"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith _~l5u8{^ 6
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition #4Rx]zW^%
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1 Introduction en4k/w_
1.1 Lens Design Books y1eWpPJa
1.2 Reference Material 45@ I *`
1.3 Specifications VK\X&Y3l
1.4 Lens Design 58tARL Dr
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Ha0M)0Anv
1.6 About This Book S}m)OmrmA
taHJ u b
2 Automatic Lens Design %op**@4/t\
2.2 The Merit Function }I+E\<
2.3 Local Minima ,i?nWlh+
2.4 The Landscape Lens Ct <udO
2.5 Types of Merit Function >reU#j
2.6 Stagnation )np:lL$$
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing c \J:![x
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization #?U}&Bd
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems sQHv%]s 0
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits F4-$~v@
2.11 Spectral Weighting .GPT!lDc
2.12 How to Get Started O'p9u@kc
ky,(xT4
3 Improving a Design XSwl Tg
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques njB;&N)I
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) MC&` oX[
3.3 Splitting Elements (&Kk7<#`
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet T?CdZc.
3.5 Compounding an Element ntX3Nt_n
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses JQ_sUYh~3
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem -e"H ^:
3.8 Balancing Aberrations %8 B}Cb&2c
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle YlJ@XpKM
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces >UTBO|95y
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design \j}ZB<.>
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation d=$Mim
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ^qvZXb
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations $lfn(b,
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function $D~0~gn~
4.5 Fabrication Considerations >W=,j)MA
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5 Lens Design Data a{'vN93
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Fo (fWvz
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots [:
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5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign x}wG:K
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF z3{G9Np
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots kr^P6}'
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot :".ARCg
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6 Telescope Objective L:$ ,v^2
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet u"r`3P`
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective WH#1zv
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective bI7Vwyz
6.4 Spherochromatism !]A
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration &)#
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6.6 Induced Aberrations jodIv=C
6.7 Three-Element Objectives TM__I\+Q
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) L81ZbNU?$
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ;RZ )
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design e-})6)XgA
6.11 A Final Note !,_u)4
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers PV.Xz0@R
7.1 Eyepieces '|6]_
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs >mbHy<<
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces jKz$@gP
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular wyH[x!QX
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces IkL#SgY
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces *?@?f&E/
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier NR$3%0 nC6
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces <`8n^m*
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats OR P\b
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats XW2b| %T
8.2 Glass Choice ueogaifvB
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations rm'SOJVA
8.4 Other Design Considerations `z}?"BW|
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens Q^P}\wb>
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet &~cBNw|
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet xWH.^o,"
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses @Z_x.Y6
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces %"i(K@
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness M5LfRBO
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9 Split Triplets etQCzYIhn
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets ,hDWPs2S
10.1 The Classic Tessar dM.f]-g
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac A7{\</Z
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens L?b~k=
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 3oj' ytxN
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 4!{KWL`A
J'6PmPzY|
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats tH@Erh|%
11.1 Meniscus Components ^cC,.Fdw
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon l
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11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens etDk35!h~,
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses BiLY(1,
11.5 The Split Dagor +yG~T
11.6 The Dogmar >a<.mU|#
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 6D;Sgc5"
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Uk wP
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 3)wN))VBX
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens [C 7^r3w
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet 5+0gR
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12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet ^]Y>[[
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element R{`(c/%8
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar h%na>G
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay W\$`w
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13 Telephoto Lenses #b}Z`u?@
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ,$L4dF3
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses [o#oak{U
13.3 Telephoto Designs v|,1[i{
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch ah$b[\#C
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses
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14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle +zN-!5x
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens HXC ;Np
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses nIf1sH>
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses F@jZ ho
bjW]bRw
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses y3Qsv
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ij`w} V
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens dm0R[[ 7
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener u(.e8~s8
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ;\dBfP
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems \fLMr\LL&
,Ks8*;#r
17 Microscope Objectives uk:(pZ-uJ
17.1 General Considerations :K,i\
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ;u
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17.3 Flat-Field Objectives
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives dh iuI|?@
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ]L.O8
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems DH!~ BB;
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors rl;~pO5R9
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems #$07:UJ
18.3 Catadioptric Systems 3,3N^nSD
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems `UyG_;
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids `:KY\
18.6 Unobscured Systems >Eto(
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18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” <oV(7
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems S!CC
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19.1 Infrared Optics zrgk]n;Pq
19.2 IR Objective Lenses e{K 215
19.3 IR Telescope +.[ <%
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Y\k#*\'Y~
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 8C:z"@ o
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses g3/W=~r
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20 Zoom Lenses OX!tsARC@
20.1 Zoom Lenses D2eckLT
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras xGg )Y#
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Qbn"=n2
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens x~~|.C,
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 7(8;to6(
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ASySiHz
21.1 Projection TV Lenses hx %v+/
21.2 Macro Lenses mxC;?s;~
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses k$R-#f;
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ~Ea} /Au
22.2 Scanner Lenses xsbE TP?
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses a~}OZ&PG
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23 Tolerance Budgeting ,T$U'&;
23.1 The Tolerance Budget d.d/<
23.2 Additive Tolerances 24*XL,
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget WiR(;m<g
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24 Formulary W+?4jwqw
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions b9HtR -iR;
24.2 The Cardinal Points %_W)~Pv{+
24.3 Image Equations f+,qNvBY/
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) _op}1
24.5 Invariants )_S(UVI5
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) Fj3a.'
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships )U:m:cr<
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions l4YJ c
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs !ons]^km
24.10 Stop Shift Equations agDM~= #F
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces @9RM9zK.q
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 6}Ci>_i4#
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9-a0 :bP
Glossary R"t,xM
Reference 04P}-L,
Index