"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 3bXfR,U
T)%6"rPL3!
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition &;pM<h
z. X
hE \
1 Introduction
[B`4I
1.1 Lens Design Books {$Uj&/IC
1.2 Reference Material bM5V=b_H
1.3 Specifications LLT6*up$
1.4 Lens Design ^fe,A=k~1
1.5 Lens Design Program Features '_V9FWDZ
1.6 About This Book ]P#W\LZp
SPRTJdaC9
2 Automatic Lens Design >q&5Z
2.2 The Merit Function }y+Qj6dP
2.3 Local Minima Tn/Z s|
2.4 The Landscape Lens ]T|$nwQ
2.5 Types of Merit Function ]Jm\k'u[
2.6 Stagnation N8df1>mW
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing ]\ !ka/%
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization pnE]B0e
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems %7 yQ0'P
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits g 8uq6U
2.11 Spectral Weighting :j .:t
2.12 How to Get Started M*qE)dZjS
kaQNcMcq
3 Improving a Design ;,6C&|n]w
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques DnJ `]r
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) y\uBVa<B
3.3 Splitting Elements &L5
)v\z
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet LxGD=b
3.5 Compounding an Element ^^7@khmNl
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses !QvmzuK
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem .tGz, z}
3.8 Balancing Aberrations S>h\D4.
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle h!JyFc
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces CJCxL\
0&fO)de96
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ,j`48S@
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation Yq51+\d
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance )-1e}VF(U
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations c1i:m'b_5
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 1goRO
4.5 Fabrication Considerations f OR9 N/
mRC3w(W
5 Lens Design Data 4Eu'_>"a
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Q|{b8K
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots wT- <#+L\
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 0wNlt#G;{
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF #BcUE?K*N
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ,D*bLXWh
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot @iV-pJ-
GRYw_}Aa
6 Telescope Objective ps:`rVQ7
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet J^7M0A4K
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective =^rp=
Az
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective <`=Kt[_BQ
6.4 Spherochromatism ,G46i)E\
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 5yK#;!:h
6.6 Induced Aberrations vX6JjE!
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Ri`6X_xU
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 4t
}wMOR
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ;A@DE@^5w
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design XC~"T6F
6.11 A Final Note -N^Ah_9ek
o938!jML_
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers G%l')e)9Gq
7.1 Eyepieces +x`pWH]2
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 1;c># 20
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces "|dhmV[;
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular '6){~ee
S
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces U`EOun,
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces xrBM`Bj0@
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier bcy
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces
X)iI]
|O>e=HC#q8
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats #o}/'
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats :w5g!G?z
8.2 Glass Choice ;>6~}lMgJ
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations {*hvzS{1d
8.4 Other Design Considerations N2}Y8aR~
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens Rzsu 7w
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 4XVwi<)
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet c-(dm:
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses /ivVqOo
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces fUY05OMZ
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness .-T P1C
B@ufrQ#Y.
9 Split Triplets c;"e&tW
9)S3{i6w
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets "\}h
10.1 The Classic Tessar R+K|K2"
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac {.e+?V2>_
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens |XG&[TI- "
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets d`flYNg4
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ;8&/JS N M
?0KIM*
.
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats d
oEuKT
11.1 Meniscus Components T+B-R\@t
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon u1UCe
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens hO3
q|SL
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ..nVViZ
11.5 The Split Dagor XY? Cl
11.6 The Dogmar 0L32sFy
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens wL:7G
O>nMeU
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens iJoYxx
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version +L'Cbv= "
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens :tnW ivrwR
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet xq,ql@7
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet BGj!/E
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element V0
Z8VqV
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar n^|xp;] :
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay `'XN2-M8
{`M\}(E
13 Telephoto Lenses }vY^eOK.
13.1 The Basic Telephoto rf@47H
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses w{L9-o3A
13.3 Telephoto Designs |1A0YjOD
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch !Z\Gv1
0n2H7}Uq
zd$?2y8
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses wM7Iu86
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle y*sVimx
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens *!
:j$n;
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses $*N(feAs
Y-1K'VhT
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses )h0>e9z>Y
4t%Lo2v!X%
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses I9xu3izAmR
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens LQ%QFfC
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 9__Q-J
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener IOC$jab@
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses [!3cWJCt
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems <=6F=u3PtU
}TZM@{;
17 Microscope Objectives {2T u_2>
17.1 General Considerations ,ZY\})`p
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front L..
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives n<FUaR>q}
17.4 Reflecting Objectives AsuugcN*
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs tg 'g R
-!5l4
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems )[UYCx'
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors wexX|B^u
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems z ULHgG
18.3 Catadioptric Systems OIw[sum2
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ^:ny
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids VE*`Ji
18.6 Unobscured Systems gn.)_
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” .9z}S=ZK
[hH>BEtm
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems UfO='&U^
19.1 Infrared Optics $'d,X@}8
19.2 IR Objective Lenses m*iSW]&
19.3 IR Telescope u^^jt(j
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders rc>}3?o
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems KI*bW e
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses T1Z*>(M
{0fQE@5@
20 Zoom Lenses wi.E$RckD
20.1 Zoom Lenses '
i5}`\
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras AEWrrE
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens go6;_
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens e8:O2!HW
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure `S?_=JIX
JS\]|~Gd
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ~Hg*vCd ?
21.1 Projection TV Lenses :wRfk*Ly
21.2 Macro Lenses /GJL&RMx
uuh._H}-
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses n|Y}M]u,
22.1 Monochromatic Systems C-,#t5eir
22.2 Scanner Lenses KX!/n`2u
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses n[i:$! ,
7iv g3*
23 Tolerance Budgeting w&es N$2
23.1 The Tolerance Budget x+%> 2qgj"
23.2 Additive Tolerances KC9VQeSc
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget o,J8n;"l
5oB#{h
24 Formulary fo>_*6i74
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions IvQuxs&a
24.2 The Cardinal Points :~s*yznf
24.3 Image Equations As^eL/m2L
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) #ifjQ7(:
24.5 Invariants ih75C"
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) bYhG`1,$-a
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships Lq6nmjL
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions 4wEkxCWp/
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 2t?>0)*m
24.10 Stop Shift Equations Ag(JSVY
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ;<0~^,Xm
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Y37qjV
B
'd@ms
4pcIH5)z
Glossary (&V*~OR
Reference S @!z'$&
Index