"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith p:u?a, p
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ~ g$Pb[V
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1 Introduction *h Ph01
1.1 Lens Design Books I^'kt[P'FZ
1.2 Reference Material ]qCAog
1.3 Specifications :(EU\yCzK
1.4 Lens Design kQXtO)
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Hw8`/'M=%5
1.6 About This Book \;x+KD
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2 Automatic Lens Design YK#bzu ,!
2.2 The Merit Function ~JY<DW7
2.3 Local Minima g:MpN^l
2.4 The Landscape Lens #"%=7(
2.5 Types of Merit Function H aI
2.6 Stagnation [i24$UT
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 6R% I)
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization s
bV6}
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems Z++JmD1J
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits RWf4Wh?d
2.11 Spectral Weighting dE2(PQb*P
2.12 How to Get Started rkW*C'2fz
c,;-[sn
3 Improving a Design )}\T~#Q]y
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques rJK3;d? E
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) RS@*/.]o
3.3 Splitting Elements uN V(r"
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ;1K[N0xE
3.5 Compounding an Element D t\F]\6sd
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses y8jk9Tv
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem >_h*N H
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Kr`Cr5v
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle *,!6#Z7
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces cMxTv4|wui
1cWUPVQ
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design :N5R.@9
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation - xtj:UO
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 5'gV_U
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations lil1$K: i
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 1Iu^+
4.5 Fabrication Considerations tn201TDZ]=
N8;/Zd;^
5 Lens Design Data aLTC#c%U
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs [9NzvC 9I
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots O#fGHI<43[
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign %c)^8k;I
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ^'r/;(ZF*/
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots GQO}E@W6C
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot !]7r>NS>
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6 Telescope Objective 1i:l
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet hkeOe
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective r8rU+4\8<
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective n8#i L
6.4 Spherochromatism `~QS3zq
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration +s.r!?49+
6.6 Induced Aberrations uqPagt<
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Jw?J(ig^
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) lpLjfHr
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet _!kL7qJ"
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 5Og. :4
6.11 A Final Note U=MFNp+
U7(84k\j
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers E\&~S+:Xp
7.1 Eyepieces }-9
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs BXyg ?
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces J@w Q3#5a
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular s,O:l0
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ^2}0lP|
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces .~qu,q7k~
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier X*6bsYbK-
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces s0
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats
chW 1UE
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 3
4CqLPg8
8.2 Glass Choice sui3(wb
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations #Q}`kFB`
8.4 Other Design Considerations LO0<=4iN(
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ^=@L(;Y
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet rAq2
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet ?bu-6pkx]
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses B B*]" gT
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces Uc]S7F#
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness dBkw.VOW
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9 Split Triplets Ub!MyXd{q
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Xl^=&!S>me
10.1 The Classic Tessar jC7`_;>=
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac %_N-~zZ1E
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens NrPs :`
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets T7_i:HU%
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar VuZd
_Vr>/f
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats v1wMXOR
11.1 Meniscus Components 57*`y'CW
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 9BgR@b
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Lq.aM.&;#
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses %7WGodlXW
11.5 The Split Dagor M:i;;)cq
11.6 The Dogmar udYk
6
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens |9cJO@
]pC/6'
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens X;/~d>@
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version rkOLTi[$
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens YD1
:m3l!
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet #wn`choT'
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet j}~3m$
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element x`/"1]Nf
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ,x#5 .Koz
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay \UZlFE
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13 Telephoto Lenses ~kM# lh7At
13.1 The Basic Telephoto *m$P17/C
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ";\na!MT
13.3 Telephoto Designs t/xWJW2
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch C{7
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NJ\ID=3l
M{:}.H<a
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses uR#aO''
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle NVqJN$z
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens CsfGjqpf
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses GSck^o2{
0 8*bYJu
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses =y)e&bj
Hg<d%7.
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses )xKZ)SxV
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens LDilrG)
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens tB-0wD=PR
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener @,btQ_'X
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses "`;$wA
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems K)!yOa'fH
UbDRzum
17 Microscope Objectives 36ygI0V_
17.1 General Considerations )nncCUW
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front BC|=-^(
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives tS|gQUF17
17.4 Reflecting Objectives O2z{>\
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 1nHQ)od
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems S3Q^K.e?
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors AXbDCDA
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems i|5.DhK}
18.3 Catadioptric Systems J0xV\O
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18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems &z'NQ!uV
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids BCy#
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18.6 Unobscured Systems |"t)#BUtL
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” N$cm;G=]
s.VtmAH
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems M.b1=Y
19.1 Infrared Optics ;h|zNx0
19.2 IR Objective Lenses H?\b
19.3 IR Telescope LU'<EXUbY
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 9
GEMmo3
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems ^t X}5i`P
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses ."HDUo2D7
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20 Zoom Lenses e+`LtEve0
20.1 Zoom Lenses w +pK=R
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras "}"hQ.kAz
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens v2Lx4:dzi
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens H[H+s!)"
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure OAlV7cfD
Xaz`L
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses +OEheG8
21.1 Projection TV Lenses x?5D>M/Y
21.2 Macro Lenses G3Z>,"w;=
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses >"Tivc5
22.1 Monochromatic Systems _SVIY@K|/
22.2 Scanner Lenses Vp"=8p#k
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses 3
VNPdXsh
,q[aV 6kO
23 Tolerance Budgeting 0j@nOj(3
23.1 The Tolerance Budget _f^JXd,7v
23.2 Additive Tolerances f}1B-
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget nYA@t=t0
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24 Formulary ]6)~Sj$ 5
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions )uG7 DR
24.2 The Cardinal Points *?l-:bc]
24.3 Image Equations U"SH
fI:
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) roiUVisq*
24.5 Invariants ]x;*Z&
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) J #ukH`|-
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 1$+-?:i C
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions [.ya&E)x
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs __B`0t
24.10 Stop Shift Equations zc1y)s0G
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces !Eqp,"ts7
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) .zm/GtOV@
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9i^dQV.U=
Glossary ET2^1X#j
Reference LtJl\m.th
Index