"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith )` z{T
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 4:0y \M5u
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1 Introduction dd-`/A @
1.1 Lens Design Books bu:%"l
1.2 Reference Material ~Gj% z+<
1.3 Specifications I]iTD
1.4 Lens Design `^mY*Cb e
1.5 Lens Design Program Features ))xP]Mu v
1.6 About This Book #a+*u?jnnL
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2 Automatic Lens Design i_{b *o_an
2.2 The Merit Function ^Q9!DF m
2.3 Local Minima cii!
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2.4 The Landscape Lens efrVF5,y?
2.5 Types of Merit Function t3 rQ5m
2.6 Stagnation CzfGb4
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 9#MY( Hr
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization vPce6 Cl*
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems _O; 2.M%@
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits c( 8>|^M
2.11 Spectral Weighting :~wU/dEEiz
2.12 How to Get Started EQ%,IK/
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3 Improving a Design |kc#=b@l
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques iOrpr,@
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) YwaWhBCIF
3.3 Splitting Elements hM "6-60
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet
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3.5 Compounding an Element ,a'Y^[4k?
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 8Cef ]@x
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem )WH;G:$&"
3.8 Balancing Aberrations )aAKxC7w
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ~]V}wZt>h
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces chakp!S=
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design UfSqiu
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation @<ILF69b
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance U#6<80Ke
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations P}~nL
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ,GUO q!z
4.5 Fabrication Considerations w#^z:7fI
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5 Lens Design Data []l2
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5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 9D[Jn}E:
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots c-oIP~,
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign
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5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF NbPNcjPL
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots W,f XHYst
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 8;v/b3
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6 Telescope Objective gGE&}EoLU
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet n ^iq?u
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective u3vM !
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 1LVO0lT
6.4 Spherochromatism {$QkerW3
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration n5+Z|<3)
6.6 Induced Aberrations TD-o-*mO
6.7 Three-Element Objectives )>;V72
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) G$A=T u~
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet sd&^lpH
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 4 Kh0evZ
6.11 A Final Note *!MMl]gU?
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers de_%#k1:L
7.1 Eyepieces iH KX#*
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs XiO~^=J
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces k p3%"i&hD
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Xv<K>i >k
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces :5[1Iepdn
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces B'&QLO|
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier Q N]y.(S)y
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces <j}A=SDZ)
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 8(>2+#exw
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats YL&)@h
8.2 Glass Choice i]15g@
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ):lH
8.4 Other Design Considerations G| b
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8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ipC
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8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Qs,4PPEg
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet yJ4ZB/ZQ
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses bm poptfL
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces 0k G\9
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness t76 B 0L{
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9 Split Triplets C`=YGyj=TL
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Y ?ZzFd,i&
10.1 The Classic Tessar g#:P cl
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 3X%h?DC
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens C}qHvwFm
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets VWK%6Ye0
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ^[6el_mj
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats n J}@9v F/
11.1 Meniscus Components =O3)tm;
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon -B&
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11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens +c$:#9$ |
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses o Vpq*"
11.5 The Split Dagor A(*c |Aj9
11.6 The Dogmar F :og :[
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens !Ahxi);a
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens C55Av%-=
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version K /$-H#;N
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens 1Qw_P('}
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet &z#`Qa3NI
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet SBI *[
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element J7Mbv2 D
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar yy Y\g
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay @H8DGeM
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13 Telephoto Lenses oFGWI#]ts>
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ^J;rW3#N 8
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Sc]G7_
13.3 Telephoto Designs oL~?^`cGZ
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 2u$rloc$b
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses fejC ,H4I
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle e/&^~ $h
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens hd]ts.
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 1m5*M Y
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses w+wtr[;wwL
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses %>$Pu y\U
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 74 &q2g{
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens q[GD K^-g
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 7]9,J(:Ed
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses s94 *uZ(C/
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems eC94rcb}i{
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17 Microscope Objectives >7PNl\=gG
17.1 General Considerations 80ox$ U
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front SgYMPBh
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives f !#+cM
17.4 Reflecting Objectives l))Q/8H
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs PQp =bX,
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems S+#|j
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors lF_"{dS_6(
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ?(n v_O
18.3 Catadioptric Systems R1*4
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems VFzIBgJ3
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids tHAe
18.6 Unobscured Systems s _a jA
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” @mmnr?_w
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems XT4Gz|k
19.1 Infrared Optics > lf uo
19.2 IR Objective Lenses GGf<9!:
19.3 IR Telescope .`Q^8|$-K
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders #y[U2s Se
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems *\(z"B
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses b\"w/'XX
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20 Zoom Lenses V$sY3,J7A%
20.1 Zoom Lenses @Ns[qn;9
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras UoPY:(?;i
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens ? ^M,Mt
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens |Fi5/$S.
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure n_3 R Q6
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses cP D_=.&
21.1 Projection TV Lenses J hfVm*,
21.2 Macro Lenses yu)^s!UY;
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses b>Y{, `E3
22.1 Monochromatic Systems fGO\f;P
22.2 Scanner Lenses wapSpSt
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ' 3Lu_]I-
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23 Tolerance Budgeting |K"Q>V2y
23.1 The Tolerance Budget =E5bM_P<K
23.2 Additive Tolerances I O:*F0
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget D:;idUO
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