"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ^@e4 m O
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition E'zLgU)r`
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1 Introduction #Q}`kFB`
1.1 Lens Design Books LO0<=4iN(
1.2 Reference Material p = _K P9
1.3 Specifications 2bwf(
1.4 Lens Design zts%oIgV
1.5 Lens Design Program Features <z+5+h|^
1.6 About This Book Ad DlS~\?
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2 Automatic Lens Design 86$9)UI
2.2 The Merit Function tb#. Y
2.3 Local Minima jFfuT9oId
2.4 The Landscape Lens Ge=+ 0W)&
2.5 Types of Merit Function 0w}OE8uq
2.6 Stagnation +x$Gw X
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing "b 5:6\
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization }S |~^
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems Cc7PhoPK
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits dUiv+K)ccQ
2.11 Spectral Weighting zX{K\yp
2.12 How to Get Started dq[X:3i
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3 Improving a Design ,;9byb
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ~ {OBRC
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) wd&Tf
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3.3 Splitting Elements jy#'o adS?
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet k_$:?$
3.5 Compounding an Element ?v?b%hK!;
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses S?n, O+q
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem @%mJw
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3.8 Balancing Aberrations *C G-F=
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle uBp"YX9rx
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces V*HkF T
To v !X8p
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 9D,`9L5-=
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation _Eo $V&
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance i Qs7L y"
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations = rDoXm
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function e7rD,`NiV
4.5 Fabrication Considerations F"o
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5 Lens Design Data ZdQt!
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs CtiTXDc_
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots hJ[Z~PC\T0
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign ` rEu8u
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF xfYDjf :<
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots b7&5>Q/ g
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ght vAG
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6 Telescope Objective d'Cn] <
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet M}Sn$h_
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective -'ff0l
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 4 XSEN ]F
6.4 Spherochromatism
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6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 'a8{ YT4
6.6 Induced Aberrations !
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6.7 Three-Element Objectives r o:B[X E
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) S+aXlb
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 1yHlBeEC
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design T \d-r#{
6.11 A Final Note WBcnE( zF
x z5 V.
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ,ru2C_LQ
7.1 Eyepieces X; [$yW9hE
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ?4 p\ujc
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces $,Q 0ay
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular PL*Mz(&bf
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces jx*jYil
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces SvE3E$ *
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier <0R$yB
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces `x b\ )
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats {,V .IDs8[
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats C%#%_
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8.2 Glass Choice K ?R*
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8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations }.+{M.[}
8.4 Other Design Considerations LU'<EXUbY
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 9
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8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet r1vF/yt(
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet -|Z[GN:
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses )w 3?o#@
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces Y 8$Y]2
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness b@6hGiqx
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9 Split Triplets q.xt%`@ aA
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets H] i.\2z
10.1 The Classic Tessar 2L\}
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac d2cslD d
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens D jzHEqiH
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Q&Q$;s3|Y
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar L$T23*9XY
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats }K<% h
11.1 Meniscus Components |_fmbG
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon HhZ lHL
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens GPyr;FV!s
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ,drbj.0-
11.5 The Split Dagor [9}D+k F
11.6 The Dogmar No Sq:e
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens kfb*|
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Y B;q5[
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version WR5@ S&fU`
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens /RWQ+Zf-Y]
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet 397IbZ\
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet SK6?;_
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 0ZRIi70u
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 1]DPy+
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay )iKV"jsC
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13 Telephoto Lenses oR``Jiob|
13.1 The Basic Telephoto yX`5x^w Vw
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses *#{V ^}
13.3 Telephoto Designs 3izGMH_`
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch qwf97pg$
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses 7dg2-4
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle te<lCD6
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens {hP_"nN#
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses Q/u2 Q;j>
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses U3oMY{{E J
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses W UN|,P`b
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens XA1gV>SJ
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens aAT! $0H
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener d_ [l{
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses .m;5s45O{
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Q;h6F{i
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17 Microscope Objectives :gwM$2 vv
17.1 General Considerations ^9jrI
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front p-qt?A
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 9/yE\p .
17.4 Reflecting Objectives yJ0q)x sS
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ^8z~`he=_J
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems _Mm Si4]yd
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors >>>& {>}!
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems XCP/e p
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems aN^x ]0P!0
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids K{vn[}
18.6 Unobscured Systems 8AGP*"gI
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” lx)Bj6
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ]b+Nsr~
19.1 Infrared Optics llK7~uOC
19.2 IR Objective Lenses T F[8r[93
19.3 IR Telescope IEP^u
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19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ~LG< Uu
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems }%}yOLo:
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 7_ G$&
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20 Zoom Lenses M hwuh`v%
20.1 Zoom Lenses x("V +y*
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras `B%IHr
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens }2!=1|}
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens S= ^kR [O"
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure Y0 ?<~Gf
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses "NM SLqO
21.1 Projection TV Lenses N!Cy)HnS\w
21.2 Macro Lenses YD@n8?~$$
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses jqJ't)N
22.1 Monochromatic Systems QI WfGVc-
22.2 Scanner Lenses )J>-;EYb8
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses _@/nc:)H
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23 Tolerance Budgeting p_:bt7
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget ?E6 C|A$I
23.2 Additive Tolerances 0)0,&@])7
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget VX+: C(m~
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24 Formulary P: QSr8K
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions SKdh !*G
24.2 The Cardinal Points |.~0Ulk ,
24.3 Image Equations Xf/ qUao
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) _q1b3)`D
24.5 Invariants ~/R bYvyA
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) mNDd>4%H_
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships z <jH{ AU
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions J;#7dRW{
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs H]<@\g*l@P
24.10 Stop Shift Equations sqE? U*8.-
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces g?1 ! /+
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Xn NU-UCX
[:" 7B&&A
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Glossary #bZT&YE^
Reference 7|B g--G1
Index
