"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 7[pBUDA
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition i3$$,W!
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1 Introduction W ?woNt'n
1.1 Lens Design Books XvTCK>1
1.2 Reference Material Z4b||
1.3 Specifications }H> ^o9
1.4 Lens Design [iP#VM-N
1.5 Lens Design Program Features WK fkKk;G
1.6 About This Book +]Zva:$#`
i1lBto[
2 Automatic Lens Design w;6bD'.>;
2.2 The Merit Function KngTc(^_D
2.3 Local Minima 3?I;ovsM
2.4 The Landscape Lens ] }|byo
2.5 Types of Merit Function dt@ P>rel
2.6 Stagnation ,f 3 pqi9|
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing rwLAW"0Qz
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization %EbPI)yY3
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ED>pr E0
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits !9Z r;K~\
2.11 Spectral Weighting 1\*\?\T>_
2.12 How to Get Started fxaJZz$ o
"TyJP[/
3 Improving a Design +ZMls
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques G 2bDf-1ew
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) *iBTI+"]
3.3 Splitting Elements )SF}2?7e
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet d\{>TdyF
3.5 Compounding an Element ,l YE
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 2Y\
d<. M
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem
S8[=S
3.8 Balancing Aberrations i<kD
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle S{pXs &4O
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 58\&/lYW
IJYL s
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design Q 1d'~e
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation lGwl1 ,=
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance _.I xRk)T
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations o8/ ; ;*
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function f"7O "6
4.5 Fabrication Considerations >(uZtYM\j
JWvjWY2+P
5 Lens Design Data &, A64y
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs "k*PA\ U
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots Nkxm m/Z
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign |(5W86C,ju
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF L^2 FQti>
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 1XM^8 .;
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot p &+;w
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6 Telescope Objective *OuStr \o
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet M\yT).>z
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective :0s ]U_h
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective O'Js}
6.4 Spherochromatism sB;@>NY
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration Yjx|9_|Xn
6.6 Induced Aberrations nstUMr6
6.7 Three-Element Objectives =bEd a]
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) +$oF]OO
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet E<yW \
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design XC.%za8
6.11 A Final Note u_ABt?'
M5xC C!
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers =Zi2jL?On
7.1 Eyepieces gx %|Pgd
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs >JiltF7H0
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces BJ% eZ.
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular ?O>V%@
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ) $PDo
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7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces ^tXJj:wtS
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier P2bZ6 5>3y
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces <~ Sz04
J~#;<e{\"
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats &^W|i Xi#
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats A h Z8 0 !
8.2 Glass Choice P*cNh43U
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 4'0Dr ++
8.4 Other Design Considerations o7| eMe?<t
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens V0)fZS@tf
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet qi_Jywd:w
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet br|;'i%(
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses uDEvzk42
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces O BN2 ) j
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness .k,kTr$ S
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9 Split Triplets !Y-98<|b
M
/i X+ R@
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets y- 1 pR
10.1 The Classic Tessar qHxqQ'ks;
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac j e!-J8{
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens U~pV) J
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 1Z9qjV%^
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar %Ah^E$&n2
>uSy
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats KQ~i<1&j
11.1 Meniscus Components KN*
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon uvrB5=u
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens /kfgx{jZ
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses E2m8UBS
11.5 The Split Dagor kkQVNphc
11.6 The Dogmar )a-Du$kd
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 92 [; Y
}2e? ?3
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens .C--gQpIv
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version /oriW;OF
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ~8]NK&J
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet RO.k]x6
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet ll C#1
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element >"C,@cN}B
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar Ry'= ke
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay #W|'1
OX4
.,OVz W
13 Telephoto Lenses [<6S%s
13.1 The Basic Telephoto Z-l =\ekJ
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses n X=$EQiH
13.3 Telephoto Designs |]c8jG\h
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 6Aku1h
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses LbkF
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ^pYxKU_O
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens & 9<+;*/
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses T87 m?a$
' hs2RSq
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses TTKs3iTXz
I= & stsH
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses *3?'4"B{8
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 'L8'
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16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens \Rp-;.I@6
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener K2<9mDn&
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses NB8/g0:=n&
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems lGOgN !?i
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17 Microscope Objectives @WVcY:1t#
17.1 General Considerations m_)FC-/pSl
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front $GTU$4u
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives @ g&ct >@y
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ;9c<K
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs apu4DAy&8
sL\L"rQN6
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ayfFVTy1d
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors yp({>{u7
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems Y$?9Zkp>
18.3 Catadioptric Systems iy%ZQ[Un
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ;oc& Hb
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids hBBUw0"
18.6 Unobscured Systems o*o/q],C9-
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” HxIIO[h
!y@6Mm
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems H kQ ) n3
19.1 Infrared Optics U4b0*` o
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ;J ayoJ
19.3 IR Telescope {qN 5MsY
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders orjj' +;X
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems U15H@h
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses :>Ay^{vf=
njWL U!
20 Zoom Lenses &FF"nE*
20.1 Zoom Lenses `.i!NBA'6
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras a+%6B_|\
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens T>NDSami
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens /K . !sQ$
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure uA#P'?
5) pj]S!]-
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses O4og?h>
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Vz= PiMO
21.2 Macro Lenses !Rhl f.x
XBp? w
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses -De9_0#R
22.1 Monochromatic Systems U
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22.2 Scanner Lenses LdL/399<
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses Pc
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BT9 |LI
23 Tolerance Budgeting 5
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget !& z(:d
23.2 Additive Tolerances B>0]. CK`
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget !'cl"\h
Z2'Bk2 L
24 Formulary mqSQL}vR
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions RT.D "WvT
24.2 The Cardinal Points F*3j. lI
24.3 Image Equations K>DR Jz
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) !B OY@$Y
24.5 Invariants >8qQK r\"
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) U'<KC"f:'!
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 3%(N[&LU
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions -T[lx\}
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ^$'z!+QRM
24.10 Stop Shift Equations Nw1#M%/!r!
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces Stu4t==U
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) +h r@#n4A
/XzH?n/{R
Ljx (\Cm
Glossary )C(? bR
Reference B#.L
Index
