pK- 6.3.3 Surface Emission
K7q R 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
JkLpoe81 6.4 Thermal Effects
j{ri]?p 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
URr{J}5 References
O+Db#FW +f^|Yi 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
kk
CoOTe& 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
F A%BzU5^ 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
RM25]hx 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
te>Op 1R 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
u~N'UD1x 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
_*t75e$- 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
8)f/H&)>8 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
m{yq.H[X 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
S*ie$}ZX 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
v+d`J55 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
PP6gU=9[) 7.3.8 Summary
lb}:!Y 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
cS#| _ 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
~!Rf5QA85 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
&D7Mv5i0@ 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
-BrJ5]T>* 7.5 A Comment
l>7?B2^<E References
.z,`{-7U `7 Nk; 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
a{}8030S 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
|L
< 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
S)^eHuXPI 8.3 Quantum-Well States
'z};tIOKJk 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
]#FQde4]5 References
3HndE~_C& AD'c#CT 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Qer}eg`R 9.1 Surface States
k,/2]{#53d 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
G|UeR=/ 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
!@)tkhP References
t1o_x}z4. o<Rrr, 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
P`n"E8"ab< 10.1 General Description
~2XiKY;W? 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
_E^ !,Wz 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
2$joM`j$ References
n=h!V$X g`H;~ w 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
O]9PYv=^ 11.1 Examples
RXhT{Ho(> 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
C7MCMM|S 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
:1!k*5 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
HwBJUr91] References
zj;KtgcE W=!D[G R Appendix
'R n\CMTH A.1 Table of Binding Energies
8H{9 A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
]~'pYOB A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
o5w = References
h]^=
y.Q Index