"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith MMUlA $*t
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition O"/Sv'|H#
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1 Introduction k]^ya?O]p
1.1 Lens Design Books .wmqaLd%
1.2 Reference Material `/?'^A%Ik
1.3 Specifications C,A/29R,s
1.4 Lens Design B,&QI&k`~
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 7>f"4r_r6<
1.6 About This Book ?20R\
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2 Automatic Lens Design 8O$ LY\G
2.2 The Merit Function `23][V
2.3 Local Minima ^ g|VZN
2.4 The Landscape Lens z{FFTb^B
2.5 Types of Merit Function >x3lA0m
2.6 Stagnation $PI9vy S
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 2gZ nrU
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization gWoUE7.3`
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems OSc qf]H
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits .ANR|G
2.11 Spectral Weighting !%D';wQ,/
2.12 How to Get Started 7(oA(l 1V
X:I2wJDs\
3 Improving a Design PEm2w#X%L
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 3!o sQ1
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) ~%C F3?e6
3.3 Splitting Elements Yb4ku7}
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet dgIH`<U$
3.5 Compounding an Element Aq*?Q/pV
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ,i??}Wm5G
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem RGs7Hc
3.8 Balancing Aberrations wwywiFj
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle zA8@'`Id
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces -B9e&J
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design )XGz#C_P
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation /PeT4hW}
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance =*j Faj
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations # {{p4/:
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function zL9~gJ
4.5 Fabrication Considerations eBs.RR
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5 Lens Design Data mO]>]
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs j6Sg~nRh
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots e,VF;Br
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 5h`L W A B
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF @+H 0D"
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 83SK<V6
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot E:ci/09wD
[A/2
M s
6 Telescope Objective u~j
H
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet Z\EA!Cs3
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective /\b*
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6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective "mQcc }8
6.4 Spherochromatism Xd5s8C/}
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration aEvbGo
6.6 Induced Aberrations yDKH;o
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Y`(Ri-U4
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) $/ D?Vw:]
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet } O
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design nEd
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6.11 A Final Note Xi) ;dcNJ
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers $b1>,d'oz
7.1 Eyepieces DE?k|Get2
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs GT6i9*tb #
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces $zp|()_
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular tEvDAI} 5
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces i79$D:PcLa
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces & C+2p
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier xxvt<J
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces R|M]mwa^w
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats rFpYlMct
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats Cj-&L<
8.2 Glass Choice L r"cO|F
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ~Yi4?B<
8.4 Other Design Considerations 8]^|&"i.\d
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 7<!x:G?C
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet qz]qG=wmL
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet U\H[.qY-
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses IRx% L?
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ' QG`^@Z
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 6,q_ M(;c
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9 Split Triplets ||QK)$"
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets {%u^ O/M
10.1 The Classic Tessar >_ZEQC
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac SA }Dkt&,
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens [;Lgb gt3f
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 'LPyh ;!f
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar uK$ Xqo%L
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats . ZF %$H
11.1 Meniscus Components k+-?b(z)$
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon
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11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens bKM*4M=k
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses hZ* vk
11.5 The Split Dagor 'hU5]}=
11.6 The Dogmar zhs @ YMY
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 1bQO:n):~
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens B._YT
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version D1Zy Js#
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens {:!>Y1w>
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet k-=lt \?
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet cWx`y><
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element \XV8t|*
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ik o>G
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay R)JH D7
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13 Telephoto Lenses PB $beQ
13.1 The Basic Telephoto G)I`
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13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ig A?E56?
13.3 Telephoto Designs L5I!YP#v
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch Pb?v i<ug+
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses U MRFTwY
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle
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14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ]- X6Cl
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses D
tZ?sG
gjG SI'M0B
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses GxD`M2
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses x6R M)rr
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens e`g+Jf`AT
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ?j/FYi
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener qA!p7"m|
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses g&y (-
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems N? Jy
?V!5VH a
17 Microscope Objectives %P s.r{%{
17.1 General Considerations Dch\k<Te
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front v %cCJ SO#
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives cdL ]s^z
17.4 Reflecting Objectives )1#/@cU
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs #)~u
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ,3_Sf ?
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors 8]`#ax
5
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems QyVAs ;
18.3 Catadioptric Systems GB Yy^wjU
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems N!~ ] D[D
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids SgxrU&::
18.6 Unobscured Systems d X/7n=
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ZtO$kK%q;
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems tlp,HxlP
19.1 Infrared Optics xAd@.^
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ?lD)J ?j
19.3 IR Telescope .o`Io[io
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders p*0[:/4
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 3A`]Rk
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses r c[~S
7d%x 7!E
20 Zoom Lenses rz_W]/G-P
20.1 Zoom Lenses J78.-J5 j0
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras %f &Y=
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 2
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens d]s^?=gM
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure C `_/aR6
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses y*^UGJC:
21.1 Projection TV Lenses q]OIP "yv
21.2 Macro Lenses _x(hlHFk
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses FulFEnSV
22.1 Monochromatic Systems #fa, }aj
22.2 Scanner Lenses HJ ]v-
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses /jJD
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23 Tolerance Budgeting Z cjLv
23.1 The Tolerance Budget YRV h[Bqg`
23.2 Additive Tolerances EQlb:;j
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget o+{,>t
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24 Formulary /gF)msUF
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions 5n2!Y\
24.2 The Cardinal Points 8WQ# )
24.3 Image Equations WeRDaG
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) %pq.fZ I
24.5 Invariants "|Q.{(|kO1
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 1z7+:~;l
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships k"cMAu.
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions +'g O%^{l
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ,zx{ RDI
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ?[ )}N
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces h# 4n
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ]'Eg2(wy
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Glossary ")MHP~ ?
Reference t'eu>a1D
Index
