Foreword _X%D w
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body b(T@~P/
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 76MsrOv55
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 $%He$t
member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. J:};n@<
The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D p {C9`wi)
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a FzhT$7Gw
variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into >h7$v~nra
electricity. 5faj;I{%JY
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative QMb^&?;s
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks) NV~vuC
is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the Kq7C0)23
IEA PVPS programme. Ruj.J,
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark &7][@v
(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), 4K,''7N3
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway
TcZN %
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United FfXZ|o$;
Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). ak2dn]]D
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, csvO g[
quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV 41 'EA \V
systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing X%`KYo%
countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA e wQe/Fq
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. [d:@1yc
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the d$Em\*C
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle 1*c>I@I;
cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic H5p5S\g-)
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of DPeVK yjU
Task III by: wT % "5:
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE) bX&e_Pd
Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) X 7&U3v
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) u\w 2S4c
06 December 1999
