"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 7O"hiDQ
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition Zct!/u9 Q
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1 Introduction L -YNz0A
1.1 Lens Design Books IOX:yxj
1.2 Reference Material
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1.3 Specifications EPv%LX_j
1.4 Lens Design '\
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1.5 Lens Design Program Features !KAsvF,j
1.6 About This Book g(nK$,c
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2 Automatic Lens Design pcNSL'u+
2.2 The Merit Function QsM*wT&aa
2.3 Local Minima 'P,,<nkr|
2.4 The Landscape Lens }{A?PHV5
2.5 Types of Merit Function Wy8,<K{
2.6 Stagnation 4Mi~1iZj
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing zx7#)*
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization RNvQ
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems zs0hXxTY:
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits *O5:
2.11 Spectral Weighting %/Bvy*X&
2.12 How to Get Started .8:+MW/
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3 Improving a Design r
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques
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3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) TH YVT%v
3.3 Splitting Elements %OEq,Tb
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet QE3ryD
3.5 Compounding an Element Qne0kB5m
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses (U _wp's
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem puA|NT
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Vcr VaBw
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle }f]b't
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 7pP+5&*
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design &u=8r*
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 8ZW?|-i
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance l^
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4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations UP]1(S?
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function e$32
4.5 Fabrication Considerations W"|mpxp
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5 Lens Design Data b[yE~EQxr
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 'bC]M3P
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots aLYLd/ KV
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign dHq#
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF bs
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5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots bQ"N
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5.6 Various Evaluation Plot K?[)E3
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6 Telescope Objective "9ue76
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ,z G(u 1
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective jWSb5#Pw
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective yjFe'
6.4 Spherochromatism BJgDo
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration wA631kr
6.6 Induced Aberrations N ocFvF7\
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 4#7Umj
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) +aj^Cs1$
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet rFfy#e
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 0E1=W6UZ
6.11 A Final Note Z}+yI,
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers Yg&`
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7.1 Eyepieces gApz:K[l
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs `36N
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces :/i~y $t
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Mi?}S6bp
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces eC;!YGZ
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Y&g&n o_
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier MJ\r 4n
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces R*\~k%Z
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats (AuPZ
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats Z%e|*GS{
8.2 Glass Choice lLMPw}r<
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 7*;^UqGjz
8.4 Other Design Considerations h R~v
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens "wINBya'M
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet l&Q!mU}
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet &[~[~m|
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses N+J>7_k
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces fhr-Y'
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness YZ**;"<G
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9 Split Triplets OXCQfT@\
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets f?maa5S
10.1 The Classic Tessar gz4UV/qr/
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac r[!(?%>j
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens <m]wi7
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ;(S|cm'>}
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar [e1L{ _*l
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats J=9 #mOcg"
11.1 Meniscus Components T>F9Hs W
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 0D~=SekQ9
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens @RVOXkVo
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 5r7h=[N
11.5 The Split Dagor ,E9d\+j
11.6 The Dogmar 8&."uEOOU
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens `pm>'
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens F~R7~ZE
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version GO~k '
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens B6%&gXr\
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet HTR1)b
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 7=3O^=Q^Q
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element .Q[yD<)Ubs
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar R&Ci/
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay LwQH6 !;[
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13 Telephoto Lenses jyQVSQs
13.1 The Basic Telephoto m8AAp1=
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 4U{m7[
13.3 Telephoto Designs uA%Ts*aN
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch }N]!0Ka
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ET+'Pj3
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle k FLT!k
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 9|3o<
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses _-TOeP8#94
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses O^NP0E
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ;($1Z7j+
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens I4~^TrznRa
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens @|=UrKA N
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ?0z)EPQ|
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses (Fqa][0
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems G#lg|# -#
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17 Microscope Objectives =UUd8,C/
17.1 General Considerations aTClw<6}
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front GX5W^//}
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives #_fY4vEO
17.4 Reflecting Objectives EneAX&SG
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs S&01SX6
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems \ 3G*j`
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors MS{{R+&
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems :o$@F-$k
18.3 Catadioptric Systems g@u;Y5
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems H"D5e
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 0!_*S )
18.6 Unobscured Systems PG"@A
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” _+n;A46
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems u~}%1
19.1 Infrared Optics 4>_d3_1sn
19.2 IR Objective Lenses g}r^Xzd;
19.3 IR Telescope ttj2b$M,
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 4#h?Wga
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems QkE,T0,/?h
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses n ,1tD
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20 Zoom Lenses >%h7dC3h
20.1 Zoom Lenses j{"[Ec
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ^ $wJi9D6
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens v:A:37#I
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens }P.K2ku
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 4|F#gK5E
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 9v$qrM`8
21.1 Projection TV Lenses T3rn+BxF 7
21.2 Macro Lenses
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses )-q\aX$])
22.1 Monochromatic Systems OHhs y|W
22.2 Scanner Lenses T<M?PlED
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses xD0NZ~w%
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23 Tolerance Budgeting oAnigu;
23.1 The Tolerance Budget lC2?sD$
23.2 Additive Tolerances e`AUYli"
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 2Y;!$0_rv
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24 Formulary 0\wi am-
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions '=@r7g.2
24.2 The Cardinal Points /n8psj
24.3 Image Equations [ze/@29
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) <tW:LU(!
24.5 Invariants "Y(^F
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24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) Xy!&^C` J`
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships ?} X}#
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions avy=0Jmj
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs \n;g2/VjO
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 'z-D%sCA
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces WvbEh|y
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD)
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Glossary S\b K+
Reference tIp{},bQ^
Index