"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith L r"cO|F
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition GHd1?$
" WQ6[;&V
1 Introduction )MF@'zRK
1.1 Lens Design Books UtTlJb{-j
1.2 Reference Material aYT !xdCI
1.3 Specifications h`\ $8 oV
1.4 Lens Design f0sLe 3
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 6384 $mT,S
1.6 About This Book
mu{C>w_Rz
M- i3_H)
2 Automatic Lens Design C0N}B1- MU
2.2 The Merit Function E-.X%xfO
2.3 Local Minima -o%? ]S
2.4 The Landscape Lens ?[zw5fUDS
2.5 Types of Merit Function 0H>gMXWE]
2.6 Stagnation ial{A6X
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing /7#e
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization S._2..%G
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 4!!PrXE
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits NT 5=% X]
2.11 Spectral Weighting 0}NDi|o
2.12 How to Get Started {Z8 GG
i,<'AL )
3 Improving a Design u xD 3+Q
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques KLW5Ad:/rI
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) {guOAT- w
3.3 Splitting Elements GD.Ss9_h1
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet i8e*9;4@
3.5 Compounding an Element u* 2?Gky
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses f EL 9J{
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem Cwls e-
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Qf^c }!I
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle
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3.10 Aspheric Surfaces zTB&Wlt
? ld &}|W~
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design )TiM>{
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation &j 1-Ouy
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 1 qNO$M
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations $?W2'Xm!V
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 37kFbR@x
4.5 Fabrication Considerations VrPsy) J68
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5 Lens Design Data vc"!3x-G*
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Skci;4T(
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 3E;@.jD
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign Lcv czS T
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF !@Qk=Xkg
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots _-({MX[3k<
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot O>pX(D S
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*KDTBd
6 Telescope Objective o ]&q'>Rf
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet fdK E1,;
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 34!.5^T
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective $Ah
p4oiE
6.4 Spherochromatism lFt!
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration q zNb\y 9G
6.6 Induced Aberrations aXj
UDu7
6.7 Three-Element Objectives K'
`qR
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) X <8|uP4
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ;iX~3[]
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design
p*lP9[7
6.11 A Final Note 36OQHv; &
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers *B!Ox}CI.L
7.1 Eyepieces ; &J>a8B$
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs G 0pq'7B
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 0' *{BAWx
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular {2:baoG-
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ]pe 7I
P
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces DlCN
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier _@>*]g
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces wX)'1H):T
fpQFNV
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats a({ Rb?b
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ib(|}7Je
8.2 Glass Choice l=XZBe*[g'
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations &M@ .d$<C
8.4 Other Design Considerations ? 0X$ox
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens d4IQ;u
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet #0r^<Yn
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet )2y [#Blo
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses c$[2tZ
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces hd'QMr[;
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness g0biw?
51eZf JB
9 Split Triplets .a2R2~35
YkF LNCg4}
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 1d49&-N
10.1 The Classic Tessar &#C&0f8PnD
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac M)K!!Jqh
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens m
%+'St|qr
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Y_]y : H
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar [MA Pa
Hvz;[!
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats tlO=>
11.1 Meniscus Components ,DHH5sDCn
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon P 2y Sjgd
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens IG}yGGn
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses B7C<;`5TiD
11.5 The Split Dagor 'U&]KSzxv
11.6 The Dogmar ]Y$Wv9 S6
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens h{HpI
0q4
(oiQ5s^f
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens /C`AA/@
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version K;THYMp/[
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens C-49u<; ,
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet s! gVY!0
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet A ][ ;v
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element p {qA%D
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar h3>u[c X%
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay D)L~vA/8b
8=f+ `e
13 Telephoto Lenses S~z$ =IiB
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ={h^X0<s9
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ,,EG"Um6
13.3 Telephoto Designs kSge4?&
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch IO?a.L:6U
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses Bd>ATc+580
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle D@{m
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens }]=A :*jD
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses . Xxxz
Wyk
7|J&fc5BP
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses +K=RM qM-8
x )q$.u+
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses URh5ajoR%
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens /3"S_KE1@+
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens &$qIJvMiK
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 3Wf Z zb+
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Frhm4H%,_R
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems 3U?^49bJ
lvk*Db$
17 Microscope Objectives !C.{nOfyv
17.1 General Considerations p7*7V.>X
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front @:9mTP7
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives wp/x|AV
17.4 Reflecting Objectives uMC0XE|S
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs >R/^[([;]
R?*-ZI[>w
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems /hyCR___
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors LGCeYX ic
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems {
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems 4MgG ]
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems %bnjK#o"Q
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids pq5bK0N Q
18.6 Unobscured Systems 7aN oqS+
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” fli7Ow?M~
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems F g^zz*e
19.1 Infrared Optics >LB x\/
19.2 IR Objective Lenses *;(GL
19.3 IR Telescope jM(!!A jpC
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders x\(yjNZH
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems Hkj|
e6
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses '#8;bU
>5]w\^QN9_
20 Zoom Lenses %PU {h
20.1 Zoom Lenses 5 1M'x_8
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras V=H}Ecd
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens X`n *M]
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens N6-bUM6%I
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure -
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses T]J#>LBd
21.1 Projection TV Lenses -wV0Nv(V8
21.2 Macro Lenses =E%<"FB
/T2f~1R
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses Kx[z7]1@
22.1 Monochromatic Systems U^X8{,8O
22.2 Scanner Lenses q&wXs /$a
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 7dU7cc
) N"gW*
23 Tolerance Budgeting tlF c+3
23.1 The Tolerance Budget DV~1gr, \
23.2 Additive Tolerances *8CE0;p'k
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget I2=Kq{
p^``hP:J
24 Formulary &_E*]Sj\
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions 62LQUl ]<
24.2 The Cardinal Points X_eV<]zA+
24.3 Image Equations Z vO:!u0+"
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) .tb~f@xL
24.5 Invariants 2'r8#,)
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) :+,qvu!M7
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships c$'UfW
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions .ODtduURe
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ;mb
6i_
24.10 Stop Shift Equations n{Mj<\kL
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces i9M6%R1m}E
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) i9)y|
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Glossary lv ^=g
Reference Gf'V68 ,l$
Index
