"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith L?x?+HPY.
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition <R>z;2c
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1 Introduction GDp p`' \
1.1 Lens Design Books -G#k/Rz6
1.2 Reference Material 9Z'eBp
1.3 Specifications CDnz
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1.4 Lens Design N?0y<S ?!
1.5 Lens Design Program Features fhKiG%i'l
1.6 About This Book bK\WdG\;
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2 Automatic Lens Design RJwIN,&1.
2.2 The Merit Function t<F]% 8S
2.3 Local Minima )C]&ui~1
2.4 The Landscape Lens Ch"8cl;Fm
2.5 Types of Merit Function JZ /O0PW
2.6 Stagnation [P=[ h j;
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 2F g t)`{!
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization (M,VwwN
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ApYud?0b
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits qO{ ZZ*
2.11 Spectral Weighting Tw; qY
2.12 How to Get Started 3DC%I79
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3 Improving a Design 86fK= G:>
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques (%y c5+f!
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) `(/saq*
3.3 Splitting Elements qlITQKGG
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet AAq=,=:R<
3.5 Compounding an Element rw[ {@|)'z
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses DnsP7k.8T
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem :dIQV(iW
3.8 Balancing Aberrations .#55u+d,
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle UXPegK!
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces igB rma Y'
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 92]ZiL?k
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation m+2`" 1IE[
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance c t4 [b|
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations | W*@}D
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function |F@xwfgb
4.5 Fabrication Considerations PuZs 5J3
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5 Lens Design Data |"YA<e
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5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs (
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5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots AXP`,H
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign ?Wg{oB@(
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF w zqd
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5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ;=+Zw1/g
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot $@_t5?n``F
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6 Telescope Objective EEs-&
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet (;pi"/x [
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective d G- or
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective gFs/0 12{
6.4 Spherochromatism T3 9C lH
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 6Z&u
6.6 Induced Aberrations 8HFXxpt[G
6.7 Three-Element Objectives / $9
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) R 'I_xjC
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet uR:=V9O
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design hzQ+9-qA
6.11 A Final Note 7AO3-;
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers u-QO>3oY6
7.1 Eyepieces !A SoXQRz
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs '9
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces [ .j]V-61
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Seq ]NkgY
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces Lo9G4Cu
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces O}MZ-/z=o~
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier @q+cm JKv
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces kOAY@a
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats z$ c&=Q
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 3WCqKXJ7
8.2 Glass Choice Z .bit_(
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 7a:*Y"f,~
8.4 Other Design Considerations ,](v?v.[4
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens "*w)puD
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet _,_8X7
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet <AMb!?Obh
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 4|6&59?pnc
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces L1 9 MP
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness .]j#y9>&w%
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9 Split Triplets =R&)hl m
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets V$dJmKg
10.1 The Classic Tessar 2cCWQ"_,
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac jby~AJf %
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ]*2EK 9<
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 9H h~ n R?
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar -BA"3 S
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats (0E U3w?]
11.1 Meniscus Components cy) k<?,
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon {sC@N![
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens G{kj}>kS_
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses L1 hD}J'$4
11.5 The Split Dagor H]_WFiW-9
11.6 The Dogmar A&<?
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens \|2t TvW,0
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ;Z ]<S_#-
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ?R;nL{
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens >ik1]!j]Lv
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ybZ}
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet of8mwnZR
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 3`58ah
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar Z-(} l2\
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay k)`$%[K8
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13 Telephoto Lenses n{dP@_>WS
13.1 The Basic Telephoto S d IGU[fm
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses W|ReLM\
13.3 Telephoto Designs "r8EC
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch +0]'| t F>
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses 8 +"10q-
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle *( k%MTG
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ~|&="K4,:
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses yeh8z:5Z O
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 1g1? zk8zO
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 42f prt
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens pd d|n2q
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ql ^g~b
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener R
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16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses "YJ[$TG
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems s=MT,
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17 Microscope Objectives < eY %sFq,
17.1 General Considerations re; Lg
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17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front C oU3S,;*
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives A2y6UzLYD
17.4 Reflecting Objectives 25d\!3#E
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs +UzXN$73
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems {>@QJlE0
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors P/ci/y_1
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems R'SBd}1
18.3 Catadioptric Systems R :"+ #Sq
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems gmY/STN
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 9`B0fv Q&
18.6 Unobscured Systems 5G#$c'A{4
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Jen%}\
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ;o[rQ6 +
19.1 Infrared Optics D* \v0=P'?
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 7:>s c]Z
19.3 IR Telescope jv =EheD
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders y;nvR6)
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems Yt+h2ft!
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses +3;Ody"59
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20 Zoom Lenses d ",(a Z
20.1 Zoom Lenses >GXXjAIu/
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras l& L,7BX
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens w9f
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens O2.' -
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 3pSj kS|?>
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses *Yt B )6j
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 5 6DoO'
21.2 Macro Lenses w2{g,A |
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses ,[isib3
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ~U$":~H[
22.2 Scanner Lenses l 4vTU=
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses *%\mZ,s"
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23 Tolerance Budgeting XWUP= D~
23.1 The Tolerance Budget o0ZBi|U\4
23.2 Additive Tolerances Izn
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23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget QXVC\@
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24 Formulary rkDi+D 6`q
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions BLn_u,3
24.2 The Cardinal Points #y 1Bx,
24.3 Image Equations 7 Wl-n
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) B+] D5K
24.5 Invariants I [0!S IqY
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) $DebXxJw0l
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships rp 's
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions p u9^e4B9
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 19c@ `?
24.10 Stop Shift Equations A]o4 Mf0>I
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 3[d>&xk@$
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) E.`6oX\L|
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Glossary |=6_ xRyr
Reference $*f?&U]k
Index
