"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith z>'vS+axV
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 5Z=GFKf|
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1 Introduction g(G$*#}o8A
1.1 Lens Design Books ]c]^(C
1.2 Reference Material 9XUk.Nek
1.3 Specifications v`p@djM
1.4 Lens Design XQtV$Lw
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Zvra > %
1.6 About This Book u}rJqZ
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2 Automatic Lens Design u7 <VD
2.2 The Merit Function p=|S%
2.3 Local Minima .*z$vl
2.4 The Landscape Lens sN) xNz
2.5 Types of Merit Function RS@G.|
2.6 Stagnation SA%)xGRW
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing BaMF5f+
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization :lK8i{o
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems lAo4)
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 7 ;2>kgf~
2.11 Spectral Weighting X0]$Ovq( l
2.12 How to Get Started F'JT7#eX
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3 Improving a Design Z&7Yl(|
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques }j!C+i
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) B$7Cjv
3.3 Splitting Elements /-(OJN5F^
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ,F+,A].wG
3.5 Compounding an Element |qU~({=b
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 6uX,J(V,
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem ZkNet>9
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Tr;&bX5]H
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle h<n 2pz}
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces z.OJ1vY7
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design %MEWw
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation |;I"Oc.w^R
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 2Zg%4/u,Zp
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations ^g.HJQ'vF
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function }FX:sa?5
4.5 Fabrication Considerations *?>52 -&b
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5 Lens Design Data ;*d?Qe:
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Q!I><u
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots :8N{;aui
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign K~fWZT3]
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF }Nma %6PfV
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots =Q6JXp
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot
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6 Telescope Objective (
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6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet w{4#Q[
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective o
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6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 1O1MB&5%
6.4 Spherochromatism G+\&8fi0
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration |D[LU[<C
6.6 Induced Aberrations Jyp7+M]
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 8x 8nQ*_
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) Fc|N6I'o
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet :4LWm<P
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design z$Qy<_l
6.11 A Final Note EOS[MjX+J
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers Dv4 H^
7.1 Eyepieces /03?(n= 3
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs PtGFLM9R
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces IBW-[lr7
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular \{qtdTd
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces .}E@7^X
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces JZJb&q){
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier JM53sx4&
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces (-@I'CFd
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats ~
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats $8Z4jo
8.2 Glass Choice j@4]0o
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations *o<|^,R
8.4 Other Design Considerations &4*f28 s
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens j{/5i`5m
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Ci2*5n<
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet CX;
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8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses ?!3u?Kd
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces X9C:AGbp
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness |\)Y,~;P
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9 Split Triplets ET%F+
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets T iJ \J{
10.1 The Classic Tessar 7Q~$&G
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ?ea5k*#a
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets y`cL3
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10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar cmY `$=
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats *g4Uo{
11.1 Meniscus Components J8[aVG
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 7'ws: #pC
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens -<tTT
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses Dj3,SJ*x
11.5 The Split Dagor (aB:P03
11.6 The Dogmar Pu'lp
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens qVvnl
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ?iL-2I3*
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version (Sj<>xgd
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens N5tFEV'G
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet c]|Tg9AW
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 8[a N5M]
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element >}d6)s|
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar J@J`)
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay yP34h*0B
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13 Telephoto Lenses $-(lp0\*
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ]#r Nz"
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses WY26Iq@C
13.3 Telephoto Designs |{rhks~
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch %Kh}6
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ~$1g"jIw
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle r'@7aT&_
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens SXV2Y-
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses C\ 34R
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses oMNBK/X_
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses BiZYGq
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens %-|$7?~
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens u_*y~1^0
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 1`Uu;mz
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses .4y44: T
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems d^"|ESQEU
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17 Microscope Objectives !VHw*fL|r
17.1 General Considerations d-I=xpB
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front MI`<U:-lP
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives G%CS1#
17.4 Reflecting Objectives q{!ft9|K\d
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs zXe]P(p<
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems HLqDI lL
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors w ;:{
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems @J6V,
18.3 Catadioptric Systems UAC"jy1D
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ^ JU#_
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids z\K-KD{Ad
18.6 Unobscured Systems BNixp[Hc
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” qI[AsM+
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems #5X+.!L
19.1 Infrared Optics Yv[<c!\
19.2 IR Objective Lenses @2+'s;mUV
19.3 IR Telescope `U>]*D68
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders .RbPO#(
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems u!McPM8Yk
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 3X9
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20 Zoom Lenses ];u nR<H
20.1 Zoom Lenses $wk(4W8E
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ZtpbKy!\$B
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens j<h0`v
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens v5W-f0Jo
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure m4R:KjN*
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses _t6.9CXl
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Zy>y7O(,
21.2 Macro Lenses o3le[6C/8=
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses %KR2Vlh0
22.1 Monochromatic Systems Bey9P)_Of
22.2 Scanner Lenses }50s\H._C
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 5+/XO>P1m|
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23 Tolerance Budgeting ~;oaW<"
23.1 The Tolerance Budget +,eF(VS!
23.2 Additive Tolerances )Zfb M|
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget so@ijl4{Z
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24 Formulary @680.+Kw
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions &p55Cg@e)
24.2 The Cardinal Points VrJf g
24.3 Image Equations I8\R7s3
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) '.7ER
24.5 Invariants ZD<e$PxxCd
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 2rM/kF >g
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships S]gV! Q4%
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ",S146Y+
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs kU{a!ca4
24.10 Stop Shift Equations }?9 A:&
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces i8=+<d
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 3k:`7E.
12}!oS~_
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Glossary c']m5q39'
Reference +]e) :J
Index