"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ` poE6\
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition sWblFvHqrU
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1 Introduction :2-pjkhiwY
1.1 Lens Design Books B0WJ/)rK<
1.2 Reference Material c#]q^L\x
1.3 Specifications hcbv;[bG
1.4 Lens Design HcV"X,7S
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 5N*Ux4M
1.6 About This Book dwd:6.J(
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2 Automatic Lens Design @wC5 g 4E
2.2 The Merit Function 3UQ;X**F
2.3 Local Minima [[ Y0
2.4 The Landscape Lens {aC! ~qR
2.5 Types of Merit Function 2hQ>:
2.6 Stagnation nn9wdt@.]
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing njnDW~Snb
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 0}xFD6{X
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems { TRsd
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits -x4X O`b
2.11 Spectral Weighting 3lq Mucr
2.12 How to Get Started P#/HTu5q7
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3 Improving a Design ]B]*/
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 0{PzUIM,W
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values )
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3.3 Splitting Elements p6XtTx
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet <K4 ,7J$}h
3.5 Compounding an Element lP!;3iJ B
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses "a/ Q%.P
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem FwZ>{~ ?3
3.8 Balancing Aberrations P7f,OY<@%o
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ^T,Gu-2>
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces -+em!g'
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design $ 4T2z-
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation W|,V50K
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 0W()lQ
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations tpTAeQ*:d
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function TSsKfexQ
4.5 Fabrication Considerations @b3#X@e}
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5 Lens Design Data V)i5=bH C
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs @ (i!Y L
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots FG!X "<he
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign K[7EOXLy
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ^p/Ob'!
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ^@_m "^C
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot q;wLa#4)J
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6 Telescope Objective S$^ RbI
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet `[Y ngYw
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 1I}b|6
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6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective )CS.F=
6.4 Spherochromatism eV cANP
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration % D`,k*X
6.6 Induced Aberrations NCf"tK'5n
6.7 Three-Element Objectives <(e8sNe
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) kz S=g|_
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet #s%-INcR
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design Y}D onF
6.11 A Final Note @v*/R%rv t
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers :` $@}GI
7.1 Eyepieces ? QDWuPhN
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs J%]D%2vnk`
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 'iLH `WE
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular d'9:$!oz
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces F Cc=e{
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 3v!~ cC~cI
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier D["MUB4l
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces G 8Y+w
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats )Os Lrq/
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ?Jtg3AY
8.2 Glass Choice 8 )\M:s~7&
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations `4CWE_ k
8.4 Other Design Considerations dy>|c j
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens r++i=SQax
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet /LQ:Sv7
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet i$-#dc2qY
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses ]PNow S\
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces m^{
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness t^tCA -
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9 Split Triplets lg1PE7
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 1{2eY%+ C
10.1 The Classic Tessar 396R$\q
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac wX'}4Z=C~
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens IdM*5Y>f
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets " B@jfa%
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 5`E))?*"Pe
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats |[cdri^?D
11.1 Meniscus Components /CT(k1>
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon chAan~r[*
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens |Zq\GA
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses O(OmGu4%
11.5 The Split Dagor }G1&]Wt_
11.6 The Dogmar 77 :'I
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 8t .dPy<
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens DPJh5 d
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version xKJ>gr"w#
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens \-.
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12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet g<[rH%\6fg
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet (clU$m+oXX
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element Y~"9L|`f/
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar "~p+0Xws9
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay hr U :Wr
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13 Telephoto Lenses IF?xnu
13.1 The Basic Telephoto a%~yol0wO7
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Z%v6xP.
13.3 Telephoto Designs Gidkt;lj
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch nN ~GP"}
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses c)1=U_6 1
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle If}lJ6jZ
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens K ~>jApZ%
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 3B,QJ&
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses Sa}D.SBg
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses pVOI5>f\
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ,ZK]i CGk
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens cjg=nTsBA
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener org*z!;.
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses z`'P>.x
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems I>((o`
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17 Microscope Objectives L<@&nx
17.1 General Considerations [~?M/QI9
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front caD5Pod4
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives @Qo,p
17.4 Reflecting Objectives $j
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs bhKV +oN
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 3LrsWAz'
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors h>tsis'N9
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems q)Je.6$#X
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ^I./L)0= }
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems |!5@xs*T
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids |E|T%i^}./
18.6 Unobscured Systems f%1wMOzx
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” B*Cb6'Q
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems k6g| 7^es2
19.1 Infrared Optics U]j&cFbn5_
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 8OBF^r44R
19.3 IR Telescope {Pvr??"r
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Ty}R^cy{d
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems W^ClHQ"Iy
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses dM gbW<uAu
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20 Zoom Lenses \I
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20.1 Zoom Lenses h *w aRD
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 1Q_ ``.M
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 165WO}(;/
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens T Xl\hL\+
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure q @*UUj@
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses ;.r2$/E
21.1 Projection TV Lenses K*[0dza$
21.2 Macro Lenses I tgH>L'
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses 7rPLnB]
22.1 Monochromatic Systems i/M+t~
22.2 Scanner Lenses T/5nu?v
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses >2t
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23 Tolerance Budgeting 4Q/r[x/&C
23.1 The Tolerance Budget 5#BF ,-Jv
23.2 Additive Tolerances .^GFy
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget C*]AL/
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24 Formulary hF9B?@n?B
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions o8mo=V4j
24.2 The Cardinal Points |H<|{{E
24.3 Image Equations `lvh\[3^
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) \c FAxL(
24.5 Invariants &F86SrsI
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) qY# m*R
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships j@_nI~7f}
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions zAu}hVcW
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs O<Jwaap
24.10 Stop Shift Equations B_b8r7Vn`
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces i:R!T,
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) *;Ak5.du
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Glossary ^]KIgGv\
Reference }[
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Index
