光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
j9-.bGtm?. <UTO\w% 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
U r8JG&, '?LqVzZI 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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0_=^#r4Mu BJ5^-| 目录
Q!I><u 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
Vl'rO_?t 1.1 Historical Development
9%m^^OOf 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
-U\s.FI.AR 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
?u0qYep: 1.4 Experimental Aspects
^b^buCYw 1.5 Very High Resolution
PWO5R] 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
6_:KFqc W 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
_<l)4A3rS 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
2(P<TP._E 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
%/S HB 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
^Cj3\G4, References
n;QFy5HB8 .&h|r>*|J 2. Core Levels and Final States
qa4j>; 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
J~h9i=4<bF 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
PO|gM8E1x? 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
`3z6y&dmx 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
e+?;Dc-SJ\ 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
L(C0236r 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
$J0o%9K
2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
gf^y3F[\ 2.3 Core Polarization
"Id1H 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
<S12=<c?' 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
}*vE/W 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
o)'06FF\$ 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
}}oIZP\qM References
};f^*KZ=0 H8m[:K]_H 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
D}N4*L1 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
x Vw1 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
3ik~PgGoKQ 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
R_vK^Da 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
f?(g5o*2 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
v9Lf|FXo& 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
N37CAbw0 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
r&~]6
U 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
/XdLdA!v 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
48{B} j%oU References
a%QgL&_5 L^2wEF 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
l-SVI9|<0 4.1 Theory
g'EPdE 4.1.1 General
O@skd2 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
+6L.a3&(b 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
KbH|'/w 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
ziv+*Qn_b4 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
_*xY>?Aq 4.2 Experimental Results
-oY8]HrXfK 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
V|<'o<h8 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
eu//Q'W 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
'vKae 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
{J/+KK 4.3 The Background Correction
>;}(?+|f References
gRZ!=z[& }|RL6p-/' 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
T^ #1T$ 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
f*^bV_ 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
"5<YN# 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
l .m # 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
"kKIv|` Neon (Ne)
jV<5GWq Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
H)rJ>L Water (H2O)
4z^~,7J^ Ammonia (NH3)
QHtN_Q_F Methane (CH4)
v7D0E[)~ 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
g O8~$Aj 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
cVSns\QO 5.7 Hydrocarbons
lGJ&\Lv: 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
d-gcXaA-8 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
WY26Iq@C 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
;x/.8fA 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
gA 19f 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
}T53y6J# 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
^C}f|{J 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
LwH+X:?i 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
T`c:16I 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
YDgG2hT/2 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
Q*8x Bi1 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
Iomx"y]9 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
6 I43a1[s 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
f3<2531/} 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
VuH}@ 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
+KIBbXF7 5.11.1 Outline
<W*6=HZ' 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
m=w #l>! References
zJOyr"B'8 ^xr &E 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
,,?XGx 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
&C#?&AQ 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
tnq ZlS 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
ifmX<'(9A 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
$4]4G=o 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
DH.CAV 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
j3[kG# 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
WGUd@lC~ 6.3.2 XPS Regime
s2#}@b6'. 6.3.3 Surface Emission
ixqvX4vv,B 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
Q0L1!}w
6.4 Thermal Effects
#6#%y~N 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
Seq
^o= References
UUvR>5@n '"6*C*XS 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
}#nd&ND 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
e_FoNT 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
mlz|KI~\F; 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
NkAu<>
G _ 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
31p7oRzr 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
&b]_#c 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
O44Fj) 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
|"}rC >+ 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
r4]hcoU 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
k?Njge6@ 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
|#B)`r8 7.3.8 Summary
iS`ok 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
]'z 5%' 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
XMLl>w2z 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
^[q/w<_j~ 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
Y{8}z
ZD 7.5 A Comment
EEHTlqvR References
6)~7Uf:<v LXRIo2ynuw 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
~le:4qaX 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
x.
/WP~I 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
=bQ\BY# 8.3 Quantum-Well States
v\5`n@}4 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
F*y7 4j, References
mqiCn]8G E.CG 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
yz%o?%@ 9.1 Surface States
qh6Q#s>tH 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
9Wdx"g52_D 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
<"7Wb"+ References
[`1@`5SL- mD,fxm{G 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
xBE}/F$45 10.1 General Description
cfHtUv 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
+y 48.5 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
X6r3$2! References
mwF{z.t" S]gV! Q4% 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
_F2ofB' 11.1 Examples
w%%*3[--X 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
z#d*Odc 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
$qiM_06 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
.F0Q<s9 References
Q|7m9~ "?'9\<> Appendix
7_L$ XIa A.1 Table of Binding Energies
-E.fo._L5 A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
)J
8mn* A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
S|m|ulB References
a@C}0IP) Index