"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith [MEa @D<7N
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ~clWG-i
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1 Introduction OKU P
1.1 Lens Design Books w}1)am &pD
1.2 Reference Material 'RA[_Z
1.3 Specifications ^4fkZ h
1.4 Lens Design 2~@=ua[|=5
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Z ~nl{P#
1.6 About This Book ;4_n:XUgo;
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2 Automatic Lens Design 08`
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2.2 The Merit Function lR( &Wc\j
2.3 Local Minima sooh yK8
2.4 The Landscape Lens -( iJ<
2.5 Types of Merit Function U iSc*_N"
2.6 Stagnation 0PfFli`2;
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing } F.1j!71L
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization +\ySx^vi
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems >r*Zm2($MR
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits ` Q8 D[
2.11 Spectral Weighting
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2.12 How to Get Started &q U[ wn:1
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3 Improving a Design |}} ]&:w2
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ) )F. |w
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 4mAtYm
3.3 Splitting Elements Xm4wuX"e=
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 8vRiVJ8QS:
3.5 Compounding an Element {k*_'0
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses x -!FS h8q
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem yS43>UK_W+
3.8 Balancing Aberrations |l|]Tw
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle L8G4K)
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces < D^x6{}
; M(}fV]
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design c 5;ROnTm
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 3u^TJt )
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ayD\b6Z2.
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations %FU [ j^
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function -^5R51
4.5 Fabrication Considerations a#IJ<^[ 8
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5 Lens Design Data W% [5~N
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs ,54<U~Lg:
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots x\DkS,O
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign wl%1B64
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF hF~B&^dd.
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots f3>/6 C
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot _: L *{=N
f h^_=R(/
6 Telescope Objective 0- UeFy
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet P1QJ'eC;T
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective ie!4z34
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ASvP r*q/
6.4 Spherochromatism IMZKlU3
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration @_Zx'mTI
6.6 Induced Aberrations &J b.OCf
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ~30Wb9eL
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) WI6E3,ejB1
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet t}7wR TG
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design r ieQ&Jt"
6.11 A Final Note o zYI/b^
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers OK\% cq/U
7.1 Eyepieces ej;ta Kzj
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs DBUwf1=qj
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces qt(:bEr^6b
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular \bOjb\ w$
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces AG7}$O .
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces ?C:fP`j:
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier F4x7;?W{*
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces hYn'uL^~[
M 9#QS`G
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats |S{P`)z%f
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats bJ m0
8.2 Glass Choice L{f>;[FR
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations Wts{tb
8.4 Other Design Considerations {1aAm+
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens $O'2oeM
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet _,FoXf7
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet yk<jlVF$j
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses )6&\WNL-x
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces +{%(_ <
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness _oTT3[7 P
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9 Split Triplets DA$Q-
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Db=>7@h3C
10.1 The Classic Tessar //lZmyP?
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac rR@n>
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens
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10.4 Other Compounded Triplets fVUBCu
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar VaSNFl1_M
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats "g%:#'5
11.1 Meniscus Components ;j U-<
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 82za4u$q#
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens N&APqT
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses (D m"e`
11.5 The Split Dagor xY0QGQc a
11.6 The Dogmar i ?>>
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens yvWzc
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 8TZ A T%4
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version f WjS)
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens hlFU"u_
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet - `dxx)x
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Kn#xY3W6
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element kg I=0W>
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ~,!hE&LE~
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay :F>L;mp
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13 Telephoto Lenses *{dD'9Bg
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 62)lf2$1
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses {0 vbC/?]
13.3 Telephoto Designs h0 GdFWN
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch $^=jPk]+
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses Ag#5.,B-
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle uP{+?#a_-\
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 3cfZ!E~^kc
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 3TiXYH
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 9hR:y.
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses pm W6~%}*
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens j+13H+dN
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens M,\|V3s
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener oyN+pFVB:$
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses lv\F+?]a
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems <Xs @ \
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17 Microscope Objectives ;h-G3>Il
17.1 General Considerations GATP
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front @0UwI%.
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives RM^?&PM85
17.4 Reflecting Objectives oj^5G
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs }U?gKlLg
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems N
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18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors hDB`t
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18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems UOLTCp?M;J
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ##`;Eh0a
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems F`;TU"pDf
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids U-~*5Dd
18.6 Unobscured Systems XU;{ 28P
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” nXM9Px!
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems U= c5 zrs
19.1 Infrared Optics q-3J.VLJ5H
19.2 IR Objective Lenses hHfe6P
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19.3 IR Telescope Pa +AF
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders v E3{H
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems c+E//X|
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 6z p@#vYI
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20 Zoom Lenses F;?TR [4!k
20.1 Zoom Lenses 1&8j3"
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 2[8fFo>
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 1F3QI|
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens xS
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20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure W;OYO
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses , `[Z`SUk`
21.1 Projection TV Lenses {h vQ< 7b
21.2 Macro Lenses d6t)gG*5
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses j#LV7@H.e?
22.1 Monochromatic Systems q(ZB.
22.2 Scanner Lenses e-%7F]e
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses Eo7 _v
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23 Tolerance Budgeting -+
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget 8`Ac S|k
23.2 Additive Tolerances %2@ Tj}xa
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ?;:9
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24 Formulary KD, ^*FkkL
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions Ks49$w<
24.2 The Cardinal Points /@9-!cL
24.3 Image Equations r+[#%%}ea
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) -(/2_&"
24.5 Invariants ]b0zkoD9<
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) IL+ #ynC
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships O:`GL1{ve?
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ;S=62_ Un
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs Q oW ( tM
24.10 Stop Shift Equations #[k~RYS3
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces J+/}K>2#
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 2p$n*|T&c
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Glossary vpeq:h
Reference 'WKu0Yi^'
Index
