"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 5 elw~u
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 4Yxo~ m(
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1 Introduction s<*XNNE7
1.1 Lens Design Books /rg*p
1.2 Reference Material if}-_E<F
1.3 Specifications SLO%7%>p
1.4 Lens Design q:l>O5
1.5 Lens Design Program Features aki_RG>U'
1.6 About This Book `%CtWJ(e
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2 Automatic Lens Design MA;1;uI,
2.2 The Merit Function Q&MZN);.
2.3 Local Minima >^%7@i:@U
2.4 The Landscape Lens ^9^WuSq
2.5 Types of Merit Function |\QgX%
2.6 Stagnation #rxVd
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2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing umD!2
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2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization X'%E\/~u
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems zfI>qJ+Nqt
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits eyefW n&
2.11 Spectral Weighting ki [UV
zd
2.12 How to Get Started ="x\`+U
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3 Improving a Design @b"t]#V(E
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 6;C3RU]
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) N e#WI'
3.3 Splitting Elements FQT~pfY
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet /<E5"Mm%
3.5 Compounding an Element S?RN?1
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses -cZDGt
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem QF{4/y^j{
3.8 Balancing Aberrations iOwx0GD.n
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle $SM#< @
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces ,$1eFgY%
8d?g]DEN)6
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design kHXL8k#T
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation cU ?0(z7
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance n9@ of
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations )p
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function hy}8Aji&
4.5 Fabrication Considerations ~2<7ZtV=
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5 Lens Design Data G:<`moKgL
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs i-bJS6
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots )ap_Z6
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign b`)){LR
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF /GIxR6i
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots (Q%'N3gk
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 1&^MfP}
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6 Telescope Objective 1"/He ` 4
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet A/s>PhxV
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective { T4
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective e_s&L,ze
6.4 Spherochromatism #[zI5)Meh
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration \]P!.}nX#
6.6 Induced Aberrations &8%e\W\K:/
6.7 Three-Element Objectives V6t,BJjS
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) Vl_:c75"
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet fQL"O}Z
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design Mr?Xp(.}G
6.11 A Final Note b7 !Qn}
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers {.Z}5K
7.1 Eyepieces T%6&PrQ7
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs t]$P 1*I
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces IB#
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7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular p!sWYui
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces pX&pLaF
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces !PrwH;
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier o4*+T8[|5
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 0G7K8`a
XK|R8rhg8`
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats tjGd )
8.2 Glass Choice dDm):Z*`b
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations yHHt(GM|o
8.4 Other Design Considerations ]l'Y'z,}
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens vhsk0$f
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet kqce[hgs<
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet %Eb%V ($
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 1AG=%F|.
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces e=4+$d
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 7<%<Ff@^)O
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9 Split Triplets ~><^'j[
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 0A,]$Fzt
10.1 The Classic Tessar Ps%qfL\
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 0Z0:,!
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens S,<EEtXQ
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets $aN-Y?U%
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar *uo'VJI7_,
= M]iIWQ@`
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats g.'yZvaP
11.1 Meniscus Components n|b5? 3
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon z)z{3rR|PW
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 5aln>1x>hn
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses $BFvF
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11.5 The Split Dagor Q$:![}[(
11.6 The Dogmar EL8NZ%:v:
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens &v"3*.org@
G:pEE:W[
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens u0#}9UKQ
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version :WSDf VX
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens tID%}Z v
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet u%]shm
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet c)A{p
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element HsnLm67'
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 1gmt2>#v%
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay rg{9UVj
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13 Telephoto Lenses rAs,X
13.1 The Basic Telephoto LJOr!rWi
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses $<^u^q37u
13.3 Telephoto Designs ]S(%[|
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch -i4&v7"
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses #
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14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ukv tQz)
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens )13dn]o=2
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses YKE46q;J
@BrMl%gV
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses T"&)&"W*U
:.?gHF.?
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses yuDZ~0]R
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ?{U
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16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens o99pHW(E
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener rp6q?3=g
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses zH>hx5,k'X
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems MY/3]g<
!!4Qj
17 Microscope Objectives Kh4$ wwn
17.1 General Considerations (`6T&>(4
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front X^\>:<
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives zfc3)7
17.4 Reflecting Objectives "Vr[4&`
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs KAsS[
0b/ WpP
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems &f7fK|}
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors m85WA
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18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems B%KG3]
18.3 Catadioptric Systems QT9n,lX
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems Dk+&X-]6x5
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids kl"+YF5/
18.6 Unobscured Systems Qb!PRCHQ
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Gcb|W&
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 01T`Flz
19.1 Infrared Optics -F=v6N {
19.2 IR Objective Lenses }?&k a$rI
19.3 IR Telescope P
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19.4 Laser Beam Expanders +3a?`Z
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems C-8qj>
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses #-8\JEn
TZtjbD>B
20 Zoom Lenses }BiiE%a
20.1 Zoom Lenses L:(1ZS
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras _DrJVC~6@
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens K"uNxZ
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens McoK@q;
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure rJa$9B*^
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 7},)]da>,'
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 8scc%t7
21.2 Macro Lenses \o\nr!=k
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses gPu2G/Y
22.1 Monochromatic Systems S,U
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22.2 Scanner Lenses :QWq"cBem
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 6G}+gqbX
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23 Tolerance Budgeting ?88`fJ@tk?
23.1 The Tolerance Budget *xE,sj+(
23.2 Additive Tolerances lpRR&
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget {V1Pp;A
G&;j6<h l
24 Formulary wnTV|^Q
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions %+ FG ,d
24.2 The Cardinal Points 8vuCc=
24.3 Image Equations H'MJ{r0,
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 66#"
24.5 Invariants 'TTUN=y
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) ^1Xt]T`e
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships m~lpyAw
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions w_ {,<[#
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs `z0{S!
24.10 Stop Shift Equations #q3l!3\mW
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 9S[XTU
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) eZr&x~]
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Glossary AF43$6KZP$
Reference ^E6d`2w-
Index