"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ES;7_ .q
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition PM=Q\0
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1 Introduction hW~,Uqy
1.1 Lens Design Books ]\v'1m"
1.2 Reference Material 6ALf`:
1.3 Specifications `5r*4N<
1.4 Lens Design IU{~{(p"
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 2ELw}9
1.6 About This Book 2L[/.|
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2 Automatic Lens Design %DqF_4U 9
2.2 The Merit Function `pn]jpW9
2.3 Local Minima X)e6Y{vO
2.4 The Landscape Lens U)=StpTT
2.5 Types of Merit Function Gx|$A+U
2.6 Stagnation s_hf,QH
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing H~i+:X=I
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization Op" \i
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems D(Pd?iQIO
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits R61.!ql%w
2.11 Spectral Weighting ]ctUl#j
2.12 How to Get Started [uT&sZxmg
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3 Improving a Design y"#o9"&>&
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques lE78Yl]
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) }y(1mzb
3.3 Splitting Elements SpdQ<]
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet }N]|zCEj
3.5 Compounding an Element k:Da+w_'1
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses y1p^
&9 U
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem M n`gd#
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Y/2@PzA|
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle "o*(i7T=n
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces :XxsD D
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design O]DZb+O"
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation ZN~:^,PO/
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance %{!*)V\
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations x~j>Lvw L
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function %E}f7GT4
4.5 Fabrication Considerations f>k]{W Y
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5 Lens Design Data <.HX_z3l
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Di5eD,N
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots \hai
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign ( n;# Z,
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF #K.OJJaG
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots @Hw#O33/'
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot i^eU!^KF
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6 Telescope Objective RZ#b)l
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet w! ,~#hbt6
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective u27K
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6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective -"Wp L2qD
6.4 Spherochromatism >B<jR$`6@
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration @d:TAwOI'
6.6 Induced Aberrations Azvj(j
6.7 Three-Element Objectives bCHJLtDQ
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) l
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6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet m X{_B!j^
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design sgu#`@o
6.11 A Final Note 0"o%=i;
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers pyhC%EZU
7.1 Eyepieces )ZC0/>R
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ]&w8"q
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces uDvZ]Q|.
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular F`IV9qv
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces [0<N[KZ)
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces f40 xS7-Q0
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier m>B^w)&C
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces ;*>Y8^K&Q
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats m%hI@'
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats <Dojl
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8.2 Glass Choice C +S
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations mX66}s}#
8.4 Other Design Considerations 3]"RaI4Q0
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens i,|2F9YH
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet @'>h P
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet k|Mj|pqA
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses l&}3M
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces HjCcfOej
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness #~QkS_
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9 Split Triplets ]yI~S(
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets F7[ 55RcP
10.1 The Classic Tessar 'b(V8x
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac vdA3
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ZyAm:yO
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ?=$=c8xw
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar $0+n0*fp
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats x[L/d"Wf
11.1 Meniscus Components )vWI{Q]r
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon [C_Dv-d
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens "A?&`}%
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses .YOC|\
11.5 The Split Dagor LWwWxerZ
11.6 The Dogmar 0P)"_x_
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens X'[93
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens o}QtKf)W
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version Ujb7uho
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens =VXxQ\{
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet DVC<P}/
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet BuwJR
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12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element y*K]z
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar |a!y%R=
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay lHl1Ny\?
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13 Telephoto Lenses 2g'o5B\*
13.1 The Basic Telephoto nG Bjxhl
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 8<#S:O4kA
13.3 Telephoto Designs zNg8Oq&
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 2o5Pbdel
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses o]gS=iLp
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 3/d`s0O
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens Dq$co1eT
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses JY6&CL`C
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses j=>:{`*c
? |}%A9
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ~r%>x
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens uIeD.I'@{5
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ?U^h:n
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener (bT3
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16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ;giW
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems P%%[_6<%M
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17 Microscope Objectives 85fv] )\y
17.1 General Considerations OsSGVk #Qh
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front estDW1i)
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives %+Az
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives aM2[<m}
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs f*uD9l%/
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems N7}Y\1-8
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors P R{y84$
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems Gd=l{~
18.3 Catadioptric Systems gr&Rkuyfv
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems +[2X@J
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids J3;dRW
18.6 Unobscured Systems 0SJ7QRo|K
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” LEM^8G]O
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems <kY||
19.1 Infrared Optics JE[+
19.2 IR Objective Lenses $hCPmiI
19.3 IR Telescope ab5uZ0@
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 4t Z. T9d
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems ku`bwS
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses HJV8P2f8`
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20 Zoom Lenses GiF})e}
20.1 Zoom Lenses tOu:j [
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras E#cW3\)
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 6Eu&%`
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 4h[S`;D0Vf
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ~582'-=+
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 4
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses Q302!N
21.2 Macro Lenses O8J:Tw}M*
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses S dI/
22.1 Monochromatic Systems 9gz"r
22.2 Scanner Lenses &dC #nw
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses X?F$jX|c
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23 Tolerance Budgeting
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget te+5@k#t
23.2 Additive Tolerances .QhH!#Y2D
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget gw1|
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24 Formulary X>
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24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions &M,"%w!
24.2 The Cardinal Points SwDUg}M~
24.3 Image Equations >QusXD"L>
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ;-G!jWt6Zi
24.5 Invariants yk5T"#'+
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) p2=Sbb
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships ,8F?v~C
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions MI!JZI$z5
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs L-ZJ[#D
24.10 Stop Shift Equations zn4Yo
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces @QAyXwp
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) J)l]<##
G0^O7w^5
GM/3*S$c
Glossary lRn6Zh
Reference 'z#{'`$a
Index