"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith F ^G`Jf
6i9I 4*'
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition (3r,PS@Qq@
7Ej#7\TB]
1 Introduction WA5kX SdIb
1.1 Lens Design Books 3'e 4{
1.2 Reference Material m8^2k2
1.3 Specifications u.Yb#?
1.4 Lens Design h5keYBA
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 6lAo`S\)eX
1.6 About This Book
l>?vjy65
1H
6Wrik
2 Automatic Lens Design s9bP6N!,
2.2 The Merit Function \^LR5S&
2.3 Local Minima Ud*[2Oi|R
2.4 The Landscape Lens 8|Y^Jn\p5u
2.5 Types of Merit Function *bSG48W("
2.6 Stagnation K3D $
hb
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing S$On$]~\"
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization If Cqezd
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems o9\m? ~g!E
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits J vsB^F.4
2.11 Spectral Weighting v[3sg2.
2.12 How to Get Started +[[gU;U"v
5c7a\J9>
3 Improving a Design
H,~In2Z
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques p' } %pAY
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) e"/X*xA
3.3 Splitting Elements :C6r N}_k
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet #8OqX*/
3.5 Compounding an Element ,sl.:C 4
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses )d `$2D&iY
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 7Z3 q aXPH
3.8 Balancing Aberrations k8V0-.UL}
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle gN QJ :!
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces h8Si,W 3o
'=* 5C{
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design x&Rp
m<4
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation K$]B"
s
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance { rn~D5R
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations )D*xOajo+l
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function e5KF ~ 0`
4.5 Fabrication Considerations s%|J (0
V'/%)oU\"
5 Lens Design Data \s'6 ) _
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs >WX'oP(<
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots v 4aGL<SO
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign ]XyJ7esg
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ,-kZ5&r
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 3)\qt s5
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot +-d>Sl (
miSC '!
6 Telescope Objective Njje g 9 f
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet kzXW<V9
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Q.\ovk~,a
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective .X1niguXH
6.4 Spherochromatism 2fB@zF
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration -',Y; 0b%
6.6 Induced Aberrations
j"s ( ?
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ')c u/
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) .`XA6e(8KR
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet cTp+M L
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design B,T .bgp\
6.11 A Final Note ?]N&H90^5
?V sZo6Z"
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers 1| DI'e[X
7.1 Eyepieces DmsloPB?_
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs l Ud,-
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces |\t_I~de
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular pE N`&'4
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 7F\g3^ z9`
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces % BKTN@;7
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier
H'.eq ZM
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces [~w cHE
& YNhKm@"
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats nv]64mL3
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats GkFNL M5'
8.2 Glass Choice v cH DFi
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 'P#I< ?vB
8.4 Other Design Considerations [f}1wZ*
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens JnDR(s4(E
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet .O^ |MhBJu
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet D=Y HJ>-wB
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses H< "j3qt
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ,<7f5qg "'
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness w5Xdq_e3
t {}1 f
9 Split Triplets psVRdluS
O"Q=66.CR
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets &#l M$7/
10.1 The Classic Tessar OH w6#N$\
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac kn.z8%^ (
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens &Is%I<'o
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets iVcBD0 q)
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar XEI]T~
{ex ]_V>
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats nDvWOt
11.1 Meniscus Components ; o\wSHc
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon W +E2({
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens K0]Wb=v
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses BJ5#!I%h
11.5 The Split Dagor $B2@mC([S
11.6 The Dogmar h!
<8=V(
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens DI\sq8J^
xjpW<-)MLf
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ra 1hdf0"
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 5tL6R3
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens vKeK]
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet C0M{ zGT>}
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet z$NLFJvy_-
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element va0
a4s1O
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar VbjFQ@[l!
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay ?:E;C<Ar
Syk^7l
13 Telephoto Lenses w#XJ!f6*_9
13.1 The Basic Telephoto VWi -)
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses `
T!O
)5
13.3 Telephoto Designs X {$gdz8S9
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch ~EB ZlTN
`6/7},"9t
k 8TMdWW
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses IYWD_}_
$
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ?S_S.Bd
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens v:chr$>j5
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses - M]C- $
;3!TOY"j;e
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses -[ =`bHo
&Ru6Yt0W
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses a'Z"Yz^Eo
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ]q j%6tz
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens MAXdgL[]
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener <
5ow81
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses !q X 7
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ]O[f#lG
&e(de$}xt
17 Microscope Objectives S%4 K-I
17.1 General Considerations y!#1A? |k
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front Oj:`r*z43
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives E-x(5^b"
17.4 Reflecting Objectives (8I0%n}.Zo
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs >g?,BK@
;23F8M%wH
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems |
8 AH_Fk
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors oDC3AK&
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ,MLPVDN*D
18.3 Catadioptric Systems O/Fzw^
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems J wO+Dd
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids N5_v}<CN
18.6 Unobscured Systems 'D1@+FFU0
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” =X`/.:%|[
GXAcy OV
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems f /jN $p
19.1 Infrared Optics i@2?5U>h
19.2 IR Objective Lenses a}wB7B;,g
19.3 IR Telescope 1G\ugLm
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders n8?gZ` W
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems
np ~oF
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses {M=tw
I=1tf;Bsi
20 Zoom Lenses 1}(g =S
20.1 Zoom Lenses xzy9~) )o
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 8Vq,J :+
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens p\(%bO
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens W>"i0p
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ;{>z\6N
QoqdPk#1
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 03,+uf
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ? 0%lB=qQ
21.2 Macro Lenses (\Dd9a8V-
"^u|vCqw
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses <'/+E4m
22.1 Monochromatic Systems 0c]Lm?&
22.2 Scanner Lenses fD!O
a K
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 4Ld0AApncy
mFvw s
23 Tolerance Budgeting _ -EHG
23.1 The Tolerance Budget lVqvS/_k$
23.2 Additive Tolerances 6Up,B=sX0
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget @]A4 {
tUt l>>6Iu
24 Formulary ~ oOOCB
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions <uA|nYpp
24.2 The Cardinal Points Jl}$) '
24.3 Image Equations Q.!8q3`
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) iJq}tIk#2'
24.5 Invariants f$P pFSY4
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) md<%Z4+
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships N?~K9jGx(
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ;'nu9FU*O
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs W1Ht8uYG3
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ~_R=2t{u _
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces }lWEbQ)(!
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Xh){ W~ -
`/ #6k>
o\2#o5#
Glossary $ZE OE8.\
Reference %GAEZH,2sG
Index
