"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith lVKF^-i
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition >?Y3WPB<F
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1 Introduction vcUM]m8k
1.1 Lens Design Books "Mu$3w
1.2 Reference Material YJ;a{)e
1.3 Specifications A 5\"e^>
1.4 Lens Design 4?6'~G$k
1.5 Lens Design Program Features |@uhq>&
1.6 About This Book iS^^Z ZyR
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2 Automatic Lens Design N_~Wu
2.2 The Merit Function MDXQj5s^
2.3 Local Minima mm~o%1|WR
2.4 The Landscape Lens -
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2.5 Types of Merit Function 2LK*Cv[
2.6 Stagnation {Eb2<;1o{
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing Sr-^faL
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization >!WBlSy
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems AFnlt
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits "B{xC}Tw
2.11 Spectral Weighting (]uoN4
2.12 How to Get Started S+=@d\S}"
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3 Improving a Design pPqbD}p
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques XT;IEZQZ
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) dXSb%ho
3.3 Splitting Elements `rFGSq$9
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet oA^
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3.5 Compounding an Element x[<#mt
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses D}C*8s bC}
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem c;fyUi
3.8 Balancing Aberrations uaMm iR
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle $+yQ48Wq
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces h3ZL0Fi*
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 8YkH
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation q+=@kXs>+
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance bSKV|z/x
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations .ceU @^
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function {.[,ee-)9
4.5 Fabrication Considerations ]$%4;o4O
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5 Lens Design Data )=y6s^}
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 3).c[F^l
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots UmMYe4LQR
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign )Syf5I
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF "U~@o4u;
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 8&iI+\lCy
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot &dMSX}t
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6 Telescope Objective 6aK2{-+
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 3^Q U4
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Al;oI3
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective G(,~{N||
6.4 Spherochromatism Ny<G2!W
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 4E94W,1%,Y
6.6 Induced Aberrations n ]g,)m
6.7 Three-Element Objectives y^fU_L?p
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) mhSsOmJ5
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Uv$u\D+@[
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design \Xp"I5
6.11 A Final Note nf^k3QS\
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers QxL
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7.1 Eyepieces pNsLoNZ3w
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs @_Oe`j^
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces meWq9:z
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular LR.+CxQ
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 2fA9L _:0
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces "C|l3X'
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier r\D8_S_
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces )x s,
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats RlL,eU$CS
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 1Ac1CsK*
8.2 Glass Choice Z*B(L@H
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations oVgNG!/c0
8.4 Other Design Considerations 6XU5T5+P^
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens LxDhthZi_
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet \C.@ @4{
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet q{(&:~M
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 32/P(-
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces IH}L1i A)
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness (`*wiu+i
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9 Split Triplets nJ@hzK.
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets vGDo?X~#o
10.1 The Classic Tessar {<n)zLy
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac !X_~|5.
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens k"c_x*f
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets e8v=n@0
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar s]>%_(5
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats {P+[CO
11.1 Meniscus Components jXR+>=_
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon #{1fb%L{i
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 1=.?KAXR
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ,:{+
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11.5 The Split Dagor </p.OaNe
11.6 The Dogmar -/?<@*n
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ,oil}N(
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens _Y=yR2O
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version xx8na8
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens YJ$
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12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet j&5Xjl>4
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet l"8YI sir
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element s,x]zG"
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar g7-K62bb
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 3\7$)p+c
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13 Telephoto Lenses E
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13.1 The Basic Telephoto \eCdGx?
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 470Pig>I8
13.3 Telephoto Designs m6D4J=59
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch *Y~64FM
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses :Ib\v88WIv
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 0b'R5I.M
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ":ycyN@g
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses EK_^#b
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses #4>F%_
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ;U&VPIX$
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens S y~ 1U
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens KMZ`Wn=
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener {'%=tJ[YX
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses %<t/xAge
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems \BW(c)Q
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17 Microscope Objectives 6s;x@g]
17.1 General Considerations
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17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front )SuJK.IF
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives g,nE iL
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ~4 ab\hq
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs lRb)Tz6SE
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems rH,N.H#]
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors Qsa2iw{
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems z~qQ@u|
18.3 Catadioptric Systems RiklwR#~r/
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems szHUHW~;J
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids &n|gPp77$
18.6 Unobscured Systems *6L^A`_1]
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” @Klj!2cv$
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems =RA6 p
19.1 Infrared Optics `0D+x
19.2 IR Objective Lenses U N/.T
19.3 IR Telescope V|=
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19.4 Laser Beam Expanders V.J%4&^X
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems <,{v>vlw
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses P1<;:!8'
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20 Zoom Lenses @)B_e*6>'
20.1 Zoom Lenses sdLFBiR
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras (c"!0v
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens SDkN
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 4.8,&{w<m
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure Rjf|
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses PA E)3
21.1 Projection TV Lenses r"+
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21.2 Macro Lenses 'py
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses $aG'.0HW
22.1 Monochromatic Systems WKG=d]5
22.2 Scanner Lenses =GF+hM/~
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 0pQ>V)
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23 Tolerance Budgeting <:?&}'aA
23.1 The Tolerance Budget m#Cp.|>kP4
23.2 Additive Tolerances )~6974
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget q~qig,$Y
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24 Formulary gU`QW_{
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions &+\wYa,
24.2 The Cardinal Points }~7>S5
24.3 Image Equations }V 1sY^C
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) wdg[pt
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24.5 Invariants HBt?cA '
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) Y, P-@(
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships ?F-,4Ox{/
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ]C!u~A\jq
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs Ac|`5'/Tx
24.10 Stop Shift Equations eu#| |
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces _?{2{^v
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) pH4i6B*5
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Glossary KT3[{lr
Reference 0xC!d-VIJ
Index