"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith i_qY=*a?y
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition "Eh=@?]S_
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1 Introduction 8SRR)O[)}
1.1 Lens Design Books 41
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1.2 Reference Material k1&9 bgI
1.3 Specifications ^eW<-n@^
1.4 Lens Design !do` OEQKR
1.5 Lens Design Program Features @yp0WB
1.6 About This Book Q M,#:m1o
= =Gc%
2 Automatic Lens Design ~^wSwd[
2.2 The Merit Function _^ hg7&dF
2.3 Local Minima zB.cOMx
2.4 The Landscape Lens =Rd`"]Mnfb
2.5 Types of Merit Function Gxr\a2Z&r%
2.6 Stagnation |q`NJ
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing ~aC ?M&
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization '-wmY?ZFxy
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems _i_='dsyW/
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits Ft5A(P >
2.11 Spectral Weighting @SX%q&-
2.12 How to Get Started ki1(b]rf
o78 u>O y
3 Improving a Design Q)7 5?mn
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques i>M%)HN
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) =\Q< TY
3.3 Splitting Elements *_D/_Rp7
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet H c mW
3.5 Compounding an Element }:8}i;#M
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses Q-x>yau"
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem D
e&, ^"%
3.8 Balancing Aberrations %
/:1eE`!S
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle M}]
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3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 9f~qD&~
@*%3+ 9`yq
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design s|C[{n<_
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation Y?^liI`#
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance zgD?e?yPO
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 0/HFLz'
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function $dM_uSt
4.5 Fabrication Considerations i6Z7O )V
P2n8H Fi
5 Lens Design Data H Z3;2k
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs w=KfkdAJ*/
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 8}n< 3_
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign %q5dV<X'c
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF !MoAga_
j
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots \$ 9C1@B@
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot yaz6?,)
Pe`mZCd^
6 Telescope Objective m6R/ ,
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet /2Izj/Q
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective Sk{skvd;
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ky2]% cw
6.4 Spherochromatism zPn b_[YF
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration qU26i"GHp
6.6 Induced Aberrations 1!uBzO6/$
6.7 Three-Element Objectives LR=Ji7
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) =$ OGHc
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Fz#@ [1,
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design ,Zmjw@ w
6.11 A Final Note 8N& ' n
;nSF\X(;{
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers XFWpHe_ L
7.1 Eyepieces T0 K!Msz
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs E2DfG^sGV
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces B:h<iU:'D
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular X]y:uD{
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ]bds~OY5 U
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 88HqP!m%P:
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier q>_<\|?%x
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces )tG. 9"<
'0 Cp
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats O2fq9%lk
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats { Zgd
8.2 Glass Choice R-%6v2;ry
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations :#:|:q.]
8.4 Other Design Considerations 0?54 8yH
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens (MLcA\LJ
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet }y6)d.
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet *2 Pr1U
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses oU|G74e 6
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces W>#yXg9
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness " $(+M t^
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9 Split Triplets PC9,;T&7_
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Y
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10.1 The Classic Tessar #*bmwb*i
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac q-! H7o
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 0&s6 PS%
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets |gE1P/%k
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar X&9: ^$m
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats ;VE y{%nF
11.1 Meniscus Components rZ?:$],U!
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon ^+x?@$rq
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens #gbB// <
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses Cd*h4Q]S
11.5 The Split Dagor c)#P} Ai
11.6 The Dogmar = TD`P et
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens t"$~o:U&)
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens w0!$ow.l
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ^}+\ 52w
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens nJe}U#
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet _:Qh1 &h
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet #,tT`{u1q
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element r *K
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar @jn&Wf?
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay LGt>=|=bj
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13 Telephoto Lenses *I 1 H
13.1 The Basic Telephoto _)45G"M
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses AYnPxiW|
13.3 Telephoto Designs J Y
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch Et 3]n$
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses M
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14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle x)C }
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens yz68g?"
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 2iNLm6"
jz8u'y [n7
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses z>PVv)X
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses Um+ _ S@h
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ]c>@RXY'
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens }StzhV{GS
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener : {a< ~n`
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses . HZ d.*
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems IWE([<i}i[
h:fiUCw
17 Microscope Objectives Z N8j})lE
17.1 General Considerations jZ.yt+9
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front dgP e H8_
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives AQZ<,TE0,
17.4 Reflecting Objectives vgeqH[:
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 5t:Zp\$+`
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems jC&fnt,O
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors dWn6-es
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems yv-R<c!'
18.3 Catadioptric Systems uq3pk3
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18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems k>ErD v8
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids O1v)*&NAI
18.6 Unobscured Systems .,u>WIUxj
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” [~N;d9H+*1
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems QVjHGY*R
19.1 Infrared Optics O=A R`r# u
19.2 IR Objective Lenses <%^ /uS
19.3 IR Telescope U =J5lo
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Mqr]e#"o
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems qy|bOl
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 5[;[ Te9=S
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20 Zoom Lenses +Q+O$-a <
20.1 Zoom Lenses P8m0]T.&x
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras [WDza Rzd
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens oEX,\@+u
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens !*v%
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20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ]y {tMC
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses pwN2Nzski
21.1 Projection TV Lenses $^Xxn.B9
21.2 Macro Lenses =>' 8<"M5z
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses C@Wzg
22.1 Monochromatic Systems >n,_Aj
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22.2 Scanner Lenses
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses i$y=tJehi
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23 Tolerance Budgeting |V5BL<4
23.1 The Tolerance Budget _YX% M|#
23.2 Additive Tolerances (GRW(Zd4
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 2xN7lfu1RB
Vs 5 &X+k
24 Formulary h.t j8O1
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions %uo 8z~+
24.2 The Cardinal Points a>GA=r
24.3 Image Equations nC3+Zka
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) oVw4M2!"K
24.5 Invariants 8
o}5QOW
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) lH3.q4D
5
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships D:9^^uVp
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions 4&NB xe
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ,P <I<QYu
24.10 Stop Shift Equations
Z k w-a
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 1le9YL1_g
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) *wJ$U
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Glossary n`= S&oKH
Reference EG\L]fmD
Index
