"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith U%@C<o
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 2 Uf/'
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1 Introduction hTEb?1CXU
1.1 Lens Design Books T&6>Eb0{
1.2 Reference Material
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1.3 Specifications fNx !'{o"
1.4 Lens Design Ue;Z)}
1.5 Lens Design Program Features a;;
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1.6 About This Book nJv=kk1|o
7O|`\&RY R
2 Automatic Lens Design L{IMZ+IB2|
2.2 The Merit Function D[]0/+,
2.3 Local Minima j`@`M*)GB
2.4 The Landscape Lens .UX4p
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2.5 Types of Merit Function (m Yi
2.6 Stagnation G!C }ULq
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 7>MG8 pf3a
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization fsEQ4xN'
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems J{a9 pr6
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits kFkI[WKyZ
2.11 Spectral Weighting 32aI0CT
2.12 How to Get Started l-c:'n
eF7I 5k4
3 Improving a Design L;?h)8
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques Ex]Ku
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 5Zhl@v,L%
3.3 Splitting Elements |%XcI3@*
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet &|'yqzS3
3.5 Compounding an Element e#}Fm;|d
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses m0.g}N-w
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem l9j = ;h
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ^%Y-~yB-
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle i E;F= Rb
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 862rol
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design =Sr<d|\O
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation (#85<|z
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance v
\; /P
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations PvW4%A@0
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ,vMAX?c
4.5 Fabrication Considerations | Axbx?
O. y ?q
5 Lens Design Data Fo ;J3<U)
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs /|&4&$
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots tG9C(D`G
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign <?D I !~
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF >;j&]]-&
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 0cf GI%
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot An?# B4:
WO!OaC?+B,
6 Telescope Objective {/5a F_0D.
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet T ]/> c
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective q6sb;?I
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ;{R;l F,
6.4 Spherochromatism G Zx*A S]+
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration >y#qn9rV1
6.6 Induced Aberrations dOaCdnd~
6.7 Three-Element Objectives c}),yQ|!:
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) s7 :_!Nd@8
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet H13\8Te{
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design )OQ<H.X
6.11 A Final Note x}WP1YyT~
tfm 3IX
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers xf7YIhL^*
7.1 Eyepieces #J5_z# -Q;
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs t3^`:T\
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces };P=|t(r
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular ,|z zq@fk
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces hG<[F@d
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces V)5,E>;EN
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier P&[&Dj
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces o F_r C[
km^ZF<. @
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 69:-c@ L0
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats .tHc*Eh
8.2 Glass Choice }? 6;; d#
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations S fY9PNck\
8.4 Other Design Considerations tGXH) =K
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens Vom,^`}
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet !:esdJH
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet Ii/{xVM D
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses <rui\/4NJ
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces G^VOA4
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness EX , {1^h
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9 Split Triplets #k>A,
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 6r@>n_6LY
10.1 The Classic Tessar NN+;I^NqW&
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac _"t>72
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens |tLD^ `bt
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets uz$p' Q
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar TOa6sB!H
K C(z TY
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats rL+.3ZO):P
11.1 Meniscus Components vE#8& Zq
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon i<tJG{A=
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens `pDTjJ
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses /S~ =qodS
11.5 The Split Dagor -lv(@7o~
11.6 The Dogmar ~mK +Q%G5
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens i tk/1
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ;qWSfCt/^
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version bNm]h.
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens SwO$UqYU=
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet BE~-0g$W
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet @}{uibLD\
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element iG~&uEAJ
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar #QSSpsF@
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay Q^@7Yg@l
J xLfDr,dy
13 Telephoto Lenses Q^05n$ tI
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 1_c%p#?K
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses KPjAk
13.3 Telephoto Designs /P]N40_@
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch _X=6M
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ke<5]&x
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle M:& %c3
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens z>
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14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses >*!^pbZfX
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses {&B0kjf
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses R2 J A(Hn
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens y; < }`
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens hJk:&!M=T
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener E?BF8t_fTE
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ]A#:Uc5
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems %,ScGQE
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17 Microscope Objectives &uBf sa$
17.1 General Considerations oJ" D5d,
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front lq, ]E/<&
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ,7k1n{C)
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ~ kDJ-V
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ,]]IJ;:w
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems A 2A_F|f
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors 'Yc^9;C(
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems p1 HbD`ST
18.3 Catadioptric Systems @>J(1{m=Gy
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems cN&:V2,
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ];b+f@
18.6 Unobscured Systems $MfRw
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” `R.Pz _oe
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems j?k| -0
19.1 Infrared Optics g)|vS>^~
19.2 IR Objective Lenses VhAJ1[k4!
19.3 IR Telescope I Xm[c@5l
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders zfg+gd)Z
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 7^LCP*
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Z'}%Mkm`i}
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20 Zoom Lenses Y3(I;~$!
20.1 Zoom Lenses Ze#DFe$
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 5 ddfdIp
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens ~%f$}{
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure V
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 83{P7PBQ;]
21.1 Projection TV Lenses {d0-.
21.2 Macro Lenses \+l_H4\`K
cx &\oP
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses E'( nJ
22.1 Monochromatic Systems k hD)x0'b
22.2 Scanner Lenses zDbO~.d
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses SBD Gms
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23 Tolerance Budgeting O|^J;fS:
23.1 The Tolerance Budget i ? uX'apk
23.2 Additive Tolerances 7l~^KsX
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget o8 hE.pf&
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24 Formulary tm2lxt
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions V |}9bNF
24.2 The Cardinal Points [^6z>
24.3 Image Equations $N;J )
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) j|N<6 GSke
24.5 Invariants #<Xq\yC51
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) e5n]@mu%
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships bqp^\yu-E
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions {&B_b|g*fW
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ~/z%yg
24.10 Stop Shift Equations la!U
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces rXE0jTf:a
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Md~._@`|K
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Glossary X# ud5h
Reference ]7yxXg
Index
