"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith i{16&4 '
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ; !C_}P
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1 Introduction 2m"c K^
1.1 Lens Design Books !
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1.2 Reference Material -$X4RS
1.3 Specifications |?]doBm|
1.4 Lens Design z4~p(tl
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Y;'SD{On
1.6 About This Book WEJ-K<A(
'F#dv[N
2 Automatic Lens Design l|{[vZpT
2.2 The Merit Function (tX)r4VU
2.3 Local Minima
]G
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f
2.4 The Landscape Lens )Ay 9 0Wt
2.5 Types of Merit Function 1J72*`4O K
2.6 Stagnation I~6 o<HO
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing !{ {gL=_@
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 6`vW4]zu
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 4UUbX
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits y=.bn!u}z
2.11 Spectral Weighting u:f.; ?
2.12 How to Get Started MTN*{ug2:
rL&Mq}7QK
3 Improving a Design ktS^^!,l %
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ~A1! !rJX
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 6B%
h
3.3 Splitting Elements o(H.1ESk
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet +j K- k_
3.5 Compounding an Element 2wDDVUwy B
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses H Tv#2WX
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 0AdxV?6z
3.8 Balancing Aberrations GKjtX?~1
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 6Ol9P56j
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces JT!9LNh;R`
x} nBU q:
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design TVx
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4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation I{r*Y9
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance R&BWCC{
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations pkae91
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function Lr 5{c5M
4.5 Fabrication Considerations W &:0J
&oq 0XV.M^
5 Lens Design Data @K+gh#
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs tXH;4K@
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots D/~1?p
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign la)^`STh
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF i;U*Y
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5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots AWYlhH4c?t
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 1^2Q`~,g
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6 Telescope Objective eU@Mv5&6
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet @4D{lb"{
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Z/:F)c,x
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 9 Li*L&B)
6.4 Spherochromatism \wk ;Bo
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration C}pm>(F~
6.6 Induced Aberrations _^NaP
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 5lJL[{
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) ~59lkr8
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Um 6}h@>
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 'Q xJU$
6.11 A Final Note kY'Wf`y(
K%+4M #jj5
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers kHylg{i{"
7.1 Eyepieces FZ ?eX`,
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs q(: L8nKT]
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces GT)7VF rL
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Z#-N$%^F
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces <j>;5!4!}
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces X,_K
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7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier P1T {5u!T
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces Wm`*IBWA
T|wz%P<J
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats h=gtuaR4
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats * bf 5A9
8.2 Glass Choice HXSryjF?
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations hN6wp_
8.4 Other Design Considerations qb fX(`nS
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens QfAmGDaYQ
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 1 ' U
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet ;Vat\,45pg
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses vm_]X{80;
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces m2jts(stp
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness Z>bNU
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9 Split Triplets *c [w9(fU
<tF q^qB
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets ?x&}ammid
10.1 The Classic Tessar x@Z{5w_a
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac )Bn
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 6h)_{|
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10.4 Other Compounded Triplets X 5[vQ3^
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 4Ii 5V
c
P>iZ gv
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats hE 5? G;
11.1 Meniscus Components ]zaTX?F:
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon FEu"b@v
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens LdG? kbJ&y
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses B
os`+Y
11.5 The Split Dagor >fI\f <ez
11.6 The Dogmar QJ;dw8
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens x>Q% hl
g:)iEw> a
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens */aQ+%>jf
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version G6zFQ\&f
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens 6384 $mT,S
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet {{Ox %Zm
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Z/G#3-5)p
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element g^+p7G
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar CO@G%1#
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay SR?mSpq5
O[t?*m1/
13 Telephoto Lenses E-.X%xfO
13.1 The Basic Telephoto U'ctO %
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses vRC >=y*=
13.3 Telephoto Designs _MTZuhY
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch B._YT
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses p4f9v:b[
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ,zM@)Q ;9
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 7:?\1 a
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses ]VKQm(,0
R)JH D7
1
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses SgewAng?@o
f m-m?=
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses A/2$~4,
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens -_t4A *
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 9h\RXVk{tA
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener "ymR8 y'
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Ue 9Y+'-x
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Y,0Z&6 <
;UTM9.o[
17 Microscope Objectives /-FV1G, h
17.1 General Considerations ;hDk gp
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front NJsa TBT
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 2sIt~ Gn
17.4 Reflecting Objectives :VP4: J^
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs (@XQ]S}L
@,.D]43
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems %50)?J=zB
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors r+C4<-dT
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems )m;*d7l~p
18.3 Catadioptric Systems W..*!UGl
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems LEPLoF3,
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 2 kVZlt'y
18.6 Unobscured Systems "JSIn"/
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” n46!H0mJ
uOzoE_i
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Qf^c }!I
19.1 Infrared Optics p% mHxYP
19.2 IR Objective Lenses p =nbsS~":
19.3 IR Telescope K:'^f? P
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ,3_Sf ?
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 8]`#ax
5
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses vq(#Ih2
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20 Zoom Lenses T}^3 Re`i
20.1 Zoom Lenses &j 1-Ouy
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras d X/7n=
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens ZtO$kK%q;
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens kVWcf-f
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure tlp,HxlP
! Ea >tQ|
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ?lD)J ?j
21.1 Projection TV Lenses .o`Io[io
21.2 Macro Lenses p*0[:/4
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses r c[~S
22.1 Monochromatic Systems 7d%x 7!E
22.2 Scanner Lenses M#o .O?.`
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses J78.-J5 j0
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23 Tolerance Budgeting 2
G_KTYJ
23.1 The Tolerance Budget d]s^?=gM
23.2 Additive Tolerances C `_/aR6
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget yR| 2><A
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24 Formulary q]OIP "yv
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions _x(hlHFk
24.2 The Cardinal Points Ed u(dZbKg
24.3 Image Equations _N|%i J5
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) #fa, }aj
24.5 Invariants HJ ]v-
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) /jJD
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24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships fdK E1,;
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions #T8o+tv
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs &P9fM-]b
s
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ZT!8h$SE:
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces j
H2)8~P
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) &Iy5@8
N8Rq7i3F?a
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Glossary (K=0c 6M3=
Reference w*XM*yJHU
Index
