"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith _0jR({\
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition @uH!n~QV
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1 Introduction ^3TNj
1.1 Lens Design Books a8f#q]TyQ
1.2 Reference Material >Jmla~A
1.3 Specifications ly-(F2
1.4 Lens Design N^dQX,j
1.5 Lens Design Program Features !JDr58
1.6 About This Book FDQ=$w}'>
Xva(R<W7d<
2 Automatic Lens Design \ dFE.4
2.2 The Merit Function w.-x2Zg},
2.3 Local Minima W48RZghmx
2.4 The Landscape Lens %+H _V1F
2.5 Types of Merit Function !,$#i
2.6 Stagnation *qwN9b/!
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing >I|8yqbfm
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ?1D!%jfi
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 393c |8M
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits Sv T0%2
2.11 Spectral Weighting 3uocAmY
2.12 How to Get Started ,7LfvZj4[
"esuLQC
3 Improving a Design F(yR\)!C
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques A$=ny6
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) Lw}-oE
!U
3.3 Splitting Elements oI;ho6y)
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet gS5REC4I/
3.5 Compounding an Element 6u0>3-[6OD
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 2%sZaM
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem %dzt'uz
3.8 Balancing Aberrations [UA*We 1
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle fAgeF$9@
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces $6a9<&LP_
w'K7$F51
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 9j:]<?D,A
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation @."K"i'Bl
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance t1Fqq4wRi
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations !0W(f.A{K
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function @G"nkB
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 2g=
6s
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5 Lens Design Data V: D;?$Jl
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs w7Yu} JY^
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots p^pd7)sBr
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign e*2^
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF zMv`<m%
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots nQ\` ]_C
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot H?=W]<!W{y
O>' }q/
6 Telescope Objective 8"j $=T6;W
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet \J+a7N8m,
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective x4I!f)8Q
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ,<U=
7<NU
6.4 Spherochromatism NV*
2
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration wH ,PA:
6.6 Induced Aberrations \}$|Uo$O
6.7 Three-Element Objectives yv4x.cfI2W
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 93]63NY
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet WqA)V,E
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 3Y)&[aj
6.11 A Final Note 8J3#(aBm
HPt3WBRzS;
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers >%tP"x{
7.1 Eyepieces R4'.QZ-x
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs G<?RH"RZr
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces b-_l&;NWg
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular rr
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7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces G3_7e A#;
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces N|yA]dg[
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier PEI$1,z
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces PaaMh[OmG
D`p2a eI
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats NPH(v`
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats xw8k<`
8.2 Glass Choice hoFgs9
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations [)I^v3]U
8.4 Other Design Considerations }ppApJT
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens oDZZ
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet mfj{_fR3
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet E{Wn&?i>A
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses ?ES{t4"
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ] V/5<O1
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness <9]"p2
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9 Split Triplets 0kUhz\"R:q
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 2!6hB sEr
10.1 The Classic Tessar +PYV-@q
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac }@bp v
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens &b@_ah+f
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets < dE7+w
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar GG#-x$jK
^6l5@#)w
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats MEI&]qI
11.1 Meniscus Components D\G 8p;
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon $(62j0mS>
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Ov(k:"N
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 570ja7C:
11.5 The Split Dagor Sqp91[,
11.6 The Dogmar 1jx?zvE,
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens !*c%Dj
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 3mo<O}}
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version QHv]7&^rlj
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens I]HYqI
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet Ls2,+yo]>
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Zdrniae
ah
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element #`@)lU+/
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar yHY2 SXm
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay Wgf
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13 Telephoto Lenses x<t?Yc9
13.1 The Basic Telephoto CM~x1f *v
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Ne9VRM
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13.3 Telephoto Designs T7qp ({v?Q
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch &4wSX{c/P
6Lq8#{/]u
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses xRZ K&vkKE
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle tG]W!\C'h
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 7IUJHc[R?
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses Vb\^xdL>
+ $M<ck?Bo
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses qW3XA$g|j'
m!INbIh
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses aAcQmq TT
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens &xr (Kb
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens "wVisL2+.
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener {%2p(5FB
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses :"Vmy.xq
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems UJS
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?RE"<L
17 Microscope Objectives :EPe,v RT
17.1 General Considerations `MT.<5H
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front D!,'}G#
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives YPs9Pqkn
17.4 Reflecting Objectives s&%r?
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs )"Ujx`]4r
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems HII@Ed f?
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ']!wc8m1"
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ^K<!`B
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ,A#gF_8
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 0{!-h
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids L{ej<0 yr
18.6 Unobscured Systems &w=ul'R98
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” uv$utu><
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ZXj*Vu$_4
19.1 Infrared Optics P e}
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19.2 IR Objective Lenses vqF=kB"P
19.3 IR Telescope ,-n_(U
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders t[HsqnP
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 6EY0Fjsi
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses O*F= xG
M )v='O<H8
20 Zoom Lenses OgK' ~j
20.1 Zoom Lenses TCgW^iu
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras XB[EJGaX
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens juWbd|ad"
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure Eg4&D4TGp
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses dF&@q,
21.1 Projection TV Lenses "-HWw?rx/
21.2 Macro Lenses T7Y+ WfYh
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses >qMzQw2
22.1 Monochromatic Systems : t
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22.2 Scanner Lenses vgn,ZcX
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses :VR%I;g ;
dM -<aq
23 Tolerance Budgeting ?5[$d{ Gjl
23.1 The Tolerance Budget fG@]G9Z
23.2 Additive Tolerances $7O3+R/=
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ^= kr`5
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24 Formulary j\@&poJ(,
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions CQ{pv3)
24.2 The Cardinal Points 7?y([i\y
24.3 Image Equations s?9`dv}P
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) Rd@?2)Xm
24.5 Invariants 02[*b
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 7Zft]C?|@
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships b.
:2x4
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions I!Fd~g9I4
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs QNZ#SG8
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 5z.Y}
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces Q ~eh_>"
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ;6=*E '
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bhKe"#m|S
Glossary 94lz?-j
Reference /i"1e:cK
Index