"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith #vyf*jPr
ij-'M{f
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition [y'blCb
<zn)f@W
1 Introduction AJ*17w
1.1 Lens Design Books H<i!C|AF
1.2 Reference Material :AztHf?X
1.3 Specifications 8Z\q)T
1.4 Lens Design [iq^'E
1.5 Lens Design Program Features eQ/w
Mr
1.6 About This Book 67Pmnad
p+]S)K GZw
2 Automatic Lens Design 8HBwcXYoHh
2.2 The Merit Function O5p$
A@
2.3 Local Minima ~210O5^
2.4 The Landscape Lens @hg[v`~
2.5 Types of Merit Function L
QV@]z&
2.6 Stagnation h092S |iY
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing ]ASw%Lw)
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ~"`e9Im
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems c{y'&3\
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits CS~onf<xz
2.11 Spectral Weighting ^lV}![do!
2.12 How to Get Started #
2^H{7
dR\yRC]I
3 Improving a Design JX5/PCO
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 3R%JmLM+R9
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) \HzmhQb+m
3.3 Splitting Elements o ;Z"I &
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 7:vl -ZW
3.5 Compounding an Element r7R'beiH
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses t`Z3*?UqI
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem dE,E,tv
3.8 Balancing Aberrations !% W5@tN
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle @B>D>B
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces ]aF;
gw,K*ph}q
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design X+A@//,7
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation tUULpx.h
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance (VMCVZ
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations \ [[xyd
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function klQmo30i
4.5 Fabrication Considerations =bD.5,F)
(N&?Z]|yr
5 Lens Design Data +?"F=.SZ
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs M}11 tUl
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots *> nOL
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign hv#$Zo<
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF A r>JQ@0
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots #b428-
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot \w1XOm [)
y]@JkF(
6 Telescope Objective *Xk5H,:
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet DQW)^j
h
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective [UzacX t
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective c8mh#Tbl
6.4 Spherochromatism aeN #<M&$<
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration gkxHfm
6.6 Induced Aberrations P/ 6$TgQ
6.7 Three-Element Objectives "0PsCr}!
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) NYHK>u/5c
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet -|}?+W
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 7$%G3Q|)L
6.11 A Final Note "!vY{9,
+=9iq3<yfS
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers fNAW4I I}
7.1 Eyepieces %JSRC<,a
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ].J;8}
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces %Jh(5
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular M.y!J
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces b3>zdS]Q
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces bFN/{^SB
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier , 2#Q>
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces ]3,9."^
L$O\fhO?
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats E@k'uyIu
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats lFtEQ '}
8.2 Glass Choice 7P(o!%H
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations Go c*ugR
8.4 Other Design Considerations QpQ 2hNf
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens +j F|8
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet S[$9_J f
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet cA4?[F
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 0!YVRit\N
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces &S+*1<|`K
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness bs\kb-\R
rz&V.,s
9 Split Triplets RjviHd#DXn
Pf4zjc
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets /dg?6XT/
10.1 The Classic Tessar J/Y9 X,
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac ,m`&J?
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens YC 4c-M
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ]8 }2
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ,_(=w.F
Ws3z-U>j
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats rG~W=!bj
11.1 Meniscus Components "4WnDd5"
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon wxK71OH
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens g,WTXRy
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses -eK0 +beQ
11.5 The Split Dagor ] H;E(1iU
11.6 The Dogmar 8i;drvf
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens N
e{=KdzT
dL4VcUS.
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens f2gh|p`
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version Xp<O
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens PtUS7[]
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet JE:LA+ (
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet r]xN&Ne5Q
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element DI;LhS*z
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ?+=,t]`!m
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay C[znUI>
sdCG}..`
13 Telephoto Lenses R&t2
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 3)>re&
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses )Rbt0
13.3 Telephoto Designs
c %Y*XJ'
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch [V?HK_~
rC|nE=i
yO8@ .-j b
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses z"7?I$NQ
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle AX{<d@z`j
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens LC=M{\
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses N4VZl[7?
w-)JCdS6Tb
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses lgVT~v{U`n
*$VeR(QN
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses Tg@G-6u0c
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens #+6j-^<_6
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens M-Vz$D/aed
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener t4;gY298
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses jl7>
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ^=-25%&^
7mi=Xa:U
17 Microscope Objectives p[WlcbBwT
17.1 General Considerations 4?(=?0/[
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front k
"7,-0gz
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives j3w~2q"r
17.4 Reflecting Objectives %CQa8<q
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs dQH8s
q2B'R
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems c+ZdfdR
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors wDiq~!
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems j4@6`[n:
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ||cI~qg
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems c3fi<?0&|
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids G^ <m0ew|
18.6 Unobscured Systems H
9/m6F
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 1GR|$E
w"M!**bP
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Ls|)SiXrY
19.1 Infrared Optics %ByqkY{5F
19.2 IR Objective Lenses rjfWty%6pX
19.3 IR Telescope 1$}Tn
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Xsb.xxK.
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems )<'2 vpz
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses }|=Fnyj
&kWT<*;J)
20 Zoom Lenses NV}fcZ
20.1 Zoom Lenses a&mL Dh/
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 9XS>;<"2
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens nyhHXVRH
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens rWM5&M
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure l'!_km0{d
bS|h~B]rd
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses
's"aPqF?
21.1 Projection TV Lenses IA=\c
21.2 Macro Lenses
VD,g3B p
N1:)Z`r
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses tnb'\}Vn
22.1 Monochromatic Systems :%fnJg(
22.2 Scanner Lenses ,Wd+&|Q
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses \dB z-H'@
,*L3
23 Tolerance Budgeting 2B6y1" B
23.1 The Tolerance Budget gz:US77
23.2 Additive Tolerances &ML-\aSal
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ^#h ;bX#
M6Ik 'r"M
24 Formulary {>ghX_m|
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions [w FK!?
24.2 The Cardinal Points W$D:mw7
24.3 Image Equations 70R_O&f-k
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ,k:>Z&:
24.5 Invariants ^m.%FIwR
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 8RZqoQDH
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships FYg{IKg
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions T!&VT;
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs \3rgwbF
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ?%>S5,f_
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces w0.;86<MV
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) H7 {kl
o8A(Cg}
"GxQ9=Z
Glossary </Dv?
Reference gHH[QLD=I
Index