光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
UW?(-_8 "{igrl8 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
m+7/ebj{A ]@rt/ eX 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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HLYTt)f} j0F'I*Z3 目录
`1T?\ 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
~g_]Sskf7 1.1 Historical Development
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{CwtH][ 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
#,4CeD|(D, 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
F}C.F 1.4 Experimental Aspects
2VgDM6h 1.5 Very High Resolution
q#n0!5Lv2 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
K\2UwX 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
.e,(}_[[< 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
y_F{C 9KE 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
:qQpBr$ 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
NPFrn[M$ References
f L}3I(VK 1;Dug 2. Core Levels and Final States
\~O}V~wE 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
,8vqzI 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
-x)zyq6 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
;<9 dND 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
c2aW4TX2 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
p903*F^[, 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
"")I1iO
g 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
D_W,Jmet 2.3 Core Polarization
V:wx@9m) 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
-q}c;0vL-a 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
vp>,}nx4 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
%v_w"2x; 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
=(-oQ<@v References
{r$n
$ 4%]wd}'#Un 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
-b7q)%V 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
r@XH=[: 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
DAPbFY9 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
)l|/lj 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
Rpi@^~aPE 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
zh<[/'l 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
E`DsRR < 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
b\dzB\,& 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
*&m{)cTs 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
)<vU F]e~ References
<H,q( :pM <DM
/"^* 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
giDe 4.1 Theory
!='?+Ysxs 4.1.1 General
|K H&, 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
(eOzntp8 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
vwlPFrLl 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
G/w&yd4 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
vuOixAkw 4.2 Experimental Results
|Zn|?#F 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
p7\}X. L 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
3miEF0x[ 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
CflGj0oy8 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
BaLvlB 4.3 The Background Correction
\R6D'Yt References
_aR_[ ex-0@ 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
ncGg@$E 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
?_!} lg 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
"wB~*,Ny 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
CPw=?<db 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
aMxg6\8 Neon (Ne)
'\&t3?; Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
W[dK{?RB Water (H2O)
s Y^#I Ammonia (NH3)
g.&n
X/ Methane (CH4)
{GTOHJ2 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
4490l" 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
(sXR@Ce$ 5.7 Hydrocarbons
(4hCT* 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
K!JXsdHK 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
nkv+O$LXP 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
'T8(md299 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
Ic%c%U=i 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
x8#bd{ 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
?8g*"&cn 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
C6$F.v 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
9L$bJO-3 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
^F>C|FJ2 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
Y[hTO.LF 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
Y5 BWg 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
CSUXa8u7 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
}67lL~L 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
}#~DX!Sj 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
({GN.pC( 5.11.1 Outline
_I"T(2Au 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
Qh4<HQ<9 References
<"93 f.Uvf^T}2 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
r+4<Lon~ 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
$P9'"a)Lm 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
5#DtaVz 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
XM9}ax 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
w:|BQ, 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
J6WyFtlyLc 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
r#%e$
6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
p~n62( 6.3.2 XPS Regime
Kzj9!'0R 6.3.3 Surface Emission
z1-JoZ 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
i'[o,dbE 6.4 Thermal Effects
gPo3jw o$ 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
j9V*f
HK References
R-L*N$@! J%Cn 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
`t@Rh~B 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
F%Xj'= 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
R\^n2gK 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
p\"WX 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
Sk~( t 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
$.7Ov| 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
O|5Z-r0< 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
$Ur-Q d 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
0q@U># 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
*dTI4k 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
cZ<@1I5QK 7.3.8 Summary
4iDlBs+ 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
3 NLC~CJ 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
1x"S^j
7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
%, Pwo{SH 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
k*?Axk# 7.5 A Comment
o
0-3[W'x< References
U2lDTRt q|;Sn 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
-Um|:[*I 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
F$|Ec9 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
-naj.omG| 8.3 Quantum-Well States
F!LVyY"w 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
rJ@yOed["b References
W=[..d QSaJb?I 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
NoR=:Q 9e 9.1 Surface States
&s+F+8"P+ 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
B%.XWW$ 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
nVO|*Bnf) References
lT<4c5% ^GyGh{@,f 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Ykt{]# 10.1 General Description
Fz3QSr7FU 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
YgeU>I|v 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
"TLY:V References
53i7:1[uV N?RJuDW 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
T!iRg=<bz 11.1 Examples
|X'Pa9u 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
l6AG!8H 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
!%1=|PX_ 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
Q9[$8 References
k=7+JI"J kW
7$ Appendix
;&A%"8o A.1 Table of Binding Energies
3RW3<n A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
"I7 Sed7 A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
+Vf39}8 References
%+1;iuDL Index