"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith S; /. %
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition sb.J
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1 Introduction J YmAn?o-
1.1 Lens Design Books ' [p)N,
1.2 Reference Material 4 I@p%g&
1.3 Specifications *'8Ln tZf
1.4 Lens Design Ge \["`;i
1.5 Lens Design Program Features $3;Upgv
1.6 About This Book
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2 Automatic Lens Design Ix8$njp[
2.2 The Merit Function dULS^i@@
2.3 Local Minima vg\/DbI'
2.4 The Landscape Lens ~]fJlfR*
2.5 Types of Merit Function ,=PKd&
2.6 Stagnation kiUk4&1
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 9M-K]0S(
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization *e{PxaF!C
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems (! KG)!
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits q``wt
2.11 Spectral Weighting X6@w krf-
2.12 How to Get Started s&tE_
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3 Improving a Design K-Mc6
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques WUoOGbA `
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) K1q+~4>\|
3.3 Splitting Elements P+(i^=S
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 7y<1LQ;}
3.5 Compounding an Element r<R4
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3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses (03pJV&K
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 7$uJ7`e
3.8 Balancing Aberrations l-)Bivoi
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle #h'@5 l
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces p*qPcuAA
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ]r/^9XaqtA
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation Fo|xzLm9*|
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance m $dV<
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations _D;@v?n6!O
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function fZN><3MO>
4.5 Fabrication Considerations M\2"gT-LV
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5 Lens Design Data ,.mBJSE3
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 8l+H"M&|
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots p,!$/Q+l
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign >fs2kha
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF lK(Fg
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots H3KTir"on
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot lj[,|[X7`
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6 Telescope Objective 5<+K?uhm
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet &t}?2>:
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective VLvS$0(}Z
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective /yPXMJ6W~R
6.4 Spherochromatism Z S|WnMH
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 0Y+FRB]u
6.6 Induced Aberrations lP_db&
6.7 Three-Element Objectives e@]-D
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 2xxB\J
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 0!GAk
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design dQ:cYNm
6.11 A Final Note 4_=Ja2v8;`
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers 2YBIWR8z
7.1 Eyepieces t#wmAOW
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs smy}3k
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces QWO]`q`|
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular LBlN2)\@
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces <iLM{@lZvJ
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces YZwaD b
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier L8$1K &!
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces K 1#ji*Tp
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats %V_-%/3Z
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 2KJ1V+g@a6
8.2 Glass Choice DVp5hR_$
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations VG@};dwbz*
8.4 Other Design Considerations ERMa# L
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens l]LxL
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet vzo4g,Bj
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet _t>"5s&i
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses <=um1P3X
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces V%ii3
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 7}o/:
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9 Split Triplets d IB }_L
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets =?Fkn4t
10.1 The Classic Tessar ]!"S+gT*C
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac PX
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens Ud%s^A-qS
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets JgfVRqm
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar <^R{U&Z@
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats al^!,ykc
11.1 Meniscus Components gBw^,)Q{0Y
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon A#@_V'a8
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens ODw`E9
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses N3A<:%s
11.5 The Split Dagor cu9Qwm
11.6 The Dogmar M4f;/ `w
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens J
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens nhT(P`6
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ~Qj}ijWD
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens P
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12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet 2b@tj
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12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 3c'#6virz
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element "jg@w%~
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar `FF8ie 8L
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay qv2!grp]*W
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13 Telephoto Lenses E9fxjI%1
13.1 The Basic Telephoto j6:7AH|!)2
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses hlJpElYf
13.3 Telephoto Designs wFS2P+e;X
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch Tenf:Hm/k
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses {=:#S+^ER
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle wD\ZOn_J
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens j f~wBmd7
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses sp9W?IJ 6c
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses EM j;2!
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses _
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16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens @I3eK^#|P
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens
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16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ]2SF9p_
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses AG6K
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16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems {d3<W N
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17 Microscope Objectives I s57F4[}
17.1 General Considerations PgM (l3x
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front k\r(=cex6
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Z?NW1m()F
17.4 Reflecting Objectives V\5 L?}
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs $0A ~uDbs
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems !p"aAZT7sq
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors v}JD2.O+
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 8P' ana
18.3 Catadioptric Systems gN6rp(?y
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 6i@\5}m=
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids !c#]?b%
18.6 Unobscured Systems +_l^ #?o,
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” q%YV$$c
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems
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19.1 Infrared Optics (7FW9X;
19.2 IR Objective Lenses Mz]:}qmFA
19.3 IR Telescope :nY2O
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders =}!Mf'
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems tiPa6tQ
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses ecJ6
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20 Zoom Lenses sJx+8
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20.1 Zoom Lenses | t QiFC
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras o|pT;1a"
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Z"-L[2E/{!
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens |Hr:S":9
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ,"0)6=AE
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses FCj{AD
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ^ZDBO/
21.2 Macro Lenses %^.%OCX:
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses sZgRt
22.1 Monochromatic Systems zSvgKmNY
22.2 Scanner Lenses tvKAIwe
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses =DbY? Q<Q
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23 Tolerance Budgeting gR^>3n'
23.1 The Tolerance Budget P,S
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23.2 Additive Tolerances g9fq5E<G
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget Z#l%r0(o
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24 Formulary "L&'Fd@ZU
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions L)QE`24
24.2 The Cardinal Points r,P1^ uHx
24.3 Image Equations V
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24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) smY$-v)@
24.5 Invariants "[p@tc?5
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) .9[45][FK
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships S"m cUU}}
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions -D^A:}$
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 8e~|.wOL
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 4M&`$Wim
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces :p&!RI(l
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) lS^(&<{
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Glossary X6+qpp
Reference _M[,!{ C
Index