"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith uIBV1Qz
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition hQO~9mQ+!
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1 Introduction IU/*YI%W
1.1 Lens Design Books URwFN OM2
1.2 Reference Material z$A5p4=B'^
1.3 Specifications h2y@xnn
1.4 Lens Design MwZ`NH|n3"
1.5 Lens Design Program Features $!t! =
1.6 About This Book X$<?:f-
"[G
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2 Automatic Lens Design 4Y'qoM;
2.2 The Merit Function
7)YU ;
2.3 Local Minima );C !:?
2.4 The Landscape Lens 5m/r,d^H
2.5 Types of Merit Function XyhdsH5%3!
2.6 Stagnation 3j2}n
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2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 2w%1\TcB$
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization /lUb9&yV
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems r\yj$Gu>(
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 6Rso}hF}}
2.11 Spectral Weighting _ge3R3
2.12 How to Get Started v/)dsSNZ0u
dW91nTQ:
3 Improving a Design q\ ?6-?Mr
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques =,sMOJc>
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) P5Fm<f8\
3.3 Splitting Elements lA{Sr0fTP
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet `XTu$+
3.5 Compounding an Element h><;TAp
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses xi-^_I
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem fO9e ;
3.8 Balancing Aberrations %_5B"on
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle X)Kd'6zg
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces QkA79%;j
idV4hMF9
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design iNha<iS+
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation "8s0~[6S
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance nF05p2Mh
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations $ U<xrN>O
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function z"R-Sme
4.5 Fabrication Considerations WJ=^r@Sf
v50=D/&w
5 Lens Design Data ^;N+"oq!y
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs U<*ZY` B3
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ;A1pqHr
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign S=2-<R
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ?DA,]aa-
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots |0dmdrKD
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot [|e7oNT(Q
10{ZW@!7
6 Telescope Objective ](:aDHa
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet yX?& K}JI
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 0d~>zKho
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective q@H?ohIH
6.4 Spherochromatism g*TAaUs|n
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 0 @~[SXR
6.6 Induced Aberrations O:WFh;c
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ]HCu tq
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) I HgYgn
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Rcfh*"k
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design a=T_I1
6.11 A Final Note }hv>LL
x~rIr#o
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers 5v<BB`XWp
7.1 Eyepieces G$<FQDvs
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs xQT`sK+
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces R&PQU/t)
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular HNu/b)-Rb
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces `9SuDuw;s
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces hlWTsi4N
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier aOFF"(]Cl
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces UEbRg =6
#p_3j 0S
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats UJ3l8
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats .gh3"
8.2 Glass Choice x'tYf^Va28
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations p)NhV
8.4 Other Design Considerations :80!-F*\
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ]-FK6jw
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet ]~iOO
%&R
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet t&MJSFkiA
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses `'H"|WsT
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces gh>'O/9
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness O:3LA-vA
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9 Split Triplets KAH9?zI)M
k \rzvo=U
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets ]c%yib
10.1 The Classic Tessar J-yj&2
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac hDTiXc
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 1D159 NLB
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets AvnK?*5!@
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar x@/ N9*
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats frV* +
11.1 Meniscus Components {YnR]|0&
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon PEqO<a1Z8
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens WxwSb`U|
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ,[fn? s r
11.5 The Split Dagor #'m&<g,
11.6 The Dogmar {nTQc2T?;
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens xDv5'IGBb
W3K&C[f
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens G=?2{c}U
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version }NX9"}/
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens v[4A_WjT
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet '@OqWdaR
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet
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12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element xe ng`!
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar
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12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay !J<}=G5
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13 Telephoto Lenses I{>U 7i
5
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 2(SK}<X
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 8z,i/:
13.3 Telephoto Designs H(f~B<7q
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch s"1:#.u
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses +RIG8w]
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ,PG d
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ]7H ?
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses G01 J1Ll}
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ?$rSbw
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses v0pyyUqS
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens Koh`|]N
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens k+*DPo@)
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener SSi-Z
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 8<z]rLQw?%
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ?QzA;8H
vj?v7
17 Microscope Objectives 6.]x@=Wm
17.1 General Considerations j\V9o9D
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front mDn*v(
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17.3 Flat-Field Objectives KEfn$\
17.4 Reflecting Objectives m%8idjnG
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs -C9_gZ
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems -49z.(@ki
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors m@K5eh
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems A0x"Etbw)
18.3 Catadioptric Systems 6#NptXB
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems M[wd.\
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18.5 Confocal Paraboloids XY(3!>/eQ[
18.6 Unobscured Systems 2{t i])
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” R#ayN*
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ]e0yC
19.1 Infrared Optics _c}@Fi+E
19.2 IR Objective Lenses rDNz<{evj
19.3 IR Telescope 79:Wo>C3-
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders _I;+p eq
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems PCl@Ff
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses r81YL
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20 Zoom Lenses 4@6!E^
20.1 Zoom Lenses ; z_ZZ(W
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras F.P4c:GD
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens ]d#Lfgo
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens J 00<NRxj"
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure W@NM~+)e
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ZKKz?reM'
21.1 Projection TV Lenses "kC uCc
21.2 Macro Lenses b&.j>=
j-2`yR
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses m=&j2~<i
22.1 Monochromatic Systems $YvT*
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22.2 Scanner Lenses g0 ec-
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ]PVPt,c
m x@F^
23 Tolerance Budgeting 5Cxh>,k
23.1 The Tolerance Budget /sY(/ JE
23.2 Additive Tolerances )&di
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23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget SdhdXVZ
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24 Formulary XQ.czj
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions g|*2O}<
24.2 The Cardinal Points `Z]Tp1U
24.3 Image Equations jR7 , b5
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) U#G[#sd> K
24.5 Invariants <mlQn?u
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) ~[XDK`B
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships xP3_
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions E",s]
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 8[(eV.
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 21GjRPs\
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces j &)Xi^^
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) uyP)5,
x.ZV<tDi7
XNwY\y
Glossary M= !Fb
Reference `*e',j2}UU
Index