"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith !Z2?dhS
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition *j RNpB{)z
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1 Introduction uG@Nubdwuy
1.1 Lens Design Books !lp*0h(7
1.2 Reference Material 77"'?
1.3 Specifications V~`
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1.4 Lens Design GZQy~Uk~
1.5 Lens Design Program Features >8+:{NW
1.6 About This Book yZ=wT,Y
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2 Automatic Lens Design PJLSDIeN
2.2 The Merit Function wB}s>o\
2.3 Local Minima ^6`"f
2.4 The Landscape Lens ZW
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2.5 Types of Merit Function NL%5'8F>,
2.6 Stagnation E'zLgU)r`
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing XhjH68S(
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization tWy0%
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2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems LO0<=4iN(
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits p=_K P9
2.11 Spectral Weighting 2bwf(
2.12 How to Get Started zts%oIgV
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3 Improving a Design
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques F1%-IBe
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) Q[J%
3.3 Splitting Elements E!w%oTx{OR
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet uuW._$.A>
3.5 Compounding an Element G$&SlJZEk
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 9q;n@q:29
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem o_hk!s^4m
3.8 Balancing Aberrations 8%v1[Wi
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 6jT+kq)
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 3:1
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ib8@U}Vn1
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation QQ^P IQj
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ibo{!>m
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations *^+8_%;1
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function swEE >=
4.5 Fabrication Considerations N9 yL(2
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5 Lens Design Data kX!TOlk3
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs | wuUH
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots >DqV^%2l
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign K1]m:Y<
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF Q^=drNV
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots CqGi
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5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ,x#5 .Koz
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6 Telescope Objective P5/\*~}
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ~kM# lh7At
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective *m$P17/C
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ";\na!MT
6.4 Spherochromatism 8wJfGY
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration #_)<~
6.6 Induced Aberrations X}Heaqn
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 4 0as7.q
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 1#BMc%
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ;Gf,$dbWn
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design @ov*Fh
6.11 A Final Note ^i>Tm9vM
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ? I7}4i7
7.1 Eyepieces VnqgN
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs hfzmv~*
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces aYc*v5QN3
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular >drG,v0qh
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces .dqV fa
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces X.^S@3[
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier $mfZ{
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces j?a^fcXB
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats V}c3}'_U]
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats (.Q.S[<Y
8.2 Glass Choice :Y/>] tS4
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations dV_ClH &)
8.4 Other Design Considerations y>4r<YZQ
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ,T:Uk*Bj
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet A{3VTe4TV
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet c;X8:Z=ja
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses )?es3Ehqq
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces &d1|B`gL|
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness ]Dj,8tf`H
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9 Split Triplets ,ddoII
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets aNd6#yU$
10.1 The Classic Tessar ([vyY}43h
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac TV&:`kH
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens T
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10.4 Other Compounded Triplets [diUO1p
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 5%` fh%
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats <]{$XcNm
11.1 Meniscus Components 'E_M,Y
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon dXwfOC\\
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens OPi><8x
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses gXrXVv<)yw
11.5 The Split Dagor &`]Lg?J
11.6 The Dogmar DcjF$E
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 32#|BBY
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 1a_R8j
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version by*?PhfF
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ~f:y^`+Q[
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet T;?=,'u
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet #RfNk;kaA
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element o p{DPUO0
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar fLGZ@-qA0
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay B4uJT~,7>
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13 Telephoto Lenses fv;3cxQp
13.1 The Basic Telephoto {nr}C4]o
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses l*l?aI
13.3 Telephoto Designs F},#%_4
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch *!mT#Vm^
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses x-hr64WFK
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ,RA;X
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 9n\b!*x
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses F=T};b
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 7,^.h<@K
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses zYCS K~-GW
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens vOF"p4 ^ 3
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 0`=>/Wr39
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener PN(P$6
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 84X/=l-c=
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems 1o
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17 Microscope Objectives :"ta#g'
17.1 General Considerations d_ [l{
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front r2h{#2
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives c] '-:=
17.4 Reflecting Objectives :gwM$2vv
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs t_Q\uo}
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems &/\Q 6$a
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors U8||)+
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems mdNIC
18.3 Catadioptric Systems #?3oGrS Y
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems j=],n8_i
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids _Hp[}sv4)
18.6 Unobscured Systems "/#=8_f
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” A.8[FkiNmD
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 3hD\6,@
19.1 Infrared Optics w>TlM*3D/
19.2 IR Objective Lenses (X{o =co,
19.3 IR Telescope wf,B/[,d
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ?as1^~
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems i(9 5=t(
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses }w|a^=HAp
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20 Zoom Lenses V Kw33
20.1 Zoom Lenses ^U8^P]{R|
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ?D,8lABkT
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 0Mo?9??
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens Zr#\>h 'c
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure qX%oLa
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses /=i+7^
21.1 Projection TV Lenses l|Y?]LNr
21.2 Macro Lenses [" PRxl
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses -ld1o+'`v!
22.1 Monochromatic Systems =[D
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22.2 Scanner Lenses vIQu"J&fE
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses `^G?+p2E
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23 Tolerance Budgeting XD8Q2un
23.1 The Tolerance Budget "oLY";0(=
23.2 Additive Tolerances ?E6C|A$I
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget `iQ9 9
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24 Formulary 9l&4mt;+&<
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions "T~ce@
24.2 The Cardinal Points ui!MQk+D9
24.3 Image Equations gY/p\kwsj
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) \-Ipa59U
24.5 Invariants Ty5}5)CRZ
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) mNDd>4%H_
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships z <jH{AU
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions J;#7dRW{
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs H]<@\g*l@P
24.10 Stop Shift Equations sqE? U*8.-
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 3qVDHDQ?ZV
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) av:9kPKm
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Glossary hTS?+l
Reference abw7{%2
Index