"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 4kBaB
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition WU
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1 Introduction :c8&N-`
1.1 Lens Design Books |y0(Q V
1.2 Reference Material 3QG7C{
1.3 Specifications r [4tPk
1.4 Lens Design \6R,Nq
1.5 Lens Design Program Features | N[<x@
1.6 About This Book Xc?&_\. +
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2 Automatic Lens Design iV&6nh(
2.2 The Merit Function q35f&O;
2.3 Local Minima a0D%k: k5
2.4 The Landscape Lens | # 47O
2.5 Types of Merit Function nm6h%}xND<
2.6 Stagnation ,.kha8v
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing $npT[~U5
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization wE? 'Cl
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems GBRa.;Kk
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits j!U-'zJ
2.11 Spectral Weighting [co% :xJu
2.12 How to Get Started ~GL]wF2#
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3 Improving a Design L&u$t}~)
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques (NF~Ck$#q
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) G/7cK\^u
3.3 Splitting Elements ioYGZ%RG#
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 3NqN\5B:
3.5 Compounding an Element 3HcQ(+Z
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 1Cgso`
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem ?}kG`q
3.8 Balancing Aberrations /SrCElabP
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle C~o7X^[R\
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces C-\S/yd
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design
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4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation f;W|\z'
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance LUM@#3&
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations P:k>aHnW
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function PIdikA
4.5 Fabrication Considerations TFkZp e;
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5 Lens Design Data 1*9U1\z
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 8,?h~prc
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots @ycDCB(D}
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign Z
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5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF 6L"%e!be6
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 0yuS3VY)
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 57umx`m
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6 Telescope Objective ?0v-qj+
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet #xX5,r0
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective /v-6WSN
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective DAcQz4T`
6.4 Spherochromatism mID"^NOi#
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration KK iE@_z
6.6 Induced Aberrations gW)3e1a
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ]:Nsf|C0
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) NQ(1
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 5|o6v1bM
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design +a^nlW9g
6.11 A Final Note |wiqGzAr{
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers Y
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7.1 Eyepieces nD`w/0hT<
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs K
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 9x>d[-#y:J
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular g;qx">xJ`o
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 6p?,(
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces y9q8i(E0
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier pWK(z[D
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces mz,
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats \m(VdE
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats &7PG.Ff!r
8.2 Glass Choice 3RYpJAH
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations $c]fPt"i
8.4 Other Design Considerations oU056
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens =t9\^RIx)?
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet H`1{_
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet /?@3.3sl_
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses ^l9N48]|?
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces _ba>19csq%
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness fVF2-Rh=
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9 Split Triplets 6$kq aS##
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets _FH`pv
10.1 The Classic Tessar GFeQ%l`7F
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac -:|?h{q?u
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens $*e2YQdLo
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ;<&*rnH
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar iII=;:p
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats Fv~20G(O
11.1 Meniscus Components @ ;*Ksy@1O
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon LAB=Vp1y3[
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens #Y*X<L
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses WI-&x
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11.5 The Split Dagor * @ 3Ag(
11.6 The Dogmar j[`j9mM8
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 7gf05Z'=
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens TE3lK(f
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 9s\A\$("l
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens y0sR6TY)f
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet rp3V3]EE
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet "I3@m%qv
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element >V-A;S:
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 't:;irLW.
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay \k .{-nh
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13 Telephoto Lenses dP3CG8w5
13.1 The Basic Telephoto );#JL0I
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses '@o;-'b
13.3 Telephoto Designs |2O]R s
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch zr-*$1eu
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses iW$_zgN
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle J\+0[~~
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens dBYmiF!+
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses |Luqoa
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ck:T,F{}
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 6HT;#Znn
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens {m4b(t`xw
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens s^Y"' ` +
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener LInz<bc<(
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses MI/MhkS
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16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ) pzy
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17 Microscope Objectives XW[j!`nlk
17.1 General Considerations GzhYY"iif#
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front Px4)>/ z,
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives qX/y5F`
17.4 Reflecting Objectives wo4;n9@I
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ,k24w7K%d
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors <^VJy5>
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ,|3MG",@@h
18.3 Catadioptric Systems `95r0t0hh\
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems &-;4.op
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids PRx8I
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18.6 Unobscured Systems +9M^7/}H
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” K*%9)hq
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems @@R7p
19.1 Infrared Optics Xnt~]k\"
19.2 IR Objective Lenses +[M6X}
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19.3 IR Telescope o*-)Tq8GHE
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders QX!-B
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems U bXh,QEG*
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses qyZ"
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20 Zoom Lenses FEW14U'O
20.1 Zoom Lenses o*b] p-
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras O8+7g+J=!
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens \z>fb%YW
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens \.0^n3y
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure vUN22;Z\
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ? E1<!~
21.1 Projection TV Lenses -z-C*%~
21.2 Macro Lenses J*r*X.
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses u8'Zl8g
22.1 Monochromatic Systems A#K14Ayr
22.2 Scanner Lenses qz+dmef
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses B\=L3eL<D
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23 Tolerance Budgeting y0Fb_"}
23.1 The Tolerance Budget sQ=]NF)\
23.2 Additive Tolerances Z~AO0zUKY
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget
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24 Formulary Q!o'}nA
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions oL!EYbFD'Z
24.2 The Cardinal Points .~)q};Z
24.3 Image Equations ],>@";9u"
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 4qO+_!x{)
24.5 Invariants 18|m)(W
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) Tre]"2l
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships EOIN^4V"
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions Vrjc~>X
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs wu7Lk3
24.10 Stop Shift Equations {'NZ.
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces US+Q~GTA
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) <C_jF
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Glossary ~,d,#)VE2q
Reference cpe+XvBuK
Index