"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith `o<'
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 9w" h
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1 Introduction qi;f^9M%
1.1 Lens Design Books
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1.2 Reference Material xG}(5Tt
1.3 Specifications N U|d
1.4 Lens Design 6WV\}d:
1.5 Lens Design Program Features thV> j9'
1.6 About This Book d_4T}% q
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2 Automatic Lens Design _Xn qb+
2.2 The Merit Function sW )Zi
2.3 Local Minima n.wF&f'D]
2.4 The Landscape Lens r;>*_Oc7g
2.5 Types of Merit Function N5* u] j
2.6 Stagnation ^[]}R:
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing rrQQZ5fh b
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization vN| l\!~
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems (ohq0Y
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 2rmSo&3@s
2.11 Spectral Weighting m<{< s T
2.12 How to Get Started V2$h8\a
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3 Improving a Design {LX.iH9}l
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques I *x[:)X8
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) d*A*y ^OD
3.3 Splitting Elements Z Q)>s>-
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 0 GB:GBhZ
3.5 Compounding an Element 6T+FH;h
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 0@G")L
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3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem m>4ahue$
3.8 Balancing Aberrations 5WC+guK7
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle BYs-V:
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces +<xQM h8
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ;3\3q1oX
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 'd+N Vj{C
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 0KMctPT]p
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 2 Yp7
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function cgl*t+o&
4.5 Fabrication Considerations U+)xu>I
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5 Lens Design Data * Ho/ZYj3
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs jy giG&H
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots :4MB]v[K
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign AtF3%Z v2
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF .k
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5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots io#&o;M<
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot OCZ[D{i9@
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6 Telescope Objective (9 <guv
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet yaG= j
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective PH>
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6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective +hE(Ra #
6.4 Spherochromatism Nz U,va N
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration P> sFV
6.6 Induced Aberrations ~=KJzOS,S
6.7 Three-Element Objectives MXzVgy
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) )$`wIp
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 7zHh@ B:]
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design wKi^C 8Z2
6.11 A Final Note 8me ]JRw
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers )ZBY* lk9
7.1 Eyepieces @BrMl%gV
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs UN%V g:=
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces : C b&v07
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 5Q 'i2*j
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces M/q E2L[y
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces !! 4Qj
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier $&"V ^@
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces K{ \ ;2M
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats fx@j? *Qb
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats j:}D Bk
8.2 Glass Choice Iw<j T|y)
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations LY[~Os W
8.4 Other Design Considerations {
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8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens u(OW gbA3
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet {t Thy#
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet @x eAc0.^
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 2 P]L9'N{Y
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces 3SSm5{197
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness ? 6nF~9Z'
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9 Split Triplets ? tfT8$
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 7@6g<"I
10.1 The Classic Tessar =C L}
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10.2 The Heliar/Pentac p-%|P ]&
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens \`, [ )`
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ?88`fJ@tk?
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar hoT/KWD,
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats /m( =`aRt
11.1 Meniscus Components .>wv\i [p
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon RNPbH.
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Dfd-^N!
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses Mc-)OtmG[
11.5 The Split Dagor N)S!7%ne
11.6 The Dogmar @$"L:1_
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens dq IlD!
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens M(d6Z2ibh
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version cst}Ibf i
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens |0{u->+ )
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet f'q 28lVf
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 8F)G7
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12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element X%bFN
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 9_fePS|Z4
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay VD4C::J
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13 Telephoto Lenses Pv<FLo%u<
13.1 The Basic Telephoto :Vg}V"QR
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses l7JY]?p
13.3 Telephoto Designs x'Pi5NR E
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch w6 2=06`@
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses 9kKnAf4Z
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle }. )s%4p8
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens u) Q;8$`
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses bg?"ILpk
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses IfDx@ ?OB
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ?IX!+>.H
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens r^HA a GpC
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens \g-j9|0
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 5;)*T6 Y
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 'ul\Q `N3
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems A%Z)wz{
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17 Microscope Objectives q}L+/+b
17.1 General Considerations &h$|j
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front $ 2z
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17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Q
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives OQlG + |
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs S+x_c4 T
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems OCyG_DLT$5
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors `?s .\Dh
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems f1{z~i9@$
18.3 Catadioptric Systems 8zQfY^/{M
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems _; ]e@
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids }4c/YP"a'E
18.6 Unobscured Systems !FG%2L4?,5
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” &m{'nRU}c
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems iL?iz?+.%@
19.1 Infrared Optics >w'$1tc?+F
19.2 IR Objective Lenses J?712=9
19.3 IR Telescope hCc0s Rp
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 2wh#$zGy
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems ['Z{@9
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses | 'hLa
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20 Zoom Lenses Up ?=m^
20.1 Zoom Lenses T |"`8mG
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ,ECAan/@
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens a w$Y`6,S
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 9& jPp4qG
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure >A j C l
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses wGXwzU
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ! Cb=B
21.2 Macro Lenses nxRwWj 57
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses k,_i#9 X
22.1 Monochromatic Systems xXOw: A'
22.2 Scanner Lenses rWr/ p^~
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses @36S}5Oa
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23 Tolerance Budgeting W8*
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget TG]}X\c+V|
23.2 Additive Tolerances 84Zgo=P}
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 8A/>JD3^
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24 Formulary #JS`e_3Rr
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions uGCtLA+sL
24.2 The Cardinal Points >Z"9rF 2SW
24.3 Image Equations 3kw}C aZ6
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) (6-y+ LG
24.5 Invariants 4?]ZV_BD
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) @YB85p"]J.
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships g< )72-h
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions >;}] pI0T
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs <?4cWp|i
24.10 Stop Shift Equations x\]z j!
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces @#CF".fuN>
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ] umZJZ#Y
I4ct xMVP
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Glossary qAORWc
Reference ;"SZ}
Index
