"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith w[?E
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition GN@(!V#/4
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1 Introduction iBy
^
1.1 Lens Design Books Mh*^@_h?
1.2 Reference Material Y+e a
1.3 Specifications 6xAR:
1.4 Lens Design \KT}T
1.5 Lens Design Program Features hF7#i_UN<
1.6 About This Book P xiJ R[a
M_EXA _
2 Automatic Lens Design UsBtk
2.2 The Merit Function
9M!J7 W
2.3 Local Minima $ru()/pI)z
2.4 The Landscape Lens n0<I
2.5 Types of Merit Function KiO1l{.s8n
2.6 Stagnation t&L+]I'P3
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing |XoW
Z,K
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization k\`~v$R3
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems )TV{n#n
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits @"gWvs
2.11 Spectral Weighting B|(M xR6m
2.12 How to Get Started \oc*
C
lekB
3 Improving a Design Zm~oV?6
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 6N {|;R@2
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) % C.I2J`_
3.3 Splitting Elements K`#bLCXEV0
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet yttIA/
3.5 Compounding an Element wJKP=$6n_
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses y?*4SLy
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem pQf5s7
3.8 Balancing Aberrations 5
Yf
T
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle yPhTCr5pK
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces z6f N)kw
hd)HJb-aR
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design )mF;^3
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 5$.e5y<&(
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance -k I;yL
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations YdNmnB%J
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function )T26cT$
4.5 Fabrication Considerations CBvvvgI o
E ) iEWc
5 Lens Design Data haW*W=kv)
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs j`A 3N7;
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 6o!Y^^/U
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign iR(jCD?) Y
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF !w}cKm
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ytg' {)
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot a-<&(jV
B8sc;Z.
6 Telescope Objective Wz]ny3K[.
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet
ROc)LCA
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective #2\
0#HN
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective d"Aer
6.4 Spherochromatism zv}3Sl@
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration lZ![?t}2`
6.6 Induced Aberrations uiQR RT
6.7 Three-Element Objectives y2:~_MD
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) M8HHyV[AmC
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Gl@}b\TB
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design @0{vA\
6.11 A Final Note 8Z:T.Gc
E+$%88
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers PH]/*LEj
7.1 Eyepieces qZz?i
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ,q|;`?R;
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces g=5vnY
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular :497]c3#5C
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces U3UDA
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 3+>;$
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier g4-UBDtYt
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces [x\?._>
y(w&6:
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats #'&&&_Hu3
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats rE[:j2HF
8.2 Glass Choice VQ,;~^Td
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations Y)oF;ko:
8.4 Other Design Considerations "0ZBPp1q
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 'W2B**}
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet B
!}/4"
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet `: R7jf
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses Z>t,B%v
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces v3q.,I_
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness j{?ogFfi
xh) h#p.
9 Split Triplets g&<3Kl
z:7
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Y_SB3 $])
10.1 The Classic Tessar &}q;,"
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac rOyKugHe
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens [')C]YQb=
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets c ?H@HoF
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar @cC@(M~Ru
A0f98?j^
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats _d`)N
11.1 Meniscus Components %Xfy.v
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon @7j$$
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens QRL+-)DMc
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses a2!;$B%
11.5 The Split Dagor J%mtlA
11.6 The Dogmar [d^ [Y:I'\
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens b Y^K)0+^s
:)eU)r"s4
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens $(=0J*ND"
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version }3DZ`8u
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Fk*C8
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet zHu w[
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet L55VS:'
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element |q+dTy_n
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 7(W"NF{r
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay |JVp(Kx
IB%Hv]
13 Telephoto Lenses E-?@9!2
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13.1 The Basic Telephoto }VDJ
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses HV}*}Ty
13.3 Telephoto Designs YM<F7tp4
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch +{dJGPoY]p
P'<D0
hqwDlapTt
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses N6thbH@
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle sb"h:i>O4
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens nKu)j3o`
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses id:6O+\
@||GMA+|
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses t8_i[Hw6D
kX8Ey
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses xwjiNJ Gj
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens g* DBW,
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ul!e!^qwx
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 57`*5X
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses <#%kmYSL
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems JuM4Njz|
{wwkbc*
17 Microscope Objectives H5X.CcI&}
17.1 General Considerations 9JBVG~m+
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front G'c6%;0)
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ,he1WjL
17.4 Reflecting Objectives U%u%_{-
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs S>nf]J`
G+V?c1Me
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ]7:*A7/!.
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors cOrFe;8-.
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems jx[g;7~X
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ~;D5j ) 9I
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems .h=H?Hr(V]
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids &T&>4I!'M
18.6 Unobscured Systems xI(t!aYp
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” gl>%ADOB@
qx2M"uFJ
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems L/*K4xQ
19.1 Infrared Optics a"bael
19.2 IR Objective Lenses RM6*c
.
19.3 IR Telescope JK9 J;c#T
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders o%_Hmd;_'
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems K!jMW
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses lSK<LytB
i{2ny$55h
20 Zoom Lenses ||^+(
20.1 Zoom Lenses >(BAIjF
E\
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras TJ+,G4z
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens FQqk+P!
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens `Ti?hQm/
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure =PAsyj
Qoom[@$
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses '8V>:dy>
21.1 Projection TV Lenses F*J@OY8i
21.2 Macro Lenses mr<camL5
<BX'Owbs!O
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses owKOH{otf
22.1 Monochromatic Systems b 67l\L
22.2 Scanner Lenses 4ztU) 1
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses %Gc)$z/Wd
:@]%n~x
23 Tolerance Budgeting i&Xjbcbp
23.1 The Tolerance Budget 5Zy%Nam'gN
23.2 Additive Tolerances ~tB#Q6`nB
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget hzV= 7
/M5R<rl
24 Formulary ck\TTNA
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions BVe c
24.2 The Cardinal Points .
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24.3 Image Equations A|
s\5"??
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) |$G|M=*LN
24.5 Invariants 4"d'iY
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) "fOxS\er
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships [Nv)37|W
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions QUKv :;
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs <}('w/
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 1;"DIsz@d
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces gH:+$FA
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Ux+UcBKm-
Sgq" 3(+%,
{N'<_%cu
Glossary >eucQ]
Reference I08W I u
Index