"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 0~XZ
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition M>g\Y
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1 Introduction 6d3-GMUQ
1.1 Lens Design Books vvG#O[| O
1.2 Reference Material
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1.3 Specifications j kIgEF2d*
1.4 Lens Design '`Z5.<n7p
1.5 Lens Design Program Features :AB$d~${M>
1.6 About This Book F.JvMy3
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2 Automatic Lens Design i~6qOlLD-
2.2 The Merit Function F&lvofy23
2.3 Local Minima +Te;LJP
2.4 The Landscape Lens "M.vu}~>
2.5 Types of Merit Function +O@0gl
2.6 Stagnation wg=ge]E5
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing }A%Sx!7~
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization #Hr>KQ5mJQ
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 4`7:gfrO,
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 9IC|2w66
2.11 Spectral Weighting G? "6[w/p
2.12 How to Get Started Ytnk^/Z1L
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3 Improving a Design >h7qI-
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques (TV ye4Z
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) bgjo_!J+Pp
3.3 Splitting Elements 64>o3Hb2
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet Xo>P?^c4?
3.5 Compounding an Element {\L /?#
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ]QS?fs Z
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem Hinz6k6!
3.8 Balancing Aberrations G_~w0r#
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle yb#NB)+E@
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces t .&YD x
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design gI
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4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation nDSmr
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance [g:ZIl4p\P
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations w"O^CR)
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function [ENm(e$sI
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Ii/#cdgF
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5 Lens Design Data wYJ. F
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs uf (`I
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots shOQ/
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign M3350
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ^E8XPK]-~
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots $4y;F]
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot \4`~J@5Y
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6 Telescope Objective EC2KK)=n}
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet I_IDrS)O
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Ms. 1RCup
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective i*' 6"
6.4 Spherochromatism jX79Nm|
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration aCe<*;b@
6.6 Induced Aberrations F`;oe[wfk
6.7 Three-Element Objectives T<"Hh.h
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) N*N@wJy:5
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet NZSP*# !B
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design j^}p'w Tu{
6.11 A Final Note Tp&03
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers VQO6!ToKY
7.1 Eyepieces #`rvL6W q}
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs oO-kO!59y
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces UW*[)y w]
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular G%w hOIFRq
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces qr[H0f]
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces z^to"j
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier ixZ w;+h
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces Gk0f#;
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Bkvh]k;F8
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats q$Z.5EN
8.2 Glass Choice u;m[,
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations <taN3
8.4 Other Design Considerations 3zU!5tg
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens Z> jk\[
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet ,rT62w*e
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet M/XxiF
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses vq|o}6Et
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces $bRakF1'S
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 3>Ts7
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9 Split Triplets 8jW"8~Y#0
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets LwQq0<v
10.1 The Classic Tessar SR@yG:~
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac ZtPq*/'
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens L|Zja*
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets c`94a SnV
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar E Z95)pk
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats :uE:mY%R
11.1 Meniscus Components OTs vox|(
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon #%t&f"j2
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens dGU io?
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses pJ Iq`)p5
11.5 The Split Dagor zyyt`
11.6 The Dogmar v|:2U8YREf
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens !PX`sIkT
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens E^z\b *
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version
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12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens f$vWi&(
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet x9Veg4Z7
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet RN(>37B3_
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element I^>m-M.
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ?-mDvW
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay qP6Yn JWl
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13 Telephoto Lenses [jb3lO$Xa
13.1 The Basic Telephoto W<<{}'Db/#
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses wg<UCmfu!
13.3 Telephoto Designs ]PQ] f*Ik>
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch f;1DhAS
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ck-ab0n
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle Ml`tDt|;
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens jiS|ara"
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses ]B'Ac%Rx
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ~^#F5w"
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses U40adP? a
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens o4I&?d7;"
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens z8W@N8IqC
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener LgN\%5f-
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses P|mV((/m4
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems jx _n$D
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17 Microscope Objectives _jkH}o '
17.1 General Considerations "Uy==~
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front }1<_
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives q:A{@kFq_
17.4 Reflecting Objectives `uRf*-
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs Pe_mX*0
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems Z]-C,8MM
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ="fq.Tt
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems 0@;kD]Z
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems -oGJPl {r
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 2p3ep,
18.6 Unobscured Systems 3fC|}<Wzt
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 1eG@?~G
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 2K/+6t}
19.1 Infrared Optics Yv0;U Kd
19.2 IR Objective Lenses q0Rd^c
19.3 IR Telescope .eQIU$Kw!O
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders @bu5{b+8
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 9d ZE#l!Q
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses qucw%hJ r
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20 Zoom Lenses wm@/>X
20.1 Zoom Lenses z0ULB?*"
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras HA}pr6Z
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 6*@\Qsp615
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens :/e=J
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure &=SP"@D
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses *ml&}9
21.1 Projection TV Lenses lNV%R(
21.2 Macro Lenses ]V9z)uz
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses .\*3t/R=X
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ![H!Y W'
22.2 Scanner Lenses
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses #L\t)W
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23 Tolerance Budgeting D}Jhg`9
23.1 The Tolerance Budget LM_/:
23.2 Additive Tolerances !X 3/2KRP7
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget i?^Cc\gH
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24 Formulary 6MC*2}W
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions Up|\&2_
24.2 The Cardinal Points ,}&E=5MF\
24.3 Image Equations U].u) g$
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) Ck,.4@\tK
24.5 Invariants $mA+4ISK
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) ns.[PJ"8
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 1k@k2rE
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions &JoMrcEZ
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs A[juzOn\
24.10 Stop Shift Equations {},rbQ
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces }K=TB}yY
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) /Cd`h;#@
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Glossary l'~]8Wo1
Reference )Qve[O
Index