Foreword &WAU[{4W
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body W^ask[46R
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development s5{H15
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 xOg|<Nnl
member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. #=Xa(<t
The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D +JD^5J,-NJ
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a gGA5xkA
variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into !f/^1k}SR
electricity. L7(.dO 0C
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative G+C{_o#3
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks) $1)NYsSH/H
is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the +U<Ae^V
IEA PVPS programme. l<sWM$ez
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark EOq V5$+
(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), +&_n[;
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway biffBC:q
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United )0;O<G] d
Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). c No)LF
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, +'` ^ N
quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV OQuTM[W
systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing Pm2 4;'
countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA =*y{y)B^g
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. RhjU ^,%
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the e<Oz %
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle Pc~)4>X<
cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic L #IY6t
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of e=u}J%|
Task III by: WPu%{/ [
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE) FEA/}*2F
Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) hM(Hq4ed,
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) a9nXh6
06 December 1999
