"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith tK*f8X+q
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ^8)d8?}
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1 Introduction 3 a`-_<
1.1 Lens Design Books YQOGxSi
1.2 Reference Material (ydeZx
1.3 Specifications =*I9qjla[?
1.4 Lens Design AyDK-8a
1.5 Lens Design Program Features v)06`G
1.6 About This Book HO>uS>+
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2 Automatic Lens Design vEkz5$
2.2 The Merit Function H{8\<E:V+}
2.3 Local Minima p5\b&~
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2.4 The Landscape Lens [(XKqiSV
2.5 Types of Merit Function ?a%
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2.6 Stagnation -c
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2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing !TcjB;q'
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ?QgWW
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ?`xId;}J#7
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits ofJ@\xS
2.11 Spectral Weighting ,aeFEsi
2.12 How to Get Started WG,{:|!E
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3 Improving a Design O;~1M3Ii
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques /D12N'VaE
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) " 1Bn/Q
3.3 Splitting Elements LS`Gg7]S
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet hn-S$3')`
3.5 Compounding an Element H:`r!5&Qb5
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses PF~&!~S>W
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem ^t"\PpmK<d
3.8 Balancing Aberrations $d'Gh2IGA
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle +q1@,LxN
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces \*7Tj-#
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ^>>Naid
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation QL3%L8
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance CzgLgh;:T
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations \6o
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function S}>rsg!
4.5 Fabrication Considerations plca`
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5 Lens Design Data g$ h!:wW
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs b|EZ;,i
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots {x+jFj.
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign B=f{`rM)~W
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF `'~|DG}a
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots VGSe<6Hh
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot _z_uz\#,
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6 Telescope Objective 2`;
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6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet pl%ag~i5
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective [p(Y|~
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ,E_hG3}}
6.4 Spherochromatism nD!^0?
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration QDU^yVa_
6.6 Induced Aberrations A&z
6.7 Three-Element Objectives
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) j0Q;OKu
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet |
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design B!,})F$x
6.11 A Final Note 9%4rO\q
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers %;gD_H4mm
7.1 Eyepieces zITXEorF!J
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs _c[t.\-`]
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces @+\OoOK<L
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular ztf (.~
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces )+{'p0
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces /0 zk &g
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier {1FYHM^
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces xX}vxhN
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 8G9V8hS1#B
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 2Ddrxc>48
8.2 Glass Choice srUpG&Bcx
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations &DgIykqN
8.4 Other Design Considerations k)4
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens qUCiB}
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet zp d4uto5
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet % nJ'r?+h
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses n*U1
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8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces Ehg5u'cj
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness KVJiCdg-
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9 Split Triplets 6zyozJA
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 0LxA+
10.1 The Classic Tessar 0?k/vV4
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac "Y4tt0I
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens gg5`\}
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets X|X6^}
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar lepgmQ|oY
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats {4UlJ,Z.n
11.1 Meniscus Components WnA]gyc
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon +.{_n(kU
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 9;kWuP>k4u
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses iz>a0~(K
11.5 The Split Dagor b bX2D/
11.6 The Dogmar 6:J @
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens M++*AZ
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens v@[MX- ,8
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ?:~ `?
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens [K,&s8N5
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet Ry tQNwv3
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 8z\WyDz
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element \3Ys8umKq
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar B$aboL2
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay I
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13 Telephoto Lenses }Z"<KF
13.1 The Basic Telephoto (q*Za
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses P6dIU/w
13.3 Telephoto Designs !ZHPR:k|
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch }fUV*U:3
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses xqX~nV#TB
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle >i-cR4=LL{
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens qVx0VR1:
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses >cQ*qXI0
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses dyD=R
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ^7V9\Q9
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens hBOI:4u[
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens mq do@
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener w*OZ1|
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses \,oT(p4N%M
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems iE0A-;:5
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17 Microscope Objectives
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17.1 General Considerations `dx+Qp
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front [-=PK\ B
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives lmgMR|v
17.4 Reflecting Objectives _\1wLcFj
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs JIQS'r
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems T1LtO O
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ;a[56W
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 8J7xs6@
18.3 Catadioptric Systems
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18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems NyFa2Ihd
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids y!h$Z6.
18.6 Unobscured Systems &1{RuV&t
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Nj@k|_1
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems .TSj8,
19.1 Infrared Optics <U (gjX
19.2 IR Objective Lenses >| rID
19.3 IR Telescope }b\e2ZK
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Y, )'0O
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems eh&? BP?
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 2X&~!%-
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20 Zoom Lenses jxm.x[1ki^
20.1 Zoom Lenses k:nr!Y<
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras r=~yUT
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 1>[3(o3t
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens m>yk4@a
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ;@Alr?y
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses W7c(]
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses F<M#T
21.2 Macro Lenses 7%c9 nY
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses fILINW{Yk)
22.1 Monochromatic Systems }5z6b>EI9a
22.2 Scanner Lenses
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 3?|Fn8dQR.
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23 Tolerance Budgeting ka0T|$ u(s
23.1 The Tolerance Budget Zrr3='^s
23.2 Additive Tolerances ZT5t~5W
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget u-=S_e
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24 Formulary L= O,OS+
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions x}[/A;N
24.2 The Cardinal Points :bkACuaEn
24.3 Image Equations iW(HOsA
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 7[rn
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24.5 Invariants +ByxhSIr
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) s4<[f%^
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 2Vxr
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions N)K};yMf
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs mT
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24.10 Stop Shift Equations [
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ,B(UkPGT
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) f ?_YdVZ
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Glossary `C%,Nj
Reference IHZ WNT2
Index