Foreword I<Wp,E9G#
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body N2#Wyt8MC
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development *c3(,Bmw
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 6j/g/!9c!
member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. =^\yE"a
The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D db -h=L|
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a hSr2<?yk
variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into G)t_;iNL|
electricity. ,1&Pb %}
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative L7VD ZCV
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks) q!iSY
is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the Vsw]v
IEA PVPS programme. ]{^'{ z$i
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark ?71?Vd
(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), l1HMH?0|
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway G9 v'a&
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United D`d*bNR
Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). &6wD
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, w`KqB(36
quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV 4&N#d;ErC
systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing PDQEI55
countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA kD;1+lNz
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. Bie#GKc
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the H{M7_1T
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle 1*U)\vK~
cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic >-oB%T
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of x$hhH=
Task III by: Z uFk}R"x
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE)
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Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) +{#65z
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) !$n@-
06 December 1999