Foreword pG^>y0
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body v[4-?7-
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ckkm}|&m
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 5
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member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. 6J<R;g23R]
The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D >{{0odB F
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a U E- 1p
variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into fp?/Dg"49.
electricity. X- j@#Qb
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative gLwrYG7@
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks) IOY<'t+
is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the (z:qj/|
IEA PVPS programme. GE* %I1?]
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark
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(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), 1nR\ m+{
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway 39bw,lRPV
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United Ae*
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Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). 'F^1)Ga$
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, r8>Qs RnU%
quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV fwi
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systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing y=2nV
countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA m>f8RBp]'
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. t]hfq~Ft
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the +t8#rT ^B
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle ;+*/YTkC+P
cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic _ZE&W
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of s;#,c(
Task III by: K?Jo"oy7
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE) L=gG23U&
Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) jt0f*e YE8
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) )
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06 December 1999
