"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith h$6'9rL&i
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition SOM? 0.
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1 Introduction ytjZ7J['{
1.1 Lens Design Books t!6uz
1.2 Reference Material <2&qIvHL
1.3 Specifications rr1'|
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1.4 Lens Design 8]`s&d@GY
1.5 Lens Design Program Features .
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1.6 About This Book bPP@
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2 Automatic Lens Design 8Q<Nl=g>'
2.2 The Merit Function !&g_hmnIF
2.3 Local Minima Ax;?~v4Z
2.4 The Landscape Lens Zy;jp*Q
2.5 Types of Merit Function CLVT5pj='
2.6 Stagnation kc P ZIP:
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing rg
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2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization Sk!' 2y*@&
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ht ]n*
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits L/-SWid)
2.11 Spectral Weighting :f39)g5>
2.12 How to Get Started )e`9U.C
xZ;eV76
3 Improving a Design DzE^FY
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques V*Fy@
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) xW5 `.^5
3.3 Splitting Elements GQY"
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3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet eZ]r"_?
3.5 Compounding an Element %M'`K
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses o4EY2
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem $p0D9mF
3.8 Balancing Aberrations <ml?DXT
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 0[%{YmI{W
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces VV/T)qEe7>
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design #@`c7SR
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation cyB+(jLHDs
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ~(XaXu
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations $fD%18
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function .*njgAq7
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Zn
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5 Lens Design Data p19(>|$J
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs F) Q[ cai
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots h~Z &L2V
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign JcmMbd&B
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF 3I( n];
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ^$O(oE(D
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ),B/NZ/-
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6 Telescope Objective G`0{31us
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet <|Lz#iV37
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Tb?X KO,
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective XfVdYmii
6.4 Spherochromatism H@wjZ;R
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration {-m e;ayk
6.6 Induced Aberrations zNKB'hsK
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ]f&]E
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) e\[q3J
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet l6w\E=K
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design zzI,iEG
6.11 A Final Note YQ?hAAJ
Ji!i}UjD7!
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ,z#D[5
7.1 Eyepieces iz/CC V L
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs #'%ii,;wQ
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces AU`z.Isf
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Mpw]dYM
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces W[)HFh(#
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces T>|
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7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 5 cQ]vb
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces }[PwA[k'
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats t6KKfb
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats +<xQF
8.2 Glass Choice diM*jN#
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ?_AX;z
8.4 Other Design Considerations }#e=*8F7
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 7lwI]/ZH*
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet I$+=Fb'N0
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet )#\3c,<Y
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses cW0\f5[/
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces p2b~k[
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness wn_
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9 Split Triplets [T7&)p
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets A#I&&qZ
10.1 The Classic Tessar ~$4(|Fq/
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac ?OnL,y|
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens MH'%E^n `
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 0H +nVR
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar =d5;F`m
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats ]=-=D9ZS3
11.1 Meniscus Components W%^!<bFk}m
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon DQ= {
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens wVf 7<@/y
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses yc7b%T*Y
11.5 The Split Dagor A ?V-Sz#
11.6 The Dogmar )^qXjF
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ;2g.X(Ra
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version pd: YR;
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens DcaKGjp
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet r 56~s5A
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet s1W n.OGR4
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 0$Mxu7 /
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar _IU5HT}2
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay TeZu*c
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13 Telephoto Lenses .c<U5/
13.1 The Basic Telephoto }I}GA:~$%
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses +[n#{;]<
13.3 Telephoto Designs Xqm?@JN
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch E x_dqko
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses FYC]^D
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle q*4@d)_&
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 7vPGb:y
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses NF |[j=?
TK'y- 5W
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses GcO:!b*YMp
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses XHgW9 ;M!
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 9{SzE /[
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens OC,yL Q
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener Z)(#D($-
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses U5cbO{\3I
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems vOKNBR2
Xu#?Lw
17 Microscope Objectives h'G
17.1 General Considerations #H~$^L
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front yF|yZ{
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives p_n$}z
17.4 Reflecting Objectives
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs /u]#dX5
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems L?8OWLjRy
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors +[i r7?Y.
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 438r]f?0|{
18.3 Catadioptric Systems I=[0 9o
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems c@]G;> o
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids @*6_Rp"@
18.6 Unobscured Systems 4UW)XLu6T7
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” VpbJe@*D
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems <]oPr1
19.1 Infrared Optics 0?I
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 2|RxowXZ"
19.3 IR Telescope Eoo[H2=^H
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ,_7m<(/f
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems ' _K`1U
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Mjl,/-0 w
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20 Zoom Lenses
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20.1 Zoom Lenses r}|)oG,=
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras W S9:*YH
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Q>w)b]d~c
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens /K+;HAUTn
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 4>Q] \\Lc
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses |D'!.$7%
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Q3t%JP>;g
21.2 Macro Lenses R[vX+d!7
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses l:#'i`;
22.1 Monochromatic Systems L5&,sJz
22.2 Scanner Lenses 4 #lLC-k
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses vj#m#1\f
= K`]cEL
23 Tolerance Budgeting #:MoZw`rlw
23.1 The Tolerance Budget Skux&'N:
23.2 Additive Tolerances n|QA\,=
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget :}SR{}]yXs
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24 Formulary &s\,+d0
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions t[ b(erO'
24.2 The Cardinal Points rX`fjS*C
24.3 Image Equations ^:O*Sx.CA
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) J04R,B
24.5 Invariants geqx":gpx9
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) $'a]lR
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 3] U/^f3
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions GapH^trm
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs A>:31C
24.10 Stop Shift Equations &(x>J:b
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces hNp.%XnnZ
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) c Ct5m
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Glossary 1_n5:
Reference ^#7&R"
Index