"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith NLcO{
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition !Y ;H(.A/
2-vJv+-
1 Introduction '}U_D:o.b
1.1 Lens Design Books Q!4i_)rM
1.2 Reference Material wF|0n t
1.3 Specifications ioB|*D<U2
1.4 Lens Design g".d"d{
1.5 Lens Design Program Features (Oxz'#TX
1.6 About This Book Zi 2o
.ocx(_3G
2 Automatic Lens Design t$U3|r
2.2 The Merit Function ;]2x
2.3 Local Minima vOos*&
2.4 The Landscape Lens ,sO:$
2.5 Types of Merit Function i0k+l
2.6 Stagnation rPRrx-A
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing vS7/ ~:C
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization |HrM_h<X
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems a$w},=
`E
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits )>(L{y|uYX
2.11 Spectral Weighting u9TzZ
2.12 How to Get Started lp,\]]
Cw
1 9y
3 Improving a Design `d75@0:
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 285_|!.Y
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) /h/6&R0l
3.3 Splitting Elements Q Oz9\,C
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet .CVUEK@Z4
3.5 Compounding an Element <A)+|Y"^h6
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ` *>V6B3
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem K1:a]aU?Iu
3.8 Balancing Aberrations VBu8}}Ql
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ~}h^38
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces fJX\'Rc\
y)6,0K {k
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ?Q@L-H`
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 3>i>@n_
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance u FMIY(vB
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations *Wzwbwg
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function JxjP@nr
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Iph3%RaE
:bwM]k*$
5 Lens Design Data ?$3r5sx
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 6^Ph '
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots VJ3hC[
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign +W6Hva.
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ;P3>>DZ
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots #e*X0;m
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot j8pFgnQ
fCB:733H
6 Telescope Objective 8)sg_JC
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet C*7!dW6
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Wdo#?@m
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective wa" uFW
6.4 Spherochromatism &ik$L!iX
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration M:_!w[NiLp
6.6 Induced Aberrations +O'vj
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Qu`n&
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) VMx%1^/(
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet gC`)]*'tE
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design wy''tqg6
6.11 A Final Note \k;U}Te<
/KAlK5<
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers }&1Iyb
7.1 Eyepieces P<u"97@8a
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs &eIGF1ws
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces co/7l sW
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular {DT4mG5
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces CN/IH
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces ;W0]66&
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier Vu[:A
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 84'?um
Y;,Hzmbs6w
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats ~Eq \DK
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ('t kZt%8
8.2 Glass Choice "x&3Z@q7
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations JvkL37^n:
8.4 Other Design Considerations .|uLt J
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens YdI0E
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet khAqYu")
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet snYr9O[E6
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses :mpiAs<%U"
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces &EovZ@u
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness Jf)3< ~G
H?uukmZl
9 Split Triplets pcH<gF(k
2zK"*7b?
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets jJ~Y]dQi
10.1 The Classic Tessar 3sFeP&
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac wVqd$nsY"
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens Kd3QqVJBz1
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Q.k
:\m*h
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar JDv-O&]
cXN _*%
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats W&(f&{A
11.1 Meniscus Components <C<`J{X0
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon i"HgvBHx
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens We}lx{E
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses |)o#|Qo
11.5 The Split Dagor RH(V^09[o
11.6 The Dogmar aqMc6N`z
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens $
[7 Vgs
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens @T&t.|`
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version iePf ]O*
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens xNpg{cQ=
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet lJ{V
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 1pP1d%
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element >t3'_cBC!
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 6:?rlh
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay jxw_*^w"
W#XG;
13 Telephoto Lenses gUVn;_
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 8g*hvPc
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses = .oHnMX2M
13.3 Telephoto Designs }rbZ&IN\?E
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch ?_q+&)4-o
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses {8@\Ij
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle G>
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14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens )%Ru#}1X6
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses x*}bo))hb
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ] hE="z=n
1H{jy^sP 7
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ~rv})4h
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens B@t'U=@7
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ](K0Fwo`;"
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener VC-;S7k
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Q$ZHv_VLx
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems !gP0ndRJ=
Zb''mf\
17 Microscope Objectives z`$J_Cj Y
17.1 General Considerations ;(6P6@+o
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 'C?NJ~MN
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives XU-m"_t
17.4 Reflecting Objectives mlu 3K
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs N.j
"S'(i
bAF )Bli
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems .px:e)iW
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ~]uZy=P? 5
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems x5Zrz<Y$w
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ^_>!B)
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 0ys~2Y!eH
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids nr\q7
18.6 Unobscured Systems +F@_Es<6
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” @Doyt{|T
Z=+03
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ii4B?E
19.1 Infrared Optics IA*KaX2S<
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ?o[L7JI
19.3 IR Telescope %_gho
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders BC/_:n8O
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems tRfm+hqRZ
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses y' x F0
:q+N&j'3
20 Zoom Lenses >nnY:7m
20.1 Zoom Lenses 3071:W
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras X
K>&$<5{
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens G '#41>q+
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens jO'|mGUM
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses rPiNv
30L
21.1 Projection TV Lenses py<_HyJ
21.2 Macro Lenses 5lmO:G1
``QHG&$/
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses uV]ULm#,i
22.1 Monochromatic Systems Vk}49O<K/
22.2 Scanner Lenses ,x_Z JL
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses eD;6okdP
' UMFS
23 Tolerance Budgeting ZX.TqvK/r
23.1 The Tolerance Budget BWq/TG=>
23.2 Additive Tolerances FY#!N
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23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget )]Ti>R O7
@Hjea1@t
24 Formulary zlf}.
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions t[C1z
24.2 The Cardinal Points OtUrGQP
24.3 Image Equations }ot"Sx\.
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) y?z\L
24.5 Invariants _p}xZD\?,
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) hR)2xz
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships x:z0EYL
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions 2WCLS{@'
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs clDHTj=~
24.10 Stop Shift Equations UTk r.T+2X
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces e<\<,)9@/
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) `y!/F?o+!
DJ;g|b
t/p $
Glossary grcbH
Reference }GZbo kWg.
Index