"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ,+-h7^{`
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition dXZP[K#
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1 Introduction r$DZkMue
1.1 Lens Design Books s=/^lOOO
1.2 Reference Material yWuIu>VJ
1.3 Specifications B$7[8h
1.4 Lens Design {PmzkT}LF
1.5 Lens Design Program Features @_O3&ZK
1.6 About This Book ?`i|"y#
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2 Automatic Lens Design R0IF'
2.2 The Merit Function ,;3:pr
2.3 Local Minima g RU-g
2.4 The Landscape Lens G5umeqYC
2.5 Types of Merit Function 1.dX)^\
2.6 Stagnation ,v_B)a_E
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing o16~l]Z|f
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization -x?Hj/
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems Hn^sW
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2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits hg&u0AQ2
2.11 Spectral Weighting l#ygb|=x
2.12 How to Get Started !7Uu]m69n
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3 Improving a Design $w `veP
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques
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3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) S5/p=H:
3.3 Splitting Elements H<z30r/-w
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet Gl"wEL*
3.5 Compounding an Element QRiF!D)Nk
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses f~iML5lG
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 2;}xN! 8
3.8 Balancing Aberrations .S(^roM;+
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle vC-[#]<
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces <>?^ 4NC<M
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design o[imNy~ ~
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 9Q=>MOB-
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 3l+|&q[v
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations lXw;|dGF
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ]%||KC!O
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Y`q!V=
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5 Lens Design Data _rG-#BKW8L
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs P 4H*jy@?
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots WQTendS
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign A` =]RJ
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF bsMC#xT
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots nE^wxtY
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot Ho>p ^p
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6 Telescope Objective ~{9x6<g!
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 6\XP|n-0+0
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 37~rm
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 7Z
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6.4 Spherochromatism )v};C<
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration v(a9#bMZU
6.6 Induced Aberrations L2k;f]
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Dn: Yi8=
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 83B\+]{hD
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet D8a)( wm
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design U:J /\-
6.11 A Final Note +6uOg,;
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers F61+n!%8
7.1 Eyepieces ^sJ1 ^LT
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs E8+8{
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces Q-:Ah:/
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular X3<SP
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 20n%o&kG]8
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces MG;4M>H
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 3HXh6( e
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces Qb@BV&^y&
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats ;.L!%$0i#
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats NT'Ie]|
8.2 Glass Choice <JG Yr 4V
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations }`#j;H$i
8.4 Other Design Considerations "MW55OWYU
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens //VG1@vaVX
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet (69kvA&|q
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet M_yZR^;^-
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses l)|z2H
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces w($XEv;
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness qdKh6{
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9 Split Triplets (
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Kw)C{L5a
10.1 The Classic Tessar o,iS&U"TC
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac h<t<]i'
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens fN~8L}!l
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Ufyxw5u5F
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar h]G6~TYI5
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats I #Arr#%
11.1 Meniscus Components ,oy4V ^B&
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon h;&&@5@lM
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens KB$ vQ@N
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses LPtx|Sx![
11.5 The Split Dagor OFJJ-4[_3
11.6 The Dogmar wCqE4i
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens :DF`A(
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens **"zDY*?W
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version lsTe*Od
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Lx|w~+k}
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ,:\zXESy4
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 37GHt9l
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element cj,&&3sbV
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar HJ2O@e
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay p?EEox
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13 Telephoto Lenses D_L'x"
13.1 The Basic Telephoto M$DwQ}Z
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses I_{9eG1w?
13.3 Telephoto Designs 3?-V>-[G_
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 9&?tQ"@x
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses 6EW"8RG`
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle p;)klH@ X
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 9}7oKlyk
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 6"#Tvj~-8
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses kr &:;
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 7]0\[9DyJ
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 5Lo==jHif
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens -0[>}!l=G
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener LS?` {E
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses (]GY.(F{
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems m"ki*9]
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17 Microscope Objectives aTsy)=N
17.1 General Considerations [NR0] #h
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front *>R/(Q
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives c"jhbH!u4
17.4 Reflecting Objectives l% 3Q=c
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs @5POgQ8
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 8I|1Pl
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors 6'X.[0M
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems Sxx.>gP"61
18.3 Catadioptric Systems }pU!1GsO
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems /-cX(z
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18.5 Confocal Paraboloids %E=,H?9&>
18.6 Unobscured Systems =h1 QN
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 2T{-J!k
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Rg!aKdDl$
19.1 Infrared Optics a|^-z|.
19.2 IR Objective Lenses L>K39z~,
19.3 IR Telescope ?PH}b?f4
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders HEW9YC"
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 'FvhzGn9Q
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses JhhT7\h(
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20 Zoom Lenses ]f+D& qZ B
20.1 Zoom Lenses M@z_Z+q9
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ^Xz`hR
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens =FC;d[U
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 0DP%44Cv 9
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure q=L*
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses &t@6qi`d
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ~dX@5+Gd
21.2 Macro Lenses clU3#8P!=
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses hghto
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22.1 Monochromatic Systems w1/T>o
22.2 Scanner Lenses 2ucsTh@
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses (Os
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23 Tolerance Budgeting [OToz~=)
23.1 The Tolerance Budget 3qwYicq,
23.2 Additive Tolerances K^1O =1gY
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 26klW:2*
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24 Formulary F7PZV+\
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions 3Tte8]0
24.2 The Cardinal Points <38@b
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24.3 Image Equations "/]tFY%Y
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) d?+oT0pCH
24.5 Invariants R5~vmT5W
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 9Z_OLai
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships m">
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24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions R@{/$p:
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs yqc(32rF!
24.10 Stop Shift Equations i)^ZH#Gp
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces x~Esu}x7
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ~{tZ;YZ
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Glossary f0`rJ?us
Reference }(7QJk5 j
Index