"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith LZ<^b6Dxk
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition &AP`k
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1 Introduction (0u(<qA\
1.1 Lens Design Books M3Oqto<8"
1.2 Reference Material lGpci
1.3 Specifications Cxra(!&
1.4 Lens Design 5%RiM|+
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 2sH1),\
1.6 About This Book 6QAhVg: A
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2 Automatic Lens Design VMH^jCFp
2.2 The Merit Function e-*-91D
2.3 Local Minima P(cy@P,D
2.4 The Landscape Lens #eIFRNRb)
2.5 Types of Merit Function ZY=a[K
2.6 Stagnation AL;4-(KH
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing ip!-~HNwJ
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization v"-K-AQjB
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems v-DZW,
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits %
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2.11 Spectral Weighting f"SK3hI$p
2.12 How to Get Started uF+0nv+
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3 Improving a Design 8p_6RvG
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques `k`P;(:
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) # p2`9o
3.3 Splitting Elements n+ S&[Y
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet z]R%'LGu
3.5 Compounding an Element '9!J' [W
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ||4T*B06
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem *USG
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3.8 Balancing Aberrations {r'+icvLX
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ^09-SUl^
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces `IT]ZAem`/
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design !cW!zP-B*p
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation ($-m}UF\/
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance lBGYZ--
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations %`*On~
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 1>Q4&1Vn
4.5 Fabrication Considerations J";4+wA7
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5 Lens Design Data e~7FK_y#0
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs et?FX K"y
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 3S"
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5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign (eSsx/
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF 8N \<o7t%
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots yK-DzAv
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot inh
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6 Telescope Objective nc6PSj X
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet qA"BoSw 4
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 2T(7V[C%9
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective f-p$4%(
6.4 Spherochromatism zl(o/n
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 'q?Y5@s
6.6 Induced Aberrations S=\cF,Zs
6.7 Three-Element Objectives <cU%yA710
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) zwz_K!229
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet w!'y,yb%
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design QiK-|hFj
6.11 A Final Note -E~r?\;X
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers TD%&9$F
7.1 Eyepieces 5RAhm0Op~.
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs Em !%3C1r
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces p6V#!5Q
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 5z =}o/?
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces k||dX(gl
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces "=1gA~T
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 8i5S
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7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 6l[v3l"t
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Bal e_s^
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats lrj&60R`w
8.2 Glass Choice Va?i#<a
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ~(8f Uob
8.4 Other Design Considerations UI"UBZZ$
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens S~)`{
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8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet eh>
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8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet >I/@GX/
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses qYJ<I'Ux O
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces +80bG(I_
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 4wkv#vi7!-
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9 Split Triplets NyT%S?@y<
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 5:jme$BI
10.1 The Classic Tessar
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10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 0G6aF"
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ]E$NJq|
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Q4_r) &np
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar n}_}#(a
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats _ xTpW
11.1 Meniscus Components A]TEs)#*7)
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon "T{WOGU+
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens ^C1LQZ
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses
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11.5 The Split Dagor f;Oh"Yt
11.6 The Dogmar e5 L_<V^Jo
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens G;flj}z
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens f}"eN/T
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version <g%A2lI
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens =Y81h-
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet / Ws>;0
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 9I]Bt=2z
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element LXh}U>a9
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar rR :ZTfJs"
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay \*=wm$p&*
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13 Telephoto Lenses tE_n>~Zs
13.1 The Basic Telephoto r
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13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Y|><Ls6Q
13.3 Telephoto Designs Lc5zu7ncg
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch X=KW
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses |(Mxbprz
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 8T9s:/%
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 4NW!{Vw ,
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 9Y'pT.Gyb
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 6ICW>#fI`
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses l[c '%M |N
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens JR#4{P@A
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens J)Y`G4l2@
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener m9A%Z bQ^
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Rlk3AWl2u
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems D$K'Qk
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17 Microscope Objectives :Q> e54]'&
17.1 General Considerations TDDMx |{
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front e|!'
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives U%s@np
17.4 Reflecting Objectives zUL,~u
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs /]3[|
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems zplv.cf#q
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors FHQ`T\fC$@
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ,M.}Q ak^
18.3 Catadioptric Systems #4O4,F>e
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 8#yu.\N.xt
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids h8asj0
18.6 Unobscured Systems
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18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Kh\ 7%>K#
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems XLt/$Caf
19.1 Infrared Optics B223W_0"o
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ^#<L!yo^
19.3 IR Telescope &]o-ZZX
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Bk~C$'x4
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 'G l~P><e
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses W+!UVUpW
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20 Zoom Lenses 'JMW.;Lh?X
20.1 Zoom Lenses g=$U&Hgs
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras g77M5(ME
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 6/S.sj~
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens o@zxzZWg
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure [[IMf-]
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses w-pgtO|Us
21.1 Projection TV Lenses EcB
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21.2 Macro Lenses d-_V*rYU
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses CVa>5vt
22.1 Monochromatic Systems q-<DYVG+
22.2 Scanner Lenses ?Tc#[B
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses Lmte ~oBi
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23 Tolerance Budgeting />S^`KSTM
23.1 The Tolerance Budget _eiqs
23.2 Additive Tolerances 2/*u$~
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 0qJ (RB
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24 Formulary B[@q.n
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions SUUNC06V
24.2 The Cardinal Points +-@n}xb@
24.3 Image Equations RhE~Rwbx
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) |X8?B=
24.5 Invariants nv:Qd\UM
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 1 jidBzu<
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships "sN%S's
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions G{} 2"/
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs jjV'`Vy)
24.10 Stop Shift Equations _cs(f<>oCO
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ki'$P.v{$w
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) G*9>TavE
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031"D*W'i
Glossary eK:?~BI!
Reference >)ekb7
Index