"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ny[\yj4F
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition A7sva@}W
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1 Introduction U&SgB[QHO
1.1 Lens Design Books WEk3
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1.2 Reference Material \xexl1_;
1.3 Specifications }i@%$Ixsn
1.4 Lens Design !eGUiE=
1.5 Lens Design Program Features </)QCl' d
1.6 About This Book |bv7N@?e
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2 Automatic Lens Design %pr}Xs(-f
2.2 The Merit Function L QA6iZBP
2.3 Local Minima ed4`n!3
2.4 The Landscape Lens HWi: CDgm
2.5 Types of Merit Function .vhEm6wJUM
2.6 Stagnation 3C(V<R?
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing ETtoY<`#
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 2M3C
5Fu
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems Dh B*k<S
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits k2ZMDU
2.11 Spectral Weighting ,kw:g&A
2.12 How to Get Started @w@ `-1
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3 Improving a Design Cw]bhaG
g
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques u13v@<HGc
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) T,fDH!a
3.3 Splitting Elements "BD$-]
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet $'
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3.5 Compounding an Element nTxN>?l2E
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ]{PJ
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem I vD M2q8f
3.8 Balancing Aberrations 3[}w#n1
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 6eHw\$/
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces d}(b!q9
b?%Pa\,!
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 8PwPI%Pb
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation &U0Y#11Cx
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance :`20i*
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations A6%~+9
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function @c^g<
4.5 Fabrication Considerations anxwK47
V( SRw
5 Lens Design Data gaxxB]8
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs TM^.y
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5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots (`FY{]Wz!
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign xmbFJUMH
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF dn|OY.`|
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 6V6,m4e
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot w]=c^@t_
hxx`f-#=
6 Telescope Objective A<<Bm M.%
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet `w/b];e1)
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective %8~g#Z
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 7=[/J*-m
6.4 Spherochromatism DS6g_SS3
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration cy!;;bB
6.6 Induced Aberrations %6HJM| {H
6.7 Three-Element Objectives &&
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) $ J)2E g
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet w@&(=C
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 1OW#_4w/
6.11 A Final Note ~k780
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers 4&+lc*
7.1 Eyepieces T@\%h8@~]
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs nZ8f}R!f:
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces QPJz~;V2
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 9>hK4&m^
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 2r>I,TNHl
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces JWo).
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier P1A5Qq
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces m
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Y!w {,\3
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ]Wdnr1d~8
8.2 Glass Choice 9 `z^'k&
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations `sPH7^R
8.4 Other Design Considerations (H-}z`sy/@
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 4oA9|}<FR
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Lm"zW>v
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet \1mTKw)S
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses Cso-WG,
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces gtlyQ
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness GBo'=
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9 Split Triplets w~l%xiC
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Yo;Mexo!
10.1 The Classic Tessar MZK%IC>
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac FvT;8ik:3
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens o0\d`0-el
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets d<+@cf_9
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar HlC[Nu^6U
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 6h3TU,$r
11.1 Meniscus Components DfV'1s4y
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon cOo@UU P
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens a<d$P*I(cH
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses qF57T>v|
11.5 The Split Dagor B[B(=4EzMP
11.6 The Dogmar do&0m[x%
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ?2i\ERG?
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens x3]y*6
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version OXIy0].b
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ".:]?Lvt
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet Mv#\+|p 1x
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet x!QA* M
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element `(Ij@84
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 8PtX@s43\
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 0V5 {:mzA
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13 Telephoto Lenses `;H3['~$
13.1 The Basic Telephoto cNvh2JI
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses #)
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13.3 Telephoto Designs 0|D
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch Z&j?@k,k
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses }Asp=<kCc
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 7$jO3J
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens i8H!4l
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses "R9^X3;
@(_f}SgfE
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses *^t7?f[
C8bv%9
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 5_~QS
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens a-Ef$(i_
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens n 9N'}z
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ^#)M,.G^
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Cv;\cI"&
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems @!:_r5R~N
nps"nggk
17 Microscope Objectives BLQD=?Q
17.1 General Considerations ;gmfWHB<
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ;OD+6@Sr
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives nH -1,#`g
17.4 Reflecting Objectives dpI9DzA;
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs SdOE^_@:
* Qe{CE
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems >W7IWhm3
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors -y5Zc?e
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems `UH 1B/
18.3 Catadioptric Systems >HlQ+bl$xw
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 1l`$. k
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids GYM6 `
18.6 Unobscured Systems ]53'\TH
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 5*31nMP\
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems \~ql_X;3
19.1 Infrared Optics JU\wvP5j
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 2W]y9)<c
19.3 IR Telescope LJII7<k
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders PS${B
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems [osm\w49
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses sM8 AORd
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20 Zoom Lenses ~PAbtY9}U
20.1 Zoom Lenses {po f=G
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras rGxX]
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens [d~25
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens e:H9!
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ?g~g GQV
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses Wr+1G 8
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 2E
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21.2 Macro Lenses G
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses wBK%=7
22.1 Monochromatic Systems [6Nw)r(a(
22.2 Scanner Lenses /n|`a1!
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses U&<Nhh
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23 Tolerance Budgeting 6bW:&IPQ;
23.1 The Tolerance Budget \d)~. 2$G*
23.2 Additive Tolerances V*U*_Y
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget J}vxK
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24 Formulary YN@4.&RP
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions &QL!Y{=Y6
24.2 The Cardinal Points 8x J]K
24.3 Image Equations Xu8_ <%
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 8Qg,UX
24.5 Invariants c#6g[TE@
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) g@jAIy]
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships B "z`X!\
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions @Ja8~5 :
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs AqzPwO^
24.10 Stop Shift Equations xXktMlI
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces bqt*d)$
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) $"/xi `
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Glossary =tv,B3Mo
Reference AShnCL8uR
Index