光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
Sb'N]; hEVjeC 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
w 9/nVu ^).WW 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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@47[vhE ;r g H}r 目录
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1. Introduction and Basic Principles
oNiToFbQu 1.1 Historical Development
av'd%LZP 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
zJz82jMm 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
A4~D#V 1.4 Experimental Aspects
i7i|370 1.5 Very High Resolution
Uc_'3|e 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
\Oi5=, 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
XRClBTKF 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
ZMdM_i? 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
=Jsg{vI 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
BM|-GErE References
PN1(j| 6T R8D\
2. Core Levels and Final States
CP c" 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
)?!vJb" 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
#]5&mKi 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
04I6-}6 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
1zh$IYrd 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
3I'M6WA 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
,maAw}= 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
3g?MEM~ 2.3 Core Polarization
>k$[hk*~ 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
B, QC-Tn 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
yq/[ /*7^ 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
r24\DvS 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
kA7~Yu5| References
Paae-EmC 7V9%)%=h| 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
]&3s6{R 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
Zp/qs
z(] 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
K[iY{ 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
e8~62O^ 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
<7vI h0 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
D)H?=G 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
j\XX:uU_ 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
b5iIV1g 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
4@/ q_*3o 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
[(D}%+2 References
*Gk<"pEeS 9s;!iDFn 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
gp#bQ 4.1 Theory
q#mFN/.(+ 4.1.1 General
'0'"k2"vC 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
}Q{
=:X9 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
pl
jV|.? 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
z4%Z6Y 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
"ay,Lr 4.2 Experimental Results
#U",,*2 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
j6&zRFX 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
)z?&"I 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
*@-q@5r}! 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
TS\A`{^T 4.3 The Background Correction
EWuiaw. References
,wry u|7"$ o*O"\/pmF 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
?L<UOv7;t 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
<2o.,2?G 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
6T{o3wc; 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
u7WTSL% 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
c~^]jqid] Neon (Ne)
Q70**qm Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
+LQs.* Water (H2O)
;qMnO_E Ammonia (NH3)
VurP1@e& Methane (CH4)
SU_]C+ 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
`>`K7-H 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
3]:p!Y`$ 5.7 Hydrocarbons
DWm;&RPJ 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
+ e5 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
^| FVc48{ 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
/VhE<}OtH 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
~n8*@9[ 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
6*(h9!_T1 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
|mQtjo 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
# o;CmB 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
{.' ,%) 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
rHC+nou 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
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5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
S2At$47v 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
V:0uy> 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
lt2Nwt0bv 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
C%95~\Ds 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
@??c<]9F 5.11.1 Outline
{d?4;Kd 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
gT5Ji~xI References
!5E%W[ 7=QC+XSO 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
P$(iB.& 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
t_zY0{|P 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
Oc"'ay(g 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
z`xz~9a< 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
(Q h7bfd 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
cmr6,3_ 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
(4{@oM#H6 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
aoakTi!} 6.3.2 XPS Regime
sS1J.R 6.3.3 Surface Emission
RBK>Lws6 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
[:R P9r} 6.4 Thermal Effects
]UCk_zWsn1 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
*OGXu07 ! References
T^(n+ lv y_7XYT!w 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
%<ptkZK# 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
KWigMh\r 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
#*>7X>,J 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
3 R:7bex 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
Xb+if 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
4|@FO}rK[l 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
ko+M,kjwR 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
Og;$P'U 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
[y=$2 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
53u.pc 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
I3zitI; 7.3.8 Summary
ZoNNM4M+ 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
R/Dy05nloe 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
9tc@
7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
Vm1 c-,)3 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
#Zavdkw=d 7.5 A Comment
I^(o3B References
1z};"A Y%?!AmER 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
QhE("}1 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
[@. jL0> 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
E~Up\f 8.3 Quantum-Well States
d$?n6|4 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
pqQdr-aR= References
K`_E>k T\e)Czz2- 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Uwm[q+sTp 9.1 Surface States
c;~Llj
P 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
|_xiG~ 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
73sAZa| References
=<FZ{4 A$"$`)P! 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
LWb}) #E 10.1 General Description
Dgq[g_+l 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
,YMdXYu`s 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
CIik@O* References
!{~7 )iq knK=ENf;e 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
p_40V%y^ 11.1 Examples
?xTeio44 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
pYhI{ 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
Bzy=@]` 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
]'ApOp References
I{g2q B$6 sImxa`kb Appendix
|xgCV@ A.1 Table of Binding Energies
QsF<=b~ A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
~z1KD)^ A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
9B;Sk]y References
VU'l~%ql Index