"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith v6! `H
^ u0y<kItX
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 6L
Fhhl ^
~+Cl9:4T
1 Introduction 8 3# <Yxk~
1.1 Lens Design Books 86?~ N
1.2 Reference Material k{lX K\zN
1.3 Specifications g_>E5z.
1.4 Lens Design )?l7 I*
1.5 Lens Design Program Features \S?-[v*{
1.6 About This Book 4W E)2vkS
]+w 27!
2 Automatic Lens Design =1)9>= }
2.2 The Merit Function H
]](xYy.
2.3 Local Minima i/!KUbt
2.4 The Landscape Lens GN5*
2.5 Types of Merit Function :8N
by$#V
2.6 Stagnation Sy mlirL
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing V tU2&
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization k{|> !(Ax
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems qAlX#]
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits d}Y#l}!E6
2.11 Spectral Weighting <RH%F hT
2.12 How to Get Started 6-5{7 E}/b
NQiu>Sg
3 Improving a Design N693eN!
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques P ~x4h{~Gd
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) x1Gc|K/-
3.3 Splitting Elements @q@I(%_`
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet KMl3`+i
3.5 Compounding an Element m? 4HVv
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses "dYT>w
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 3{ea~G)[9
3.8 Balancing Aberrations N
PqO
b
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle >*+n `"6
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces c0X1})q$
Zba<|C
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design *lheF>^
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation rCA0c8
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance q 4Ok$~"I
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations *kj+6`:CPs
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function C&EA@U5X^
4.5 Fabrication Considerations `J7@G]X;2
v!n|X7
5 Lens Design Data !SLfAFcS
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs cb. -AlqQ
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots =4!m] *y
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign ^0(D2:E
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF sYk#XNH
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots e%9zY{ABR%
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot /7.//klN
y^
st
T^
6 Telescope Objective Dj0D.}`~
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet yVpru8+eD
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective d5=& :cF
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 3?!c<^"e
6.4 Spherochromatism : #N]s
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 01]W@ \(
6.6 Induced Aberrations 1@~ 1vsJ
6.7 Three-Element Objectives I-Hg6WtB
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) #nj;F'O](
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet yhnPS4DC
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design (d .M} G
6.11 A Final Note N6*FlG-
: />Zky8,k
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers lXVh`+X/l
7.1 Eyepieces 2';{o=TXV
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs $$B#S '
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces yRp&pUtb
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular T eJ=QpGW2
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces
-f<}lhmQ
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces $KoGh_h
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier nH+w U;M
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces I &%
Z *H
g-/ }*m l
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats _.m|Ml,`{
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats %w/vKB"nO
8.2 Glass Choice v++&%
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 2f rwU~y
8.4 Other Design Considerations n HLMF7\
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens Q>G % *?
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet JE eXoGKd
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet vI"BNC*Q1
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses z6Nz)$!_i
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces )3 '8T>^<K
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness "|E'E"_1
+'[ /eW
9 Split Triplets pMf
?'l
>5 2%^ ?
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets r\ C"Fx^
10.1 The Classic Tessar gA] 3h8 %w
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac ? lU (FK
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens !2.eJ)G
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets wOEc~W Od
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 9?sm-qP
}Am5b@g"$Y
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats |Rm_8n%m
11.1 Meniscus Components {_Fh3gjb/
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon -6e^`c6{
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens { m_ y <
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 7T(&DOGZ
11.5 The Split Dagor S>s+ nqcP
11.6 The Dogmar g$JlpD&
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens A(n3<(O/{Z
Ns\};j?TU*
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens }>b@=5O
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version p?4,YV|#
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens CsjrQ-#9yn
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet q7I(x_y /
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet sDBwD%sb
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element
cG1iO:
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar HNLr}
Y j
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay !L2!:_
mH)8A+us
13 Telephoto Lenses UMK9[Iy$<M
13.1 The Basic Telephoto DbYnd%k*4
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses bicbCC6kC
13.3 Telephoto Designs ffsF], _J
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch '#jZ`
fk\]w Fj
~G. MaSm
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses a>,Zp*V(
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 27} 0
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens x4v&%d=M
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses @h/-P'Lc=7
z]2lT
IWg
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses XR$i:kL,,
i\x@ s>@x}
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses BQ B<+o'
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ;(A z
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens Y dyz-
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ;s+3 #Py
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses A f}o/g
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems w zi7pJjXh
q(v|@l|)yO
17 Microscope Objectives ST,+]p3L(
17.1 General Considerations apnpy\in
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ;Nd'GA+1;(
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 0:c3a q&u
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ?6h~P:n.
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 0IBQ E
46~nwi$,^
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems t[MM=6|Wb
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors B;2#Sa.
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ,R=$ qi|
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ant2];0p
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 5f2=`C0_
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids "Jdi> {o8
18.6 Unobscured Systems K>n@ 8<7
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” :SY,;..3e
G"".;}AV
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems lwIxn1n
19.1 Infrared Optics [ u ^/3N
19.2 IR Objective Lenses _joW%`T8
19.3 IR Telescope \S{ihS@J
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders T&}KUX~Q/
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems XV,ce~ro[
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses XJk~bgO*
,k(B>O ~o
20 Zoom Lenses pimI)1 !$'
20.1 Zoom Lenses {aUv>T"c
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras
b`f6(6
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens md|I?vk
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens P ,rLyx
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure
: z6?
p\Iy)Y2Lf!
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses O3pd5&^g
21.1 Projection TV Lenses (!Xb8rV0_
21.2 Macro Lenses >ul&x!?@
J/PK #<
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses XinKG< 3!
22.1 Monochromatic Systems vFeR)Ox's
22.2 Scanner Lenses 9E|QPT
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses jc@=
b:r=
JOs
kf(
23 Tolerance Budgeting rd "!&i
23.1 The Tolerance Budget w{]B)>! 1W
23.2 Additive Tolerances E,ooD3$h
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget `S4G+j>u6
@gQ?cU 7
24 Formulary qLw^Qxo
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions ad=7FhnIa3
24.2 The Cardinal Points "Nz"|-3Irv
24.3 Image Equations $>Ow<! c
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) $_e{Zv[
24.5 Invariants Ec }9R3 m
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) P2U4,?_e
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships :`0,f ?cE
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions yA7O<p+
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs !>&G+R +k
24.10 Stop Shift Equations K9 K.mGYc
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces i .7$~}
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) L:Faq1MG
+aqQa~}r
^9YS dFH/
Glossary D%=&euB
Reference )]Sf|@K]
Index
