"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ll<Xz((o
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition mAj?>;R2$2
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1 Introduction 7u S~MW
1.1 Lens Design Books +`7i 'ff
1.2 Reference Material :uq\+(9
1.3 Specifications Jr
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1.4 Lens Design XSe=sHEI
1.5 Lens Design Program Features h-#6av :
1.6 About This Book 4n ! aW?%
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2 Automatic Lens Design [' X]R: 3h
2.2 The Merit Function 6 Z6'}BDP
2.3 Local Minima B:;pvW]
2.4 The Landscape Lens ?wiC Q6*$
2.5 Types of Merit Function b9KP( _
2.6 Stagnation _"Dv
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2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing MSQEO4ge
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization \:# L)
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems W#4 7h7M
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits +eWQa`g
2.11 Spectral Weighting w (*vj
2.12 How to Get Started pXT4)JDpc
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3 Improving a Design dh`K`b4I
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 8`q:Gz=M\
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) Fh?gNSWq6
3.3 Splitting Elements :t "^6xt
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet fn jPSts0
3.5 Compounding an Element
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3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses I T E{@1
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem *KZYv=s,u
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ?yrX)3hyH
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 'NXN & {
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces }W C[$Y_@
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 'Vzp2
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation T] f ;km
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ?(' wn<
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations zsEc(
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function E<{ R.r
4.5 Fabrication Considerations rKe2/4>0X
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5 Lens Design Data $u$!t j
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs e8 >})
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots -]N
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5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign Maha$n*
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF oA7tE u
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots X[-xowE-
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot @ wGPqg
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6 Telescope Objective |IeTqEu9
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet Avge eJi
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 0#7>o^2
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective BA @lk+aW
6.4 Spherochromatism . wEd"A&j
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration "(3[+W{|
6.6 Induced Aberrations gDQ^)1k
6.7 Three-Element Objectives B?eCe}*f;B
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) j2t7'bO_
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet JK7G/]j+Ez
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 9@SC}AF.
6.11 A Final Note DzAg"6=CS
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers JU 4 <|5H
7.1 Eyepieces a(m2n.0'>
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs b <tNk]7
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces N~nziY*C,*
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular paA(C|%{
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces wm+};L&_
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces HDz5& 7* .
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier S pIv#?
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces frm >4)9+
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats $H2 u.U<ip
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats o@_q]/Mh
8.2 Glass Choice rP'me2
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8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations H9Gh>u]}
8.4 Other Design Considerations PF0_8,@U
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens +N]J5Ve-`t
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet /m!BY}4W
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet .97])E[U
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses ^7`BP%6
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces &Gc9VF]o
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 8$] 1M,$r
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9 Split Triplets "-M p_O]
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets %6t:(z
10.1 The Classic Tessar `C, n0'PL.
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac HRpte= `q
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens xW+6qtG`
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 8 %:Iv(UMk
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar [ XN={
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 9v #CE!
11.1 Meniscus Components Mg+2.
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11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon t"sBP LU\
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens PgAf\.48a
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses E[OJ+ ;c
11.5 The Split Dagor o]odxr
11.6 The Dogmar y1z4ik)Sd@
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens U%- A?5
x KbXt;l 2
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens EX*HiZU>
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version )J=! L\
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ?C]vS_jAh
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet v6|RJt?
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet }YQX~="
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element yER(6V'\iQ
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar x exaQuK
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay A]*}HZ ,
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13 Telephoto Lenses 53_Hl]#qZ
13.1 The Basic Telephoto zg>zUe
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13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses cF*TotU_m
13.3 Telephoto Designs `Uq#W+r,
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch #{0HYg?(f
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses KV91) U
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 'I|v[G$l
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens <(#(hDwy
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses qyb?49I
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses . P viA
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses YO`]UQ|dc
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens OH N _
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens SZ7:u895E
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener H.P_ ]3f
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses a9e>i U
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems t
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17 Microscope Objectives E#RDqL*J
17.1 General Considerations sQ3 [<
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ^^u5*n+5
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Xxj-
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives %X]jaX 7
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ]2A^1Del
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems -12UN(&&Z
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors _`$qBw.Nx
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems Z9E\,Ly
18.3 Catadioptric Systems =>S]q71
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems >d XGee>'M
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ]|pe>:gf'
18.6 Unobscured Systems umBICC]CU
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” &N9
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Z{.8^u1I
19.1 Infrared Optics UBKu /@[f@
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ')Zvp7>$
19.3 IR Telescope /V8 #[9K
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Oxnp0 s
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems G&SB-
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses .8g)av+
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20 Zoom Lenses >h1}~jW +
20.1 Zoom Lenses .~db4d]
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras _RYxD"m y
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens jwe *(k]z
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens }v;V=%N+v
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure "9uKtQS0o
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses t,Lrfv])
21.1 Projection TV Lenses :k]1Lm||
21.2 Macro Lenses fm%t^)E
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses dbLZc$vPj
22.1 Monochromatic Systems fb7; |LF
22.2 Scanner Lenses &AMl:@p9
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses LP^$A Ay
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23 Tolerance Budgeting L+F@:H6/0
23.1 The Tolerance Budget ~NgA
23.2 Additive Tolerances y1 D L,%j
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 5ta `%R_
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24 Formulary %Xg4b6<9
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions ssA`I<p #
24.2 The Cardinal Points 9=M$AB
24.3 Image Equations g /_5unI}u
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) P[-E@0h)-t
24.5 Invariants +/7?HGf
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 8%mu8l
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships q$UJ$ 7=f8
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions TqQB@-!
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ,t7 44k')
24.10 Stop Shift Equations (/YHk `v2
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces g =hg%gRy"
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) s) t@ol
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Glossary F UzzB94a
Reference Jr4Ky<G_i
Index
