"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith _f9XY
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition z1LN|+\}
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1 Introduction WJefg
1.1 Lens Design Books 2s(c#$JVS
1.2 Reference Material by 'P}
1.3 Specifications t5r,3x!E
1.4 Lens Design jB+K)NXHL
1.5 Lens Design Program Features sdk%~RN0T
1.6 About This Book d5/x2!mH8
s-V5\Lip,
2 Automatic Lens Design p 8,wr )
2.2 The Merit Function ,>6s~'
2.3 Local Minima Ks|qJ3;
2.4 The Landscape Lens q; &\77i$
2.5 Types of Merit Function Igowz7
2.6 Stagnation ~ YQC!x
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 5)g6yV'
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization #t.)4$
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems [ML%u$-
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits "E4;M/
2.11 Spectral Weighting *D&(6$[ ^
2.12 How to Get Started 11%<bmJ]Q3
?P<8Zw
3 Improving a Design ,BGaJ|k
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques eko$c,&jY
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 8ZY F%
3.3 Splitting Elements 2=P.$Kx
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet tOn 6
3.5 Compounding an Element o :`>r/SlL
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses wR)U&da`@
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 13+f ^
3.8 Balancing Aberrations S8+GM
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle <g/Z(<{wor
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces yV;_ ]_EO
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 8ZmU(m
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation ZbmBwW_ 7
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance >ZAb9=/M)F
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations
: ,0F_["3
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function *fz]Q>2g a
4.5 Fabrication Considerations z?ck*9SZX
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5 Lens Design Data dj>ZHdTn
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs /Y NV
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ="~yD[S
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign p6UPP|-S
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF %}T' 3
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots "x;|li3;
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot BU3VXnqT[
:Z(w,
6 Telescope Objective ^0 zWiX
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet <4l;I*:2&
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective WA~PE` U
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective {jnfe}]
6.4 Spherochromatism Me*woCos'
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration eSAB :L,K
6.6 Induced Aberrations /UwB6s(
6.7 Three-Element Objectives O,$
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) uT")j,tz
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 75>)1H)Xm
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design -0pAj}_2}
6.11 A Final Note UEm~5,>$0
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ,CGq_>Z
7.1 Eyepieces VLLE0W _]
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs mA{G:
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces P4h^_*d
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular k15fy"+Ut
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces etcpto=Mo
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces $w:7$:k
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 8-f2$
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 1[?
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z8MKGM
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats bcVzl]9
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ZvQ~K(3
8.2 Glass Choice khXp}p!Zm
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations DK\Ud6w
8.4 Other Design Considerations MLd*WpiI.
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens
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8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet } `X.^}oe
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet TbK;_pg
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses .}xF2'~E/
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces }DCR(p rD
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness '[T#d! T
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9 Split Triplets V~9vf*X
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets @Czj] t`
10.1 The Classic Tessar :J
7p=sX
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac f:w#r.]
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ,JLY
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10.4 Other Compounded Triplets =|Q7k +b
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar l.Psh7B2
r.JY88"
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats O8!> t7x
11.1 Meniscus Components 9f wFSJx
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon xJ0Q8A
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens -5&|"YYjr{
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses uU|fCwQt
11.5 The Split Dagor ZysZS%
11.6 The Dogmar s#nd:$p3
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens *E"OQsIl
}mhD2 ' E
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens )`4g, W
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version |Z"5zL10
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ~_;x o?@ba
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet yjq~O~
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet N:_U2[V^d
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ~9tPT0^+
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar u lqh}Uv'
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 9rd7l6$R"
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13 Telephoto Lenses b`TA2h
13.1 The Basic Telephoto QcXqMx
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses yv2&K=rZp
13.3 Telephoto Designs =}8:zO
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch cb9ndZ)v.
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses 4a]$4LQV
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle L#\!0YW/@
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens GD]yP..
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses '`+GC9VG
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses #RyX}t X,
^hMJNy&R
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses pOe"S
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens mvCH$}w8&
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens RKt#2%FFO
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener hxedQvW
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses aYmC LLj
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems pyf/%9R:d
NI1jJfH|l
17 Microscope Objectives &B;M.sz~C4
17.1 General Considerations figCeJ!W4
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 8}Qmhm`_j=
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives @N?u{|R:d
17.4 Reflecting Objectives Z0(}doh
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs (B0tgg^jj,
jMH=lQ+8
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems iaq+#k@ V
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors A<+veqb4
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ;1wRo`RD
18.3 Catadioptric Systems 'JjW5
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 3Dm`8Xt
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids G!^}z(Mgi
18.6 Unobscured Systems sK&[sN33
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” [Ju5O[o
ly8IrgtKy
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems a%fMf[Fu
19.1 Infrared Optics yLDv/r
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 1U/ dc.x5
19.3 IR Telescope DO^K8~]
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders LRuB&4r8
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems k4AF
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19.6 Microlithographic Lenses )[c@5zy~*
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20 Zoom Lenses XITh_S4fs=
20.1 Zoom Lenses 9(CY"Tc3
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras Ha}TdQ%
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens bH7 lUS~
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens Rl%?c5U/$
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ';\v:dP
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ;ye5HlH}.
21.1 Projection TV Lenses y>5??q
21.2 Macro Lenses ^`MGlI}
9CxFj)#5F
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses whoQA}X>
22.1 Monochromatic Systems }%@q; "9`
22.2 Scanner Lenses O\"k[V?.V
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses Hkv4^|
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23 Tolerance Budgeting k v>rv37u
23.1 The Tolerance Budget [@PD[-2QG3
23.2 Additive Tolerances MKr)6PG,
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget -fA1_ ?7S
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24 Formulary G|h@O'
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions c=52*&
24.2 The Cardinal Points 7@6B\':
24.3 Image Equations hbOyrjanx
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) lQ]8PR
t8
24.5 Invariants I\,m6=q
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) GlPd)m`
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships hYI0S7{G
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions
RM(MCle}
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs #3h~Z)+y
24.10 Stop Shift Equations \mIm}+!H
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ^Fe%1Lnt
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) +pefk+
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Glossary Pcs62aE
Reference &l0-0T>
Index