"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ` Fa~
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition WlOmJtt4)
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1 Introduction R`NYEptJ
1.1 Lens Design Books 3Z>Ux3[
1.2 Reference Material YL!P0o13r
1.3 Specifications p_RsU`[
1.4 Lens Design 94'&b=5+
1.5 Lens Design Program Features [_BP)e
1.6 About This Book Cjn#00
8I =2lK
2 Automatic Lens Design /CrSu
2.2 The Merit Function 5AFJC?
2.3 Local Minima x[
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2.4 The Landscape Lens ?g_3 [Fk
2.5 Types of Merit Function OIGY`
2.6 Stagnation .73X3`P25
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing G<L;4nA)
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization HY56"LZ$(}
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems E^B'4
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits ?qb}?&1
2.11 Spectral Weighting P\E<9*V
2.12 How to Get Started 1KU!
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3 Improving a Design ahusta
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques [:7'?$
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) k$n|*kCh
3.3 Splitting Elements NDN7[7E
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet tj' \tW+s'
3.5 Compounding an Element /p/]t,-j2
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses W_JlOc!y
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem bL0yuAwF2
3.8 Balancing Aberrations z0d.J1VW
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle = }~hWL
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces #$.;'#u'so
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design " s,1%Ltt
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation ?>VLTp8]
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance x'8x
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function FnwJ+GTu
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Pd8![Z3
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5 Lens Design Data l5~os>
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 4VHn \
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots u2tfF
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign EfqX
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5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF rjK%t|aV^
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots T; 4NRC
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot &j;wCvE4+
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6 Telescope Objective |NlO7aQ>2H
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet :@yEQ#nFp
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective [|v][Hwv
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective (|2t#'m
6.4 Spherochromatism z[N`s$;
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration }H53~@WP>
6.6 Induced Aberrations r-,%2y?
6.7 Three-Element Objectives G0Iw-vf
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) s9mx
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet hWjc<9
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design )705V|v
6.11 A Final Note IYv`IS"
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers a,,ex i
7.1 Eyepieces j;zM{qu_
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs $z6_@`[
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces ,CJWO bn3
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular ,KH#NY]
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces [+Iz@0q
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Q3'llOx
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier @NR>{Eg
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces y
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats p%ki>p )E|
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats PI {bmZ
8.2 Glass Choice N%@Qf~
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ROI7eU
8.4 Other Design Considerations 2Ah#<k-gC;
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens &C_j\7Dq
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet g _9C*
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet AI2)g1m
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses hPB9@hT$
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces rI{; I DV
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness )D
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9 Split Triplets M/f<A$xx_
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets gT.sjd
10.1 The Classic Tessar &u."A3(
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac `7E;VL^Y1
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ,>a&"V^k
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets [(i
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ]h`&&B qt
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats (TtkFo'!U
11.1 Meniscus Components +fB5w?Rg
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon zaIKdI'/e
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens tAd%#:K
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses XSB"{H>&
11.5 The Split Dagor n`_{9R
11.6 The Dogmar 5Pc;5
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 7~h<$8Y(T
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ma]F7dZ5
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version g/d<Zfq<{
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens #lo6c;*m5
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet @D[_}JE
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 2QcOR4_V
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element b~P`qj[
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar QO:!p5^:
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 1s&zMWC
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13 Telephoto Lenses *8 A
13.1 The Basic Telephoto x;KOqfawv
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses "S]0
13.3 Telephoto Designs q[_VuA]&
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch KZY}%il!`
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses }"H,h)T
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle .hb:s,0mP
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 3pROf#M
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses &m7]v,&
3ZPWze6
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ~vhE|f
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses u~:y\/Y6
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens FX&~\kmV'j
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens &|1<v<I5
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener qA7>vi%
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses &ywPuTt
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Ta0|+IYk<
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17 Microscope Objectives Rok7n1gW
17.1 General Considerations U}[d_f
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ?3,:-"(@p
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives | j`@eF/"
17.4 Reflecting Objectives uAq~=)F>,
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs -0 a/$h
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems <al(7
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors pj{`';
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18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems A`$%SVgFV^
18.3 Catadioptric Systems t|\%VC
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems {6|G@""O
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids gCS<iBT(7
18.6 Unobscured Systems /t57!&
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” t9` .bx8
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 3S@7]Pg
19.1 Infrared Optics 6<SAa#@ey
19.2 IR Objective Lenses xh,qNnGGi
19.3 IR Telescope \ a<h/4#|
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders }OR@~V{Gj
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems @V sG'
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses .V/Rfq
A RuA<vQ
20 Zoom Lenses P6`u._mX
20.1 Zoom Lenses bHYy }weZ
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras LgU_LcoM*
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens rQs)O<jl
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 8I?Wt
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20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 6r0krbN
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 6dt]`zv/
21.1 Projection TV Lenses BLdvyVFx
21.2 Macro Lenses l"T44CL;
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses Id'-&tYG
22.1 Monochromatic Systems B\=8_z
22.2 Scanner Lenses . B9iLI
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses u;"TTN
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23 Tolerance Budgeting KnQ*vM*VM
23.1 The Tolerance Budget 3?9IJ5p
23.2 Additive Tolerances RDi]2
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ~s*)f.l
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24 Formulary :yr+vcD?
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions =pO^7g
24.2 The Cardinal Points $\BE&4g
24.3 Image Equations <n];mfh1
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) cWaSn7p !X
24.5 Invariants [Cz-i
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) u#$]?($}d
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships n8
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24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions W?R6ZAn
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs u@UMP@"#
24.10 Stop Shift Equations eS\Vib
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces =_2jK0+}l
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) )e+>w=t
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Glossary 9gDkTYkj
Reference 2B[X,rL.pX
Index