Foreword "$#X [ .
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body T>,3V:X
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development xO"fg9 a
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 5R D\XgyN]
member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. #
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The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D -F\xZ
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a kW=g:m
variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into f.SV-{O_
electricity. r^3/Ltd5/
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative Vf <VKP[9K
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks) %GG:F^X#
is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the .4DX/~F
IEA PVPS programme. 0]% 0wbY1
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark xLhN3#^m
(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), ,w&8 &wj
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway c@H:?s!0R
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United
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Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). [ aC7
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, ) in hPd
quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV ODa+s>a`^
systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing g$+u;ER5
countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA lYEMrr!KQw
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. jzCSxuZ7O
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the I{#&!h>]U
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle P6q`i<
cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic GPP{"6q5'
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of G=?2{c}U
Task III by: {v{qPYNyh
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE) bV|(V >
Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) =[{YI2S
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) /Xa_Xg7
06 December 1999
