"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith RPqn#B
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition =|zyi|
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1 Introduction B'~i Z65
1.1 Lens Design Books L7'X7WYf&
1.2 Reference Material GnHf9
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1.3 Specifications ll^O+>1dO
1.4 Lens Design 4>eg@s N
1.5 Lens Design Program Features @)B5^[4(;
1.6 About This Book NNV.x7
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2 Automatic Lens Design \evgDZf
2.2 The Merit Function sSb&r
2.3 Local Minima
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2.4 The Landscape Lens gM]/Y6*$b
2.5 Types of Merit Function "tbBbEj?d
2.6 Stagnation z>#$#:Z4
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing Wl"fh_
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ^Q:`2C5
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 3]82gZGG
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits Z.f<6<gF
2.11 Spectral Weighting j>=".^J
2.12 How to Get Started C3Z(k}
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3 Improving a Design : .eS|
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques D#(Pg
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) ,$*klod
3.3 Splitting Elements rMx_ <tX X
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ov}{UP]a?
3.5 Compounding an Element C'"6@-~
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses eNKdub
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem dTNgrW`4
3.8 Balancing Aberrations $O>MV
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle m=y)i]=1
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces dz DssAHy
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design pfIvBU?
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation jtJU5Q
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance s7gf7E#Y
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations +1A<kJ
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function @uWD>(D
4.5 Fabrication Considerations iTyApLV
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5 Lens Design Data lKSI5d
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs pEP.^[
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 3<SC`6'?
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign mQ)l`wGh
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF "@Fxfd+Ot
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots %iML??S
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot j|w+=A1
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6 Telescope Objective 79fg%cSb
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet nhxl#
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 6<GWDO
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ;bbEd'
6.4 Spherochromatism r-uIFhV^
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration M>#S
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6.6 Induced Aberrations r
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6.7 Three-Element Objectives Ke!O^zP92
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) \/G Y0s
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet N:zSJW`1
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 60$
6.11 A Final Note /otgFQ_
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers @
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7.1 Eyepieces Lr &tpB<
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs >skS`/6
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces AE Jm/8,T
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular C,rZ}-
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces _JXE/
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces ]vrs?
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier aV.<<OS
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces bf+2c6_BN0
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats XQPJ(.G
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ~>|U %3}]
8.2 Glass Choice + u+fEg/A
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations c9'b`# '
8.4 Other Design Considerations }#M|3h;q9+
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens UYUdIIoL
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet ySZ)yT
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet :|TBsd|/x
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses )*B.y|b#
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces |d8o<Q
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness ~]Jfg$'
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9 Split Triplets &~EOM
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets %qhaVM$]
10.1 The Classic Tessar 4{=Em5`HbO
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac *np|PyLP:
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ZhU2z*qN#
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets WqO*vK!t
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 4!wfh)Z
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats (H7q [UG|
11.1 Meniscus Components +$C5V,H~
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon Y`v&YcX;
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens !% Md9Mu!o
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ~}fpe>M:
11.5 The Split Dagor 5{UGSz 1
11.6 The Dogmar \uH;ng|m
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens FrS>.!OFn
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 1?;s!6=
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version e BPMT
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Om*Dy}
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet {fWZ n
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet a,.9eHf
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 9j/B3CjW
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 9ZwhCsO
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay _kfApO)O
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13 Telephoto Lenses ;XjKWM;
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 3't?%$'5
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses iPao54Z
13.3 Telephoto Designs umciP
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch Z(#a-_g
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses n']@Spm
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle vjW S35i
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ) E5ax~
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses |oX l+&u
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 0=~Ji_5mB
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses
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16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens {Tx+m;5F
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ]RV6(|U4_
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener K}6}Opr,Tt
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses O\xUv
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ]itvu :pl%
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17 Microscope Objectives :[Fwc
17.1 General Considerations 9+pnpaZB0
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front )x]/b=m
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Uj_%U2S$
17.4 Reflecting Objectives k9a-\UIMet
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 8I
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems bjbm"~
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors t~e.LxN
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems s3oK[:/
18.3 Catadioptric Systems fy7]I?vm@
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ZM0vB% M|
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids '(=krM9;
18.6 Unobscured Systems <.#i3!
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” x]w%?BlS
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Ak&eGd$d
19.1 Infrared Optics S9-FKjU
19.2 IR Objective Lenses j%0D:jOY]
19.3 IR Telescope 0jG8Gmh!
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 5Q
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19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 'jqkDPn
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses w_PnEJa9
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20 Zoom Lenses uL`_Sdjw
20.1 Zoom Lenses Xnpw'<~X
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 9n%vz@X
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens b dP @^Q
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens /5pVzv+rm
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses )lwxFP;
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 5LM Ay"
21.2 Macro Lenses wF[%+n (*
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses g:8k,1y5
22.1 Monochromatic Systems n.F^9j+V
22.2 Scanner Lenses TuG%oV}
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses LYhjI
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23 Tolerance Budgeting 4z6kFQgu
23.1 The Tolerance Budget k}18
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23.2 Additive Tolerances r^zra|]
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget q|h#J}\
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24 Formulary DsX+/)d
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions `"Lk@
24.2 The Cardinal Points <!;NJLe`
24.3 Image Equations ;V v.$mI
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) l\tg.O~
24.5 Invariants pmfL}Dn
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) <*_DC)&79
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships Tji* \<?
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions D4Z7j\3a
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs R/EpfYOX
24.10 Stop Shift Equations B}fd#dr
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ,76Q*p
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ,,8'29yEq
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Glossary 0g'MFS
Reference weH;,e*r
Index