"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith p6k'Q
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 7.1E mJ
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1 Introduction >|o9ggL`J5
1.1 Lens Design Books 0f}Q~d=QL
1.2 Reference Material 'frL/[S
1.3 Specifications =g>7|?6>=
1.4 Lens Design Qd)cFL"v
1.5 Lens Design Program Features m^u&g&^
1.6 About This Book ?}>Z_ ("
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2 Automatic Lens Design *t-A6)2
2.2 The Merit Function $}"Wta
2.3 Local Minima =A&*SE o5
2.4 The Landscape Lens Hn'2'Vu
2.5 Types of Merit Function @ke})0`5
2.6 Stagnation uJ5%JB("E
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing r+.4|u
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ]TZWFL-
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems +AC-f2
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits
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2.11 Spectral Weighting [ BC%$Sj
2.12 How to Get Started |>fS"u
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3 Improving a Design b)`#^uxxJ
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ALieUf
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) gm\o>YclS
3.3 Splitting Elements O0*L9C/Q
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet +mW$D@Pf
3.5 Compounding an Element H5MAN,`
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses r^tXr[}
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem JhXN8Bq33
3.8 Balancing Aberrations yt#;3
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 6XCX#4'i%
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces lJ1xx }k{U
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design bFxJ|
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation &)}:Y!qiu
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ]Sx=y<
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations Lj* =*V
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function (GOrfr
4.5 Fabrication Considerations kITmo"$K
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5 Lens Design Data v2=!*
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs J9t? ]9.,:
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots yacGJz^f=
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 3EX&.OL!
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF UNLNY,P/!)
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots $P9$ ,w4
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot QgM_SY|Rj
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6 Telescope Objective V~"d`j
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet R6o<p<fTh
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective &fhurzzAm
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective r&~iEO|?\
6.4 Spherochromatism dnc!=Z89
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration _llaH
6.6 Induced Aberrations 2s ,n!u
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6.7 Three-Element Objectives k3h53QTmC
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) Dk6\p~q
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 0c6AQP"=V
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design YHtI%
6.11 A Final Note QjbPBk Q
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers a8P6-)W
7.1 Eyepieces mzR
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7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs b<cM[GaV~
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 8=AKOOU7>
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular :2d9ZDyD
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces *fX)=?h56
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 1h0ohW
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier pg`;)@
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces +-137!x\q
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats =qQQ^`^F'~
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats F=c_PQO
8.2 Glass Choice u<2sb;a
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations +34jot.!
8.4 Other Design Considerations 7B :aJfxM
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 1k({(\>qq
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet j2n@8sCSO
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet ~[,TLg
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8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses FeRuZww._J
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces pD/S\E0@t
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness =D$r5D/xd
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9 Split Triplets jd'R2e
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets ?OdA`!wE
10.1 The Classic Tessar bcs(#
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac ^/,yZ:
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens %/C[\wp81
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets q0<`XDD`
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar Tr!X2#)A!
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats OaWq8MIZ-
11.1 Meniscus Components A+8b]t_k
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon *r3vTgo$
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 7QFEQ}
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses !!>G{
11.5 The Split Dagor Jz b".A
11.6 The Dogmar ,' B=eY,
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens =Ji:nEl]z
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 2F{IDcJI\
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ~5529
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens $sJfxh
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12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet r2w7lf66!
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet y9<Fv|Ric
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element fXj
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar \[jItg,+
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay Lo4t:H&
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13 Telephoto Lenses H_]kR&F8
13.1 The Basic Telephoto #Xly5J
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses $!w%=
13.3 Telephoto Designs B\yid@e
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch wl9icrR>
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses _aYQ(FO
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle :8
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14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens \PJ89u0
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses i=@*F$,
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses *uR'eXW
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses C? S %fF
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ^<-SW]x
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens V-0Y~T
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ;{RQ+ZX'[
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ww,'n{_
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems 3&f{lsLAC
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17 Microscope Objectives 00+5a
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17.1 General Considerations TuL(
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17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front *6DKUCA/
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 3@*8\
17.4 Reflecting Objectives uQCS%|8C
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs yFjSvm6
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 62) F
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors cxV3Vrx@A
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems G].Z| Z9
18.3 Catadioptric Systems %VCHM GP=
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems /DCUwg=0
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids c9V'Z d#
18.6 Unobscured Systems XT)@)c7j
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” %o>1$f]
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems dL>ZL1.$
19.1 Infrared Optics A7se#"w
19.2 IR Objective Lenses %|Vq"MW,I
19.3 IR Telescope XQ>m8K?\d
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders n7vi@^lf(
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems uP:'e8
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Jh1fM`kB5K
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20 Zoom Lenses Flsf5 Tr0
20.1 Zoom Lenses ZC"p^~U_e[
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras H`sV\'`!}
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens qmhHHFjQ
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens \TjsXy=:)
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure "Z
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ;IyQqP#,<
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Yyf8B
21.2 Macro Lenses [||$1u\%
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses {>#Ya;E
22.1 Monochromatic Systems -4.+&'
22.2 Scanner Lenses +m_quQ/ys
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses t5S S]
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23 Tolerance Budgeting *5^h>Vk/
23.1 The Tolerance Budget ]'Bz%[C)
23.2 Additive Tolerances M%m$5[;n
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget k2~j:&p
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24 Formulary 5 Jd,]~KAP
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions 1:?WvDN=
24.2 The Cardinal Points b@Fa|>"_
24.3 Image Equations B|tP3<
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) :7'anj
24.5 Invariants HQ"D>hsuU
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 7+fFKZFKF
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships |2Q;SaI^\
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions MOXDR
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 278
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24.10 Stop Shift Equations mU;TB%#)
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces <Fi/!
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) K:mb$YJ&
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Glossary 8@ b83
Reference xRb-m$B}L
Index