"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith a)S7}0|R
wiE]z
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition zZ,Yfd |W
7Fl-(Nv`
1 Introduction D1Yh,P<CF\
1.1 Lens Design Books [6R fS
1.2 Reference Material ~lw<799F6
1.3 Specifications q# vlBL
1.4 Lens Design SRCOs1(EK9
1.5 Lens Design Program Features / Z!i;@Wf
1.6 About This Book \ e,?r H
`^##b6j H
2 Automatic Lens Design 3h S6j S
2.2 The Merit Function nbxR"UH
2.3 Local Minima n93zD*;5
2.4 The Landscape Lens "^%Z'ou
2.5 Types of Merit Function ]US[5)EL-
2.6 Stagnation 1V%'.l9
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing A1A3~9HuK
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization o~C('1Fd b
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems 70Ka!
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits E*|tOj9`1n
2.11 Spectral Weighting VJ{pN ~_1
2.12 How to Get Started HFS+QwHW
onl>54M^
3 Improving a Design ~m`!;rE
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques {$fsS&aPg
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) A/ 0 qk
3.3 Splitting Elements j|K.i/
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet *^h_z;{,
3.5 Compounding an Element HomN/wKh
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ~O4|K Y
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 9Nt3Z >d
3.8 Balancing Aberrations CBHc A'L
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle s[c^"@HT
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces hz)9"B\S
d^84jf.U
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design o4)hxs
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation gb 4pN
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance >o[|"o LO
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations e|'N(D}h*
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ("Dv >&w9
4.5 Fabrication Considerations _V@P-Ye
wUp)JI
5 Lens Design Data )saR0{e0N
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs X\sm[_I
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots RJc%,
]:
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign xb$yu.c
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF \*"`L3
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots T-8J
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 8$}OS-
9L)L|4A.l
6 Telescope Objective h~miP7,c<u
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet Dip*}8$o(w
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective `WlE |
G[
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 4}yE+dRUK:
6.4 Spherochromatism H_B~P%E@]
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration q)iTn) Z!
6.6 Induced Aberrations 3] 76fF\^[
6.7 Three-Element Objectives H(qm>h$bU
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) <qY5SV,
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet agsISu(
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 5$Kf]ZP
6.11 A Final Note e4.&aIC[
;$!I&<)
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers JTUNb'#RZ
7.1 Eyepieces aRwnRii
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs Ew4 g'A:H
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces C\Ayv)S #2
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Hj~O49%j&
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces lbkL yp2
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Q}P-$X+/ n
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier /V^sJ($V$~
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces e@jfIF0=}
$ D_HZ"ytu
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats }lfn0 %(@
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 0I zZKRw
8.2 Glass Choice l$XA5#k
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations -g~~] K%
8.4 Other Design Considerations \4s;!R!
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ]Oso#GYD
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet T[2}p=<%
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet Lt>7hBe"
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses T]71lRY5
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces |Fv?6qw+
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness abWl ut
rYGRz#:~+
9 Split Triplets CW0UMP E5
MsjnRX:c3u
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets [ud|dwP"
10.1 The Classic Tessar 6%? A>
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac t)I0lnbs
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens kaFnw(x a
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ;|30QUYh
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar Z[}
$n-V
295w.X(J
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 'h}7YP, w
11.1 Meniscus Components OCW+?B;
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon B||c(ue
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens x!?Z *v@I
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses t!jwY /T
11.5 The Split Dagor O5;-Om
11.6 The Dogmar ]kS7n @8
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens pUL s Gb
u(hC^T1
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens a: u}d7T3e
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version l0`'5>
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens }ywi"k4>
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ;3 UvkN
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 0j $ OE
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element jo0P d_W8&
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 7 bT
/KLU
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay vlQ0gsXK
}n95< {
13 Telephoto Lenses kfCKhx
13.1 The Basic Telephoto z!CD6W1n
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses v3^t/[e~:
13.3 Telephoto Designs W5/};K\.
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 4oJ$dN
/{we;Ut=g
\)R-A
'*U
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses .)`-Hkxa
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle Gl>E[iO
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens <E}N=J'uJ
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses pqq?*\W&[v
[; @): 28"
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses >0V0i%inmF
ohplj`X[21
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses O PiaG!3<
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ee<H@LeG
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens b,Lw7MY}[
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener (H-cDsh;c
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses {F!v+ W>
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Y)OBTX
4W-"|Z_x
17 Microscope Objectives i;]CL[#2e`
17.1 General Considerations 8m7;x/0ld
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front %
$.vOFP9
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives >)y$mc6
17.4 Reflecting Objectives l0#4Fma
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 5Hy3\_ +
`Sx. |`x8
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems M8_ R
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors zn^ v!:[
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems cz>mhD
18.3 Catadioptric Systems \!4|tBKVY
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems j%5a+(H,z;
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids mQ=sNZ-d ]
18.6 Unobscured Systems m9Il\PoTq
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch”
ol# yjrv
.FJ j
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems )-#i8?y3C
19.1 Infrared Optics @Wz%KdXA
19.2 IR Objective Lenses OA5f } +
19.3 IR Telescope ~4+8p9f
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders D&f!( n
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems %yKKUZ~
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Z:c*!`F
Se/ss! If
20 Zoom Lenses Of&"U/^
20.1 Zoom Lenses HT-PWk>2
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras l# BZzJ?~
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens ;L$,gn5H
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens + "zYn!0
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure nUqL\(UuY
F; W'
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses M#T# :wf~
21.1 Projection TV Lenses SlN" (nq
21.2 Macro Lenses sy=dY@W^
S%{lJYwXt
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses gtMw3D`FL
22.1 Monochromatic Systems |C4o zl=O?
22.2 Scanner Lenses g<a<{|
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses D=JlA~tS>
`xGT_0&ck
23 Tolerance Budgeting UtPwWB_YV
23.1 The Tolerance Budget MU*It"@}2
23.2 Additive Tolerances ovSH}h!
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget @x *.5:[
p $XnOh
24 Formulary DEcGFRgN~
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions S,VyUe4P4
24.2 The Cardinal Points
<irpmRQr
24.3 Image Equations "H @ Fe
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface)
&AJUY()8
24.5 Invariants m'c#uU
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) ~\3l!zIq
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships wZ
O@J|
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions VH[ l\I(h
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs Gg}t-_M
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 0a@c/ XGBp
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ,, 7.=#
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Eh:yR J_8
1B (G]o_>!
yj'C y8
Glossary kM,@[V
Reference fmBkB8
Index
