"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith XeKIue@_
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 5fA<I _ D
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1 Introduction "i(k 8+i K
1.1 Lens Design Books -: dUD1
1.2 Reference Material #jv~FR`4v^
1.3 Specifications ehV`@ss
1.4 Lens Design ^# 9
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1.5 Lens Design Program Features ?ep93:j
1.6 About This Book :4;ZO~eq!
a2 SMNC]
2 Automatic Lens Design v&;q4b4
2.2 The Merit Function OV_Y`u7 YR
2.3 Local Minima n GZZCsf <
2.4 The Landscape Lens yL7D;< !S&
2.5 Types of Merit Function |^ []Oy=
2.6 Stagnation Xk8+m>
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing mw- 0 n
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 9,sj,A1
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems wKIQK!B)mF
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits ~D PjTR
2.11 Spectral Weighting rzsb(
2.12 How to Get Started bx_`S#*N
K*xqQ]&
3 Improving a Design ^OnU;8IC
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques I6,'o)l{_
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) */;[ -9
3.3 Splitting Elements m-dyvW+
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet PbvRh~n
3.5 Compounding an Element 7F!_gj p
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses TL-sxED,,D
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem oi^2Pvauh
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ! `LaX!bmp
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle i<@6f'Kir
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces $vlq ]6V8
R @ N
I
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design Ri =>evx
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation rXPq'k'h#-
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance h y3j8?66
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations B&ItA76
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function (A|Gb2 X
4.5 Fabrication Considerations MF)Xc\}0p
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5 Lens Design Data tpO MKh.`
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs sEP-jEuwG
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots [DpGL/Y.
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign AIgJ,=9K
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF aw&:$tw bM
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots % 5Hsd
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ? FGzw
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6 Telescope Objective MB06=N
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 1D%3|_id^
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective |\;oFuCv##
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ( L}
6.4 Spherochromatism PeT _Ty
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration WDQtj$e+
6.6 Induced Aberrations |h$*z9bsf
6.7 Three-Element Objectives
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) &'4{/Gz
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet a$ H*C(wL
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design Z
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6A1
6.11 A Final Note &.J8O+
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers |U)m'W -(q
7.1 Eyepieces XJ,P8nx
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs BB@I|)9O(
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces (WZKqt)S"o
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular v'gP,UO-%D
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 9c9F C
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces \i_y (;
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier f'P}]_3(
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces AT Dm$ *
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats l`=).k
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats swNJ\m
8.2 Glass Choice 7fRL'I#[@
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations FdwT
8.4 Other Design Considerations jm9J-%?
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens =+;1^sZ
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet AKs=2N> 7
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet lCT N
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8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses &* GwA
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ]+A>*0#"
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness J A0$Fz
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9 Split Triplets EXn$ [K;
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets U U!M/QJ
10.1 The Classic Tessar G tI]6 t
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac kw)@[1U
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens iC- ?F
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10.4 Other Compounded Triplets xHEkmL`)4
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar c*MS d
F jdh&9Zc
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats k#"Pv"
11.1 Meniscus Components ~@ a7RiE@
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon #:Z"V8n'
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens LX A1rgUWT
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses V lb L
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11.5 The Split Dagor o %#Z
11.6 The Dogmar
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens XP'Mv_!Z
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens z{T2! w~[
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version N{Og; roGD
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens "h.} o DS
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ~:7AHK2
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet *]G& pmMs
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element <()xO(
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar G#V5E)Dx
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 5wX e^G
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13 Telephoto Lenses 4eb<SNi
13.1 The Basic Telephoto g*8LdH 6mq
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses U!m-{7s$
13.3 Telephoto Designs 4f,D3e%T|
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch !fdni}f)
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses $IUP;
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle A(AyLxB47*
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 0^44${bA
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses AfvTStwr
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses &8t?OpB =h
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses [o&Vr\.$
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens WH :+HNl1d
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens p-V#nPb
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener F=
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses : 4$Ex2
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems U@[P.y~J
G-oC A1UdN
17 Microscope Objectives @t`| w.]ml
17.1 General Considerations #I9 |>XE1
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front EVmQ"PKL'
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives #FF5xe
17.4 Reflecting Objectives :0ND0A{K:
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ,
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems YlOYgr^
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors {B|U 8j[
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems M0o=bYI
18.3 Catadioptric Systems b 0LjNO@<
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems `h5HA-ud
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids en7i})v\".
18.6 Unobscured Systems "Gcr1$xG8!
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” D+rDgrv
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems n);2b\&
19.1 Infrared Optics s9'g'O5
19.2 IR Objective Lenses fT._Os?i
19.3 IR Telescope ,)V*xpp
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders f4s[R0l
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems x[nv+n ,
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses aGp <%d
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20 Zoom Lenses U._ U!U
20.1 Zoom Lenses &{&lC BN
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras aVua n&]*=
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens ,Z_nV+l_
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens SiojOH
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure pvy ;L[c
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses -j3 -H&
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 3~I<f ^K4
21.2 Macro Lenses @babgP,
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses _1y|#o
22.1 Monochromatic Systems g/+M&k$
22.2 Scanner Lenses i40r}?-
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses hv*n";V
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24 Q
23 Tolerance Budgeting xx;'WL,g
23.1 The Tolerance Budget nIph[Vs-Z
23.2 Additive Tolerances 1sc #!^Oo
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 7u5B/M!
j K[VE hs
24 Formulary e /;Ui
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions E\m?0]W|
24.2 The Cardinal Points w])~m1yW
24.3 Image Equations }J`{g/
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ~R)w
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24.5 Invariants .[cT3l/ t
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 2SG|] =
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships BqZLqGO Ku
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions .E;6Xx_+r
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs
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24.10 Stop Shift Equations N0
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces I]SR .Yp%
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) xDADJ>u2K
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Glossary /Z2*>7HM8[
Reference [ 9(B;;R@
Index
