"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith m1X7zU Cy
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition zFq%[ X
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1 Introduction v|%41xOsr
1.1 Lens Design Books UphTMyn3
1.2 Reference Material Jj-\Eb?
1.3 Specifications OyZR&,q
1.4 Lens Design =Z^5'h~
1.5 Lens Design Program Features (F4e}hr&
1.6 About This Book N)X Tmh2v|
r<UVO$N
2 Automatic Lens Design k&dXK
2.2 The Merit Function ,MCTb '=G
2.3 Local Minima =Zq6iMD
2.4 The Landscape Lens VsQ|t/|#
2.5 Types of Merit Function H#TkIFo]
2.6 Stagnation )7>GXZG>=
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing
,&hv x
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization Hf`i~6
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 0\dmp'j]
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits PM\Ju]
2.11 Spectral Weighting }>xwiSF?
2.12 How to Get Started KZppQ0
DK IH{:L7
3 Improving a Design Cr5ND\
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques !#KKJ`uB"
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) QL/KY G
3.3 Splitting Elements *G58t`]r
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet =w$&n%~
3.5 Compounding an Element u"v7shRp:
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses v
Y[s#*+
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem U#3N90,N=
3.8 Balancing Aberrations nGF
+a[Z
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ],]Rv#`
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces @nktD.
uH[WlZ4
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design Rt8[P6e"q
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation ?:;;0kSk
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance V\L;EHtc$
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations tu
-a`h_NJ
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ,h*gd^i
4.5 Fabrication Considerations n7!T{+ge
A,~3oQV
5 Lens Design Data S#/BWNz|
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 8M5)fDu*?
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots $BwWQ?lp
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign Bz]tKJ
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF z=D5*
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Af|h*V4Xu
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot R]"Zv'M(AM
!M~:#k
6 Telescope Objective ,>j3zjf^
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet A0{xt*g
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective zj`c%9N+
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective
'LYDJ~
6.4 Spherochromatism 8~'cP?
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ^z
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6.6 Induced Aberrations #HcQ*BiF3
6.7 Three-Element Objectives |J&\/8Q
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) SyL"Bmi
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet b<a3Ue%
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 4:V
+>Jt
6.11 A Final Note )M8d\]
YgEd%Z%4
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers +Br<;sW
7.1 Eyepieces u3h(EAH>
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs k\OZ'dS
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces JU8}TX
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular $JFjR@j
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces Oc)n,D)0
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces a
,mgM&yD
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier ~?/7:S
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 7F"ljkN1S
) 57'<
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Ab$E@H#
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats c&D+=
8.2 Glass Choice 0}i
9`p
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations QytO0K5
8.4 Other Design Considerations / 4Q=%n
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens eu(Fhs
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet DwBe_h .
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet O@$>'Z
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses =]@Bc
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8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces `q}D#0
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness A+/Lt>+AS
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9 Split Triplets (Q{JI~P
HS=w9:,
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets /M5.Z~|/
10.1 The Classic Tessar {V[xBL
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10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 7] y3<t
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens LNL}R[1(
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets .\bJ,of9
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar IR/S`HD_
xbiprhdv
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats ~cr iZI/
11.1 Meniscus Components |1wZ`wGZ:L
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon UB@(r86d
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens {JWixbA
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses i?_Q@uA~<:
11.5 The Split Dagor o9sQ!gptw
11.6 The Dogmar b8a(.}8*
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens i7H([b<_m
n[/D>Pi
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens rT="ciQ
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version B+FTkJ0t+G
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens t(}Y /'
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ^aaj=p:cV
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 1=]#=)+
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 3\2&?VAjR
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ^(Gl$GC$Mu
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay !jP[=
8h
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13 Telephoto Lenses .Z7tE?
13.1 The Basic Telephoto /: !sn-(
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 9Zx| L/\
13.3 Telephoto Designs [?z;'O}y
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch ufR|V-BWx
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses li3X}
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle aR6~r^jB
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ,>6mc=p
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 65B&>`H~
dhLd2WSyH
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses covCa )kf
FUI/ A>
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses L<
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens s2sJJdN
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens D[T\_3W
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener .9DhD=8aIO
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses CS%ut-K<5M
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems L `2{H%J`
d3oRan}z
17 Microscope Objectives xfUV'=~(
17.1 General Considerations 25G~rklk
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front N#J8 4i;ry
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives *`s*l+0b
17.4 Reflecting Objectives :CM2kh"Iu
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs Z'AjeZyyE
m%U=:u7#M
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems `34+~;;Jh
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors B"7~[,he
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 5G<`c
18.3 Catadioptric Systems n~,6!S
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems y] Q/(O
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids Kd}%%L
18.6 Unobscured Systems M7DoAS{6e
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” BT:b&"AR[
x!4<ff.
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ^(*eo e
19.1 Infrared Optics ~LH).\V
19.2 IR Objective Lenses m=`V
19.3 IR Telescope %*L8W*V
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Ornm3%p+e
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems SM}&
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19.6 Microlithographic Lenses kaZcYuT.9
@C'qbO{
20 Zoom Lenses <95*z @
20.1 Zoom Lenses ZA4sEVHW
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras GyE5jh2
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens @M*5q# s
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens ]VVx2ERs
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 3qfQlqJ&3
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses yWYsN
21.1 Projection TV Lenses J<L"D/
21.2 Macro Lenses : 2L-Nf
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses f+Bv8 g
22.1 Monochromatic Systems r^d:Po
22.2 Scanner Lenses ovtZHq/
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses K`R
)q+;+J`>
23 Tolerance Budgeting #1>c)_H
23.1 The Tolerance Budget c"'JMq
23.2 Additive Tolerances (
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23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget uoY]@.
=sXk,I;
24 Formulary i/DUB<>p6
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions &-.2P!t
24.2 The Cardinal Points uY)|
24.3 Image Equations jivGkIj!8
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) y#{> tC
24.5 Invariants o
3 G*
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) ,|R\ Z,s
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships [{-;cpM\
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions k5Df97\s
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs WGMEZx
24.10 Stop Shift Equations /9u12R*<
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 7OZjLD{ID
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 6c#1Do(W+
)e\IdKl=
H|!|fo-Tx
Glossary o7@81QA!e
Reference y}lqF8s
Index