"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ^'Y HJEK
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition
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1 Introduction mtX31 M4
1.1 Lens Design Books WG\Q5k4Ba
1.2 Reference Material vX 1W@s
1.3 Specifications >uW^.e "F
1.4 Lens Design y9ip[Xn-$:
1.5 Lens Design Program Features |?yE ^$a
1.6 About This Book ) w3
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v^\JWPR/
2 Automatic Lens Design )r#,M L
2.2 The Merit Function W1`Dx(g
2.3 Local Minima 4v>o%
2.4 The Landscape Lens jm+ blB^%K
2.5 Types of Merit Function F {/>u(@3
2.6 Stagnation ,z oB0([
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 9BO|1 {
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization r;'i<t{P
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 1wlVz#f.
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits y:C)%cv}*
2.11 Spectral Weighting bl`D+/V
2.12 How to Get Started Qxky^:B
!YY 6o
V
3 Improving a Design zF?31\GOX
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques "R 8.P/ 3
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) y]7 %$*
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3.3 Splitting Elements (H P z
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet `ReGnT[
3.5 Compounding an Element 6UO$z- e
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses L7<+LA)s0
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 'H!V54
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3.8 Balancing Aberrations 2'Y{FY_Z
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle [0wP\{%
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces <c(&T<$
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design o:H'r7N
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation L,WkJe3
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance w"BIv9N
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations D(!;V
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ygMd$0:MN
4.5 Fabrication Considerations [z^Od
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5 Lens Design Data ]W+)ee|D
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs El {r$-}
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots > n1h ^AW
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign Shs')Zs bv
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF @`5QG2
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots VZHr-z$6n
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot g %ZdIKj!
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6 Telescope Objective "oHp.$+K
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet /9P^{ OZ;y
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective ::v;)VdX+*
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective b/z'`?[
6.4 Spherochromatism re]%f"v:5
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 1k$2LQ
6.6 Induced Aberrations `(P
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6.7 Three-Element Objectives 3x P~~j;7
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 3\,MsoAl
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ?n2C
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design K4_~ruhr
6.11 A Final Note E N)Yo Vk
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers Ih(:HFRMq6
7.1 Eyepieces : 2 _ 0L
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs Ob7zu"zr
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces _cR6ik zW(
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular #,t2*tM
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces K1/
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7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces L7X7Zt8%
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier BQ).`f";d
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces "&@gX_%
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats yVT&rQ"{
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats hJecCOA)'
8.2 Glass Choice D% oueW
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations n/xXQ7y
8.4 Other Design Considerations a:=q8Qy
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens m"5{D*|
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet lq~Gc M
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet "w>rlsT<O
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses f KFnCng
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces Vp|2w lFE-
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness =g/4{IL %
9
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9 Split Triplets ~o:rM/!Ba
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets eVJ= .?r
10.1 The Classic Tessar O 5g}2
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac J>><o:~@
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens !>CE(;E>z
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 2O?Vr "
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10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar /7c2OI=\
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats sGXp}{E9
11.1 Meniscus Components fx]\) 0n
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon OD{5m(JwL
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 3ye K@ >C
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses QIR4<]/
11.5 The Split Dagor {CW1t5$*
11.6 The Dogmar ,Y`'myL8W
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 3 %z
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ='7er.~\
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version D."cQ<sxpN
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ^`l"'6
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet lo\: ]/&6
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet :({-0& &_
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element Q&oC]u(="&
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar Q2JdO 6[96
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay $ \? N<W
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13 Telephoto Lenses TX< e_[$\
13.1 The Basic Telephoto pWWL{@ J
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses JoZqLy!@
13.3 Telephoto Designs l t@
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch _<u8%\
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses *ah>-}-
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ( rA\_FOJ
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 2#>$%[
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses * ge].E
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses \[Sm2/9v
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ZA *b9W
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 9oZ }
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16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 8QkWgd7y
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener )e4WAlg8c
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses J!21`M-Ue
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems N&6_8=3z
qZT 4+&y
17 Microscope Objectives
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17.1 General Considerations /#S4espE
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front nz ,Mqol
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ig2{lEkF
17.4 Reflecting Objectives .V5q$5j
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs $nUd\B$.=
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems OaD
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18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ?noE TH z)
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems \iFMU#
18.3 Catadioptric Systems {] t\`fjrg
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems c8bca`
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids t9Enk!@
18.6 Unobscured Systems ikEWY_1Y
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ua]\xBWx
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems / |4Q9=
19.1 Infrared Optics W~X V
19.2 IR Objective Lenses v`[Tl
19.3 IR Telescope = :xV(GK }
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 2*~JMbm
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems R-r+=x&
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses %Y)PH-z
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20 Zoom Lenses fZka% [B
20.1 Zoom Lenses ?$"x^=te7
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras Hrd 5p+j
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens H(5S K v5
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens ]p4`7@@)*
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure f7EIDFX>pt
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses rh:s
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses 2]of SdM
21.2 Macro Lenses 8{}Pj
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses ?/`C~e<J
22.1 Monochromatic Systems p`E|SNt/W
22.2 Scanner Lenses J[j/aDdP
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ~6@ c]:
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23 Tolerance Budgeting Nt`F0
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget @1pW!AdN
23.2 Additive Tolerances &X#x9|=&O
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ;Zx K3/(7
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24 Formulary ({d,oU$> y
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions }$&T
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24.2 The Cardinal Points :,h=2a_ 8
24.3 Image Equations XhlI|h-j
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ZXssvjWQV}
24.5 Invariants 7' :5
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) *@bg/S
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24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships "xvV'&lQ
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions CI~hm L0
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs dyQ<UT
24.10 Stop Shift Equations |!4B Wt
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces z. _C*c
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) :)A.E}G
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Glossary t?%}hs\!
Reference FT3, k&i
Index
