"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 3P <'F2o
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition uO >x:*^8
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1 Introduction 0m+8P$)C%
1.1 Lens Design Books D6Y6^eS-
1.2 Reference Material \NX Q
1.3 Specifications z8Q"%@
1.4 Lens Design xq!IbVV/h
1.5 Lens Design Program Features BN@,/m9OQ%
1.6 About This Book YCw('i(|
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2 Automatic Lens Design )9P&=
2.2 The Merit Function ex?\c"
2.3 Local Minima TRKgBK$,
2.4 The Landscape Lens WA
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2.5 Types of Merit Function `ycU-m==
2.6 Stagnation 5@XV6
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing X^< >6|)
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization wH!#aB>kP
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems o6?l/nJ
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits j[P8
2.11 Spectral Weighting %^9:%ytt
2.12 How to Get Started 5#_tE<uM
9.0WKcwg
3 Improving a Design B50 [O!
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques P Tnac
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) Lm.`+W5
3.3 Splitting Elements CtT~0Y|
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet \]Z&P,}w
3.5 Compounding an Element u fw cF*
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses kb|eQtH
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem NygI67
3.8 Balancing Aberrations (L|}`
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle d.pp3D9/
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces e`sw*m5
, deUsc
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design i<u9:W
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation $o^e:Y,
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4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance "g
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4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations j
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function Ko}2%4on
4.5 Fabrication Considerations u3Do~RyL[
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5 Lens Design Data 3cu9[~K
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs )!C7bTv 4
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 93I'cWN
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign G\1J _al
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF 9Q@*0-
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ek[kq[U9
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 6;JP76PD
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6 Telescope Objective >38
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6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet C|6{fd4?
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective pGGV\zD^
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective Dq`~XS*
6.4 Spherochromatism '\L0xw4
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ny`(f,)u*
6.6 Induced Aberrations ZT9IMihV
6.7 Three-Element Objectives #` +]{4hR
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) @*_ZoO7{
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet M@O2
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 6F`\YSn+
6.11 A Final Note kV1vb
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers NQ!<f\m4n
7.1 Eyepieces ,xj3w#`zaf
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs OMd# ^z
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces hrT%XJl
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular M;qb7Mu
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces wA r~<
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces fN0bIE
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7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier \ 522,n`
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces -,/3"}<^78
qsvpW%?aE
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats e;;):\p4
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats \c68n
8.2 Glass Choice M*H<
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8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations l% |cB93
8.4 Other Design Considerations qwP $~Bj
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 1$OVe4H1
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet jnDQ{D
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet _-6e0sr Z
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses `A"Q3sf%
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces :p&IX"Hh
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness cdN/Qy
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9 Split Triplets zS?n>ElI
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets =Pj@g/25u
10.1 The Classic Tessar IW] *i?L
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac t]r7cA
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens lDlj+fK
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets oc((Yo+B
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar Dh?vU~v(6
3!bK d2"
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 7 7^
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11.1 Meniscus Components :4iU^6
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon (tpof
5a
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens }
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11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses WT?b Bf
11.5 The Split Dagor )+*{Y$/U
11.6 The Dogmar j,4,zA1j|
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens b^%?S8]h
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens <g*.p@o
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version Fj,(_^
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens L=,Y1nO:p
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet n3*UgNg%fK
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet ) (+)Q'*
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ;*.(.
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar %P(;8sS
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay PlF!cr7:4
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13 Telephoto Lenses q`cEA<~S
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ?LR"hZ>
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses @Mzz2&(dU
13.3 Telephoto Designs Vj/fAHR`>'
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch k3C"
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses z^gi[
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14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle v&e-`.xR
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens L)1C'8).
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses U%h7h`=F?
z2.*#xTZn
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses w[e0wh`.
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses @T5YsX]qb7
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens \ibCR~W4
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens C?{D"f`[]
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener cJSVT8
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Gee~>:_Q{J
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems "$]ls9-%n
T.J`S(oI
17 Microscope Objectives 2rF?Q?$,B
17.1 General Considerations Sy4
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17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ^@ M [t<
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives `}[VwQ
17.4 Reflecting Objectives p}96uaC1
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 4U}zJP(L
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems >'eB2
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors lj4%(rB=
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems *Yj~]E0`1
18.3 Catadioptric Systems 1]_?$)$T
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems C:rRK*
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids D~5yj&&T;
18.6 Unobscured Systems GSC{F#:z
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” i5.?g <.H
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems gW'P`Oxw
19.1 Infrared Optics Hde]DK,d
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ;I[ht
19.3 IR Telescope N 9c8c
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders )Y=w40Yzd
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems c!tvG*{
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses \m(ymp<c`
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20 Zoom Lenses rny@n^F
20.1 Zoom Lenses (m<R0
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras XyvZ&d6(d
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens /_$~rW
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens NQDLI 1o
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure $7msL#E7
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ?(fQ<i n
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ;3 G~["DA
21.2 Macro Lenses oP+kAV#]
N8,EI^W8Z
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses nu;}S!J
22.1 Monochromatic Systems [B}1z
22.2 Scanner Lenses !S~,>,yd
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses }5fU7&jA;3
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23 Tolerance Budgeting 8T8pAs0
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget LN@lrC7X
23.2 Additive Tolerances ]jHgo](%
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget
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24 Formulary ^;0~6uBEJr
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions T[i7C3QS
24.2 The Cardinal Points `
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24.3 Image Equations rFKo E%
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) [ED!J~lg8
24.5 Invariants C>.]Bvg
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) B`g<Ge~
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships P3+)pOE-SI
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions <{$ev&bQ
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs )p^m}N 6M]
24.10 Stop Shift Equations e*Uz#w:
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces K)yCrEZ
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) fl} rz
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Glossary * \=2KIF'
Reference wm); aWP
Index