"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith $k2)8 #\
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition +m$5a
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1 Introduction WjMRH+
1.1 Lens Design Books 79Bg]~}Z
1.2 Reference Material \ e:d)^cbh
1.3 Specifications V[hK2rVH.
1.4 Lens Design 6m`{Z`c$
1.5 Lens Design Program Features J !#Zi#8sF
1.6 About This Book Fi;VDK(V9
T] | d5E
2 Automatic Lens Design xHkxc}h
2.2 The Merit Function d#_m.j
2.3 Local Minima :BZ0 7`9
2.4 The Landscape Lens r6.N4eW.L
2.5 Types of Merit Function EESN\_{~.
2.6 Stagnation bI
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2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing _N#&psQzw
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization j4.&l3
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ;5S}~+j
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits SBf FZw)
2.11 Spectral Weighting 1(gfdx9|b
2.12 How to Get Started 9`Q@'(m
Wd 2sh
3 Improving a Design tS?lB05TOR
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques h%}(h2W
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) p+w8$8)
3.3 Splitting Elements Fwfo2
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet v[ ,Src
3.5 Compounding an Element wyY*:{lZ
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses x0+glQrNN
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem \U @3`
3.8 Balancing Aberrations %u!XzdG
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle r/r:oXK
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 0!#;j{JQ
!{%G0(Dv
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ]T<^{jG
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation Qi=*1QAkr
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance S*t%RZ~a
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations AFm1t2,+;
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function shFc[A,r}
4.5 Fabrication Considerations q-AN[_@
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5 Lens Design Data <Oz66bTze
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs L\ j:
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 3LK%1+)4
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 96Zd M=
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF h4`9Cfrq ,
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Zhi})d3l
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot "4 k-dj
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6 Telescope Objective {NQoS"
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet .9M.|
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective x>3@R0A1:
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective bLS&H[fK
6.4 Spherochromatism v '9m7$
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 2{o10eL
6.6 Induced Aberrations RU_L<Lpi
6.7 Three-Element Objectives v\A.Tyy
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) sdr.u
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design G[yI*/E;
6.11 A Final Note []}N
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers U{#xW
7.1 Eyepieces b X,Siz:F
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs N}QFGX
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces O|z%DkH[
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular x)viY5vjH
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces =ApY9`
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces `,#!C`E 9
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier +{-]P\oc
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 8wFn}lw&
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Gp|JU Fo
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ;z>p8N
8.2 Glass Choice jD9lz-Y@
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ^gg!Me
8.4 Other Design Considerations z`#_F}v,m/
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens X;EJ&g/
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet \E
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8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet _s>^?x}
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses u,9q<&,
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces a%J/0'(d
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness >oY^Gx
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9 Split Triplets fusPMf *[
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets p":zrf'(6
10.1 The Classic Tessar uPDaq ]A
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac Z_itu73I
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens >q9{
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 6>B \|
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar j|4tiv>
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats Zi1YZxF`Y
11.1 Meniscus Components
8 +(c 1
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon EfSMFPM
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Qj!d ^8
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 5$^c@ 0
11.5 The Split Dagor 3B#!2|
11.6 The Dogmar %ck`0JZAP
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens b]#~39Iph
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens _85E=
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 3"tg+DncC
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens 0w}{(P;
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet &kx\W)
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet uI9lK
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element c Vg$dt
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar W-XN4:,qI
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay *1v_6<;2i<
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13 Telephoto Lenses R `Q?J[e
13.1 The Basic Telephoto yu_gNro L
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses 7b,AQ9
13.3 Telephoto Designs {~1M
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 1gAc,s2
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses Esa6hU#
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 2K~tDNv7
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 44|03Ty
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses +1f{_v
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses -W6V,+of
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses C=EhY+5
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens Xr)g
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 04[)qPPS
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener x"!#_0TT}
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses %9.bu|`KK
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems 5Wl,J _<F
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17 Microscope Objectives lDH_ Y]bM
17.1 General Considerations `|NevpXY1
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front MIJ%_=sm4:
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 5?)}F/x
17.4 Reflecting Objectives qG*_w
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 2nYiG)tg
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems GZ.?MnG
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors Q.uR<C6)v
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ZS|Z98
18.3 Catadioptric Systems N6f%>3%1|.
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems >4#tkv>S.
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 0-lPhnrp
18.6 Unobscured Systems 8Q)y%7{6
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Mof)2Hbd:
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems !zF4 G,W
19.1 Infrared Optics Dt
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19.2 IR Objective Lenses }]Qmt5'NI
19.3 IR Telescope WMRYT"J?N]
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders kKNk2!z`M
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems >n#g9v K
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses ByC1I.B`
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20 Zoom Lenses 8o%E&Jg:
20.1 Zoom Lenses upZYv~Sa
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras B44]NsYks~
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens \qRjXadj
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens R20a(4m
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ?%_]rr9
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses *yL|}
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 0<6rU
21.2 Macro Lenses t=A E7
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses (0O`A~M3
22.1 Monochromatic Systems K7n;Zb:BR
22.2 Scanner Lenses p]X!g
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses =kyJaT^5[
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23 Tolerance Budgeting $#g#[/
23.1 The Tolerance Budget I67k M{V
23.2 Additive Tolerances WXRHG)nvL
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget Z^jGT+ 2
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24 Formulary '|h./.K
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions (e>RNn\
24.2 The Cardinal Points ?tW%"S^D
24.3 Image Equations @#G6z`,
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) w}]3jc84
24.5 Invariants ZA 99vO
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) e2,<,~_K6
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 9}? 5p]%
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ft*G*.0kO
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs :*^(OnIe
24.10 Stop Shift Equations >Rx8 0
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces B'P,?`
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) z+5u/t
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Glossary UU;Ysj
Reference =6L:Ix
Index