"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 3"HGEUqA
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition W\nHX I
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1 Introduction }R7sj
1.1 Lens Design Books +3NlkN#
1.2 Reference Material R-=_z6<
1.3 Specifications 1}i&HIr!b
1.4 Lens Design ~uP
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1.5 Lens Design Program Features Y\+(rC27
1.6 About This Book -d$8WSI8
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2 Automatic Lens Design ?|%\<h@;
2.2 The Merit Function stf,<W
2.3 Local Minima _)HD4,`
2.4 The Landscape Lens zz7Y/653
2.5 Types of Merit Function c^i"}2+
2.6 Stagnation r78u=r
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 2P;%P]~H
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization NqQM!B]
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 2LhfXBWf
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits R@)'Bs
2.11 Spectral Weighting I$3"|7[n
2.12 How to Get Started V6DBKq
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3 Improving a Design 4jC4X*
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques .g6PrhzFbk
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 2eZk3_w
3.3 Splitting Elements ]7XkijNb
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ]Ssw32yn
3.5 Compounding an Element 3s+<
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 1q}u?7nnSG
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem yFPaWW
3.8 Balancing Aberrations CjC'"+[w
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 0?J|C6XM#4
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces FR@PhMUS
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ;~'cITL
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation vp )}/&/
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 2A@Y&g(6T7
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 5 WN`8?
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function /pAm8vK
4.5 Fabrication Considerations EPE!V>
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5 Lens Design Data L5-T6CD
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs '[M^f+H|
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots <WQ<<s@#pb
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign !]{1h
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF YJ$Vn>6Z
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ex@,F,u>o
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot .pB8=_e:
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6 Telescope Objective EMVoTW)z
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ^\7 x5gO
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective
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6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective K#JabT
6.4 Spherochromatism g "K#&
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration s{1Deek=
6.6 Induced Aberrations p ,[XT`q^
6.7 Three-Element Objectives uK4'n+_>\
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 5 CY_Ay\
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet `\RX~ $^
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 6`s%%v
6.11 A Final Note /IrR,bvA
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers {LB
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7.1 Eyepieces HP4'8#3o
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 3gV&`>@
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces
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7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular r:WgjjA%
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces IQk#
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces t=E|RYC(k
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier c:@OX[##
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces v8U1uOR,%
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats w.T=Lzp
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats qUoMg%Z%l
8.2 Glass Choice N?2#YTjR
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations JXSqtk=
8.4 Other Design Considerations MWn L#!
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens f9l<$l
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet "`W1yk5x
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet O{i_?V_
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses fa+W9
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces S$lmEJ_
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness |qy"%W@
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9 Split Triplets ]"7DV3_
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets VM\Z<}C
10.1 The Classic Tessar }x#P<d(
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac R26tQbwE
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens *a4b`HRT
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets (/x@W`
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar +U_-Lq )
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats @R OY}CZ{/
11.1 Meniscus Components 'j"N2NJ
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon b~haP.Cl:
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens fD#&: )
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses U38wGSG
11.5 The Split Dagor YqY6\mo
11.6 The Dogmar kX ,FQG>
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens d-N"m I-
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Q@ ) rw0$
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 1=q?#PQ
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens M%5$-;6~_
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet WtdkA Sj
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 0)`lx9&h
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element dXo'#.
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar SJ[@fUxO)
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay Bc|x:#`C\{
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13 Telephoto Lenses |nH0~P#!
13.1 The Basic Telephoto +|"n4iZ!)
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses {!g.255+
13.3 Telephoto Designs 9;v"bcQ
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch h%w\O Z7
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses hv:Z%D |S
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle x"wM_hl5L
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens <9@]|
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses +81+4{*
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses S7~F*CGBh
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses wIR[2&b
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ^)IL<S&h
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens zl#&Qm4Ot
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener $9_.Q/9>
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses j5Wx*~@(
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems >scS wT
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17 Microscope Objectives F.
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17.1 General Considerations lPN< rgg
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front |p4OlUq
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives &'yV:g3H
17.4 Reflecting Objectives s=~7m.m
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs bSmaE7
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems KW6" +,Th
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors Y6Qb_X:
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems GN;XB b]w
18.3 Catadioptric Systems n`KXJ?t
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 75}u
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18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ` dUiz5o'
18.6 Unobscured Systems c3!|h1h/v
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ?ZV0
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems f>+}U;)EF
19.1 Infrared Optics JiLrwPex[
19.2 IR Objective Lenses R"t$N@ZFb
19.3 IR Telescope !>@V#I
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders u
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19,5 Ultraviolet Systems l(#Y8
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses _vLT!y
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20 Zoom Lenses ,h`D(,?X
20.1 Zoom Lenses 6Vzc:8o>
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras fvM3.P
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens molowPI
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens V485Yn!$(
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure e?WR={
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses Yl])Q|2I
21.1 Projection TV Lenses $@;[K\
21.2 Macro Lenses bxq`E!]
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses Q-5wI$=
22.1 Monochromatic Systems +%v4Ci"%y
22.2 Scanner Lenses K%B i8d
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses .*"IJD9
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23 Tolerance Budgeting a\E]ueVD2j
23.1 The Tolerance Budget jN0v<_PJED
23.2 Additive Tolerances t:7jlD!d
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget w"|c;E1;_
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24 Formulary ppjrm
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions LBB[aF,Lr
24.2 The Cardinal Points ~Y[1Me
24.3 Image Equations Fu$sfq
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) z16++LKmM
24.5 Invariants [-ecKPx
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) Q23y.^W%c
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships }I]q$3.
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions H<"j3qt
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs a\MJbBXv
24.10 Stop Shift Equations hlZjk0ez
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces IYPLitT
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) psVRdluS
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Glossary OHw6#N$\
Reference kn.z8%^(
Index