Foreword _N=f&~T
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body ia (`3r
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development +I?k8 ',pi
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 u- _1)'
member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. r zs-c ?
The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D &B ]1 VZUp
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a e^'|<0J
variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into Z&79: 9=#>
electricity. QIg'js$W
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative u Xk]
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks)
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is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the Cv}^]_`Q
IEA PVPS programme. >ZW|wpO
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark 5 5m\, UG7
(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), tHAe
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway r?IBmatK/
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United YRo,wsj
Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). a9UXg< 4
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, $
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quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV v` {N0 R
systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing #wo
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countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA J!2j]?D/e
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. b]f x
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the Nk<^ Qv
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle
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cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic D$7#&2y
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of 3%hq<
Task III by: ZPyzx\6\
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE) 6i2%EC9
Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) U2l3E*O
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) 7Y R |6{@
06 December 1999
