"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith [z\ba L|
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 3n)Kzexh
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1 Introduction C Avi P61T
1.1 Lens Design Books UAz^P6iQ`~
1.2 Reference Material <uBRLe`)
1.3 Specifications !4#qaH-Q
1.4 Lens Design #b&tNZ4!_
1.5 Lens Design Program Features ~9APc{"A
1.6 About This Book X0+E!~X$zM
Y|b,pC|,
2 Automatic Lens Design _ 1Rw~}O
2.2 The Merit Function ` ;mQ"lO
2.3 Local Minima OY(CB(2N
2.4 The Landscape Lens Jlb{1B$7
2.5 Types of Merit Function s*
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2.6 Stagnation yKrb GK*=_
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing N LQ".mM+
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization (Nz`w
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems j 7:r8? G
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 9[ X'9* ,
2.11 Spectral Weighting z.SKawm6T
2.12 How to Get Started nu+^D$ait
]=ApYg7!
3 Improving a Design +1yi{!j1
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques fQ1j@{X a
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) )M"NMUuU"
3.3 Splitting Elements S'$m3,l(k
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet UkD\ma
3.5 Compounding an Element KyT= :f
V
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses A0@,^|]
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 3O4lG e#u
3.8 Balancing Aberrations XZ8rM 4
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3.9 The Symmetrical Principle Q[#8ErUY
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces T#!% Uzz
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design t\QLj&h}E
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation "3]}V=L<5
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance B_[I/ ?
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations \reVA$M [
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function u/|@iWK:
4.5 Fabrication Considerations urkuG4cY
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5 Lens Design Data ;*zLf 9i
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs >G"fMOOkW
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ~.G$0IJY
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign PHT<]:"`<
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF u d)WH|Z
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots aj|PyX3P:
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot *szs"mQ/
R#ZJLT
6 Telescope Objective ]D5Maid+
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet VFF5 Tp
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective CDtL .a\
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 4?@#w>(
6.4 Spherochromatism [~|k;\2 +
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 6J JA"] `
6.6 Induced Aberrations uUHWTyoO
6.7 Three-Element Objectives s}Go")p<:
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) ]smu~t0\
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 5CcX' *P
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design z}-R^"40
6.11 A Final Note ( t&`m[>K
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers W\Sc ak>
7.1 Eyepieces , vvf k=-
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs $ e L-fg
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces RJ0,7 E<B
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular }yrs6pQ
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces r9bAbE
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7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces I*o6Bn
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7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier ]Z\ W%'q+
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces ZBY}Mz$
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats #
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats Rl0"9D87z
8.2 Glass Choice S/pU|zV[
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations Mi(6HMA.SF
8.4 Other Design Considerations X#0 yOS R
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens T>1#SWQ/9
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet !.V_?aYi8
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet cy
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8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses ,3}+t6O"
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces &Q"vXs6Gt
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 3I}AA.h'00
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9 Split Triplets "#0P*3-c
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets
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10.1 The Classic Tessar 3HP
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10.2 The Heliar/Pentac af6<w.i
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 6 mLC{X[
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets mP15PZ
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar # Dgkl
B[8 RBTsA
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats G='`*_$
11.1 Meniscus Components 1z2v[S&pk
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon V#b*:E.cA
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens >#mKM%T2MJ
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses T$r/XAs
11.5 The Split Dagor xZ2 1i QeN
11.6 The Dogmar N@k'
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens j +AZ! $E
yCkWuU9
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens \J?&XaO=
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ^qC.bv]&
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Dqwd=$2%
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet r :0RvWif
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet / M]P&Zb |
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element lc
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12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar n 78!]O
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay U$a)lcJd
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13 Telephoto Lenses (qc <'$o
13.1 The Basic Telephoto PPpaH!(D
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses >yVrIko
13.3 Telephoto Designs x?0(K=h,
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch u\xrC\Ka
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses :nnch?J_
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle = r`E%P:
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens A9DFZZ0
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses si]MQ\i+
R "t2=3K
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses qB $QC
],R\oMYy|P
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses h= YTgJ
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens V+0pvgS[
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens Td^62D;
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener l_
x jsu
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses d--6<_q
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems l!j=em@
9uc oQ@
17 Microscope Objectives 8r,0Qic2K
17.1 General Considerations jgpF+V-n$
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 4_CXs.v1
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives UNrO$aX!1'
17.4 Reflecting Objectives )
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs I7f :T N
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 6_9@s*=d>
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors 2ss *&BR.
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems gK * =T
18.3 Catadioptric Systems T`I4_x
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems r:U<cL T[9
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids pF~aR]Q
18.6 Unobscured Systems &;vMJ
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” YO@~y *,
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems sFgsEKs
19.1 Infrared Optics sC :.}6
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ~ me/ve
19.3 IR Telescope 1F2(MKOo!
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders %|2x7@&s
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems / (s N@kt
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses {FN4BC`3+
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20 Zoom Lenses J6z U#
20.1 Zoom Lenses e]:(.Wb- 9
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras v)zxQuH]^
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Q? Xqf7y
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens J]NMqi q
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure N_0B[!B]
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses m LHl]xs4
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ronZa0
21.2 Macro Lenses h)r=+Q\'(S
V )oKsO
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses leXdxpc
22.1 Monochromatic Systems `7V'A
22.2 Scanner Lenses u@4khN:
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 3XUie;*`
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23 Tolerance Budgeting cdL0<J b,
23.1 The Tolerance Budget .z,`{-7U
23.2 Additive Tolerances im mf\
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget #Y' ub
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24 Formulary ]6WP;.[
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions |A)a
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24.2 The Cardinal Points 'z};tIOKJk
24.3 Image Equations %L nG^L
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) kh"APxQ79
24.5 Invariants Sjmq\A88dc
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) xUB{{ 8B:L
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships \Dx)P[Ur
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions llpgi,-=
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs .7Itbp6=R
24.10 Stop Shift Equations X'7MW?
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces [5P1 pkZ
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) xZMAX}8 v
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X/S%0Aw Z
Glossary P[P]oT.N
Reference sFRQFX0XoY
Index
