"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith pj:s+7"t
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition T
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1 Introduction k%|7H,7
1.1 Lens Design Books 5+*MqO>
1.2 Reference Material ;i*<HNQ
1.3 Specifications QOA7#H-m9
1.4 Lens Design 2F k4jHj
1.5 Lens Design Program Features ol QT r
1.6 About This Book d[mmwgSR?I
U.]5UP:a
2 Automatic Lens Design Y ;$wD9W
2.2 The Merit Function LT7C>b
2.3 Local Minima EXDZehLD<]
2.4 The Landscape Lens 7e[3Pu_/X
2.5 Types of Merit Function LpwjP4vWJ
2.6 Stagnation U$+EUDFi3_
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing
q1!45a
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 7kX;|NA1
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ;}v#hKC~
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits qxKW% {6o
2.11 Spectral Weighting coa+@g,w7#
2.12 How to Get Started lrq u%:q
xN lxi
3 Improving a Design RCM;k;@8V
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques cu{c: z~
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) =-wF Brw
3.3 Splitting Elements cP#vzFB0 >
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet bMe/jQuL.$
3.5 Compounding an Element 6Ih8~Hu
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses J @eu ]?h
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem (Q S4<J"
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ^pgVU&-~]/
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 8@b, > l$
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces @JB9qT
S7i,oP7
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design F|mppY'<J
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation /e|vz^#+1,
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance N_jpCCG~
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations P){b"`f
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function D,R"P }G
4.5 Fabrication Considerations l9Xz,H
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5 Lens Design Data 7]\_7L|>]
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 'uy\vR&Pz
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ]#$l"ss,
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign f/"? (7F
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF i|N% dl+T=
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots * vFXe_.
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot +95: O 8
olA 1,8
6 Telescope Objective 8d|/^U.w~V
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet wE*o1.
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective %?2: 1o
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective {&u`d.Lk2p
6.4 Spherochromatism JSp V2c 5Q
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration MBp, ! _Q6
6.6 Induced Aberrations dZ6\2ok+
6.7 Three-Element Objectives AFM Ip^F
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) X(r$OZ
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet U5[,UrC
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design )By #({O
6.11 A Final Note 6h 5DvSO
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers 8PRKS J[@K
7.1 Eyepieces }Bk>'
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 0:C ^-zrx
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces v35!?
5{
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular :o37 V!
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces yb/v?q?Fk
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces K^6fg,&
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier @Z+(J:Grm5
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces qI= j >x
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats F/
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats w *Txc}
8.2 Glass Choice .&Ik(792Z&
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations a_V.mu6h6p
8.4 Other Design Considerations XYrZ I/R
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens }57d3s
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet [TaYNc!\
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet WHk rd8
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses !'5t(Zw5
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ^U;r>[T9h
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness nqv#?>Z^OT
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9 Split Triplets >Y)FoHa+/
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets ^Mc zumG[
10.1 The Classic Tessar Ld4Jp`Zg
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac BpR#3CfW
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens lm[LDtc
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets * .P3fVlZ
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar \ L5h&
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats j0 (+Kq:J
11.1 Meniscus Components kN8?.V%Utw
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon ;p8,= w
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens nq,P.~l
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses |]=s
11.5 The Split Dagor tj< 0q<is
11.6 The Dogmar U/j+\ Kc~
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ;)rs#T;$
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Q<UKR|6
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version i J%`ym4Y
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens O8< @+xlX
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ~'u %66
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet #- z(] Y,y
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element *#&s+h,^
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar Z.{r%W{ 2
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay R2B0?fu
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13 Telephoto Lenses 1 GB
13.1 The Basic Telephoto \CK f/:"
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses > Du>vlT Y
13.3 Telephoto Designs a"pejW`m
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch bqI| wGCA"
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses O~u@J'4
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle I/Q5Y- atg
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 1v"r8=Wt
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 4K<T_B/
L\/ YS;Y
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses P%^\<#Ya7
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses @K}8zMmW#
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens
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16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens +f]\>{o4
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener FK!UUy;
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses DNp4U9
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems <Q%:c4N
fNZ:l=L3):
17 Microscope Objectives "YQ%j+
17.1 General Considerations ,Y_ [+
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front =^D{ZZw{
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives - mPrmapb3
17.4 Reflecting Objectives g$eZT{{W
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs u*C"d1v=
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems mzoNXf:x
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ja|XFs~
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems #{L
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18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems Xy'qgK?
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 9CW8l0
18.6 Unobscured Systems RI 2Or9.
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ZPolE_P7
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 7IV:X
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19.1 Infrared Optics %G>|u/:U
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ~!G&K`u
19.3 IR Telescope DJ#z0)3<p
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ^FZ7) T
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems A1u|L^
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses W2 ([vRT
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20 Zoom Lenses Z<t(h=?
20.1 Zoom Lenses af WEt -
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras B,dHhwO*l
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens U~Ai'1?xz
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure N;BS;W5I
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses B hnwb0b<
21.1 Projection TV Lenses <fLk\
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21.2 Macro Lenses \jcEEIEi
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses Q(e 3 - a
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ^"N sb &
22.2 Scanner Lenses rH<iUiA?O
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ErDt ~FH
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23 Tolerance Budgeting VN1a\
23.1 The Tolerance Budget V,@Y,
23.2 Additive Tolerances }ST0?_0F*
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 4 3?J~}<Vs
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24 Formulary cKj6tT"=O
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions fWBI}~e
24.2 The Cardinal Points A -dL_3
24.3 Image Equations (n~ e2tZ/
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ZoiCdXvTN
24.5 Invariants m ) 2t<
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) = +uUWJ&1G
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships .2jG~_W[
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ^5l4D 3@E
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 4IIXzMOa
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 3GS oHsNk
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 9N[vNg<n
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) uW,L< ;HnQ
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Glossary B0 :[3@P7
Reference " lp),
Index
