"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ~\c]!%)o
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition /I3#WUc;![
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1 Introduction h1Ca9Z_
1.1 Lens Design Books
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1.2 Reference Material /H=fK
1.3 Specifications @ba5iIt
1.4 Lens Design N0h"EV[
1.5 Lens Design Program Features +pJ;}+
1.6 About This Book Dcq\1V.e`W
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2 Automatic Lens Design ti)foam
2.2 The Merit Function AG2iLictv
2.3 Local Minima ,qak_bP
2.4 The Landscape Lens gOZ$rv^g
2.5 Types of Merit Function IBY3QG
2.6 Stagnation b+\jFGC%6=
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing z]> 0A
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization XB-pOtVm
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems kIV/o
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 12aAO|]/~
2.11 Spectral Weighting :cop0;X:Wm
2.12 How to Get Started MN|y5w}$u
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3 Improving a Design qtTys gv
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques |QJ!5nb
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 8w~I(2S:#
3.3 Splitting Elements !}^c.<38Q
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet }`4o+
3.5 Compounding an Element %-|Po:6
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 0 ]U
;5
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem Xvm.Un<N
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Gd`qZqx#
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle b5
YE4h8%
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces Nhn5 iN1*
'i_od|19~h
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design X%xX3e'
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation {IJV(%E
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance JQ'NFl9<
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations QfB \h[A
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function Lw?4xerLsb
4.5 Fabrication Considerations e|+U7=CK
e~c;wP~cO
5 Lens Design Data 1agyT
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Q <EFd
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 8HdmG{7.
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign Ck2O?Ne
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF fQlR;4QX]
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots xA#B1qbw
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot BV$lMLD{r
xj)*K%re
6 Telescope Objective cUaLv1:HI
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet p-UACMN&c
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Ttb@98
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 1?`,h6d*=
6.4 Spherochromatism |:`f#H
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration -]R7[5C:
6.6 Induced Aberrations T.GY
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ]|( (&Y
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) ?C//UN;
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 0tm%Kd
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design K_oBSa`
6.11 A Final Note QS,IM>Nr
VjSb>k
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers @3c5"
7.1 Eyepieces y'xB? >|
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 3zp)!QJi
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces Y<X%'Wd\
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular li8l+5d q
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces Am%zEt$c
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Zaf] .R
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier @a)@1:=Rm
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces [Oe$E5qv)]
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats C[gCwDwl
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats !]&a/$U
8.2 Glass Choice +|).dm
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations Xz4!#,z/
8.4 Other Design Considerations 9
bYoWw
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ^q_0(Vf
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet r5Jy( ~
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet 4~hd{8
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses k/=J<?h0
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces (]^9>3{|
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness E< "aUnI
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9 Split Triplets \eH~1@\S
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets DbP!wU lqR
10.1 The Classic Tessar HvN!_}[
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac Bjq1za
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 63QMv[`,
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets
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10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar )7Gm<r
D3$PvX[f
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats )9 5&-Hs
11.1 Meniscus Components kjfZ*V=-
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon &Vg+n0
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens @X?DHLM
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses L
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11.5 The Split Dagor h^D?G2O
11.6 The Dogmar fAm^-uq[
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens SGre[+m~m
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens _(5SiK R
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version qxf!]jm
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens F?\XhoJ3G
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet msM
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Xa=oryDt
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element yhJH3<
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 6x)7=_:0
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay *9y)B|P^
q,F\8M\$
13 Telephoto Lenses D)U
9xA)J
13.1 The Basic Telephoto I;<0v@
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 9u ^PM
13.3 Telephoto Designs I'HPy.PV
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch ;e415T
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses Yrs7F.Y"
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle , 7KP
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens JS<S?j?*/
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses $wg5q\Rv
KiAWr-~gJ
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses >!848J
zsFzF`[k
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses njtz,qt_;G
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ~7+7{9g
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens T$%r?p(s
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener "s]r"(MX
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Ok2KTsVl
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems %V71W3>6WS
pYf57u
17 Microscope Objectives 1DgRV7
17.1 General Considerations z`$jxSLm
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front (RVe,0y
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ^\
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives {L~j;p_G&
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 7rQwn2XD{
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems u^|c_5J(
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors a?jUm.
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems YbtsJ
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems :dq.@:+<R
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 9uR+
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids V[ju7\>$Z
18.6 Unobscured Systems g%Bh-O9\
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Wip@MGtJ
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 7]W6\Z
19.1 Infrared Optics #(swVo:+E
19.2 IR Objective Lenses %jk7JDvl
19.3 IR Telescope x1H1[0w,i
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 'yxN1JF
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems H3-(.l[!b)
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses B-^r0/y;
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20 Zoom Lenses 9<n2-l|)
20.1 Zoom Lenses @<kY,ox@~
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras oCfO:7
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens & "i4og<
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens GsIVx!
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure #1*#3p9UL
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses yq. <,b=87
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ICck 0S!
21.2 Macro Lenses RO+ jVY~H-
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses JfD-CoQS'
22.1 Monochromatic Systems e}dGK=`
22.2 Scanner Lenses .3
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses m)AF9#aT2
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23 Tolerance Budgeting &!P' M
23.1 The Tolerance Budget @)#EZQi x
23.2 Additive Tolerances RW~!)^
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget .~$!BWP
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24 Formulary nQGl]2
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions Cj%n?-
24.2 The Cardinal Points e!W U
24.3 Image Equations cWtuI(.
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) [Ef6@
24.5 Invariants mR|L'[l
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) I(<9e"1O
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships |L/EH~| O
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions [)+wke9
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs e,kxg^
24.10 Stop Shift Equations :FT x#cZ
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces (+yH
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ziDvDu=
b5Q|$E
Mj&G5R~_
Glossary uMx6:
Reference xXf,j#`"
Index