"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ;~$_A4;
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition [<Wo7G1s
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1 Introduction coHzbD~#H
1.1 Lens Design Books (KDUX
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1.2 Reference Material 'b#`8k~>
1.3 Specifications 1 f ]04TI
1.4 Lens Design ~Cx07I_lf
1.5 Lens Design Program Features /2K4ka<?7
1.6 About This Book J~6+zBF
$ ZD1_sJ.
2 Automatic Lens Design CBAMAr
2.2 The Merit Function ErK5iTSD
2.3 Local Minima !>g_9'n'
2.4 The Landscape Lens (c ?OcwTH
2.5 Types of Merit Function LMf_wsp
2.6 Stagnation G};os+FxF
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing `Nn=6[]
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization `H6-g=C
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems `Ym7XF&
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 6fhH)]0
2.11 Spectral Weighting 8<Cu S
2.12 How to Get Started |*5K fxq
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3 Improving a Design W3s>+yU
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques tCAh?nR
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) -t_t3aU|
3.3 Splitting Elements =7@N'xX
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet xJtblZ1sr
3.5 Compounding an Element +85i;gO5
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses :c@v_J6C&
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 96UL](l(`
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Vp*#,(_G:
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle A*jU&3#
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces )mw#MTv<[
B#Cb`b"
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design fmf3Hp@
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation S"ZH5O(
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance YIv!\`^ \
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 0b%"=J2/p.
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ~Rd,jfx
4.5 Fabrication Considerations fvn`$
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5 Lens Design Data P,-f]k[_
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs sdF;H[
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots k%|7H,7
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 5+*MqO>
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ;i*<HNQ
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots h.PVR Awk
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot b^[Ab:`}[V
ol QT r
6 Telescope Objective d[mmwgSR?I
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet U.]5UP:a
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Y;$wD9W
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective LT7C>b
6.4 Spherochromatism 0$)uOUVJ
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 7e[3Pu_/X
6.6 Induced Aberrations LpwjP4vWJ
6.7 Three-Element Objectives cPD&xVwq>
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) s8L=:hiSf)
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet a *?bnw?
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design ]
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6.11 A Final Note Y+vG]?D
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers "Sm'TZx
7.1 Eyepieces jcrLUs+\
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs v_M-:e3`
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces }LK +w+h~
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular T1,Nb>gBq^
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces En01LrC?
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces c>I(6$
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier M)sM G
C
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 9e5XS\
PkM]jbLe8
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats I'6wh+
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats L=g(w$H
8.2 Glass Choice t&5N{C:
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations {A<pb{<u
8.4 Other Design Considerations RuyqB>[o
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 'cp1I&>
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Qy0Zj$,Z
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet $K& #R-
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses R( 2,1f=d
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces {`RCh]W
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness KHnq%#
t`F<lOKj
9 Split Triplets 0iS"V^aH
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 'Cr2&
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10.1 The Classic Tessar M3m)ui z
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac h"#[{$(
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens {Xr|L
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets
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10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar oU|yBs1
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats V
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11.1 Meniscus Components q>X30g
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon {$
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11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens h7?uM^p
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses #_(t46
11.5 The Split Dagor vZ6_/ew8
11.6 The Dogmar yj<j>JtN
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ,a6Oi=+>/U
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens T)CEcz
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version |$^a"Yd`9
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens D MzDV _
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet {7F?30: ]
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet $u"*n\k>
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 1uwzo9Yg
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar `4Db( ~
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay xZE%Gf_U
?z{Z!Bt?=)
13 Telephoto Lenses zn+5pn&?
13.1 The Basic Telephoto U"T>L
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ,$oz1,Q/
13.3 Telephoto Designs sKCfI]
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch ]ykMh
7 'B9z/
sjW;Nsp
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses 'uBagd>*
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle E9N.b.Q)
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens +M s`C)f
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses |V
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(~U1X4
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses Y^(NzN
nqv#?>Z^OT
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses .9uw@Eq
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens >Y)FoHa+/
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 1RU+d.&D
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ^MczumG[
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Ld4Jp`Zg
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems
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z~0f[As.
17 Microscope Objectives ~IQ 2;A
17.1 General Considerations }uo.N
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front S(NUuu}S
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Cn"L*\o
17.4 Reflecting Objectives y%Wbm&h
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ^v+7IFn
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 7nl
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors >XU93 )CX
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ^2<nn op
18.3 Catadioptric Systems \!J9|
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems mA" 82"
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids s9.nU
18.6 Unobscured Systems B,NHy
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18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” F7N4qq1
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems
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19.1 Infrared Optics 8 aC]" C
19.2 IR Objective Lenses l
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19.3 IR Telescope r4wnfy
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders wPRs.(]_
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 5#}wI~U;
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses mEVne.D
&h67LMD!
20 Zoom Lenses c&>==pI]k
20.1 Zoom Lenses @;P\`[(*
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras kFZjMchm A
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 8pE0ANbq
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 5;yVA
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure +jrMvk"
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses &-B&s.,kj
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 6~y7A<[^
21.2 Macro Lenses 9xZ?}S:d
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses rxM)SC;P
22.1 Monochromatic Systems +`$[h2Z=:
22.2 Scanner Lenses I]B[H6
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses A_}%YHb
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23 Tolerance Budgeting QU%'z/dip
23.1 The Tolerance Budget u4,b%h.
23.2 Additive Tolerances N \Wd0b
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget @ZFU< e$!
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24 Formulary `ek On@T0
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions ;x~[om21;
24.2 The Cardinal Points l0g`;BI_
24.3 Image Equations /{7we$+,p
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) y|0I3n]e
24.5 Invariants 8~s-@3J
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) @[] A&)B
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships PdNxuy
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions f8X/kz
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs eHy.<VX
24.10 Stop Shift Equations M!E#T-)
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces /naGn@m5u
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD)
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Glossary | Sf` Cs
Reference A[.5Bi
Index