"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 7g7[a/Bts
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 7 /6 Zp?
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1 Introduction :pH3M[7
1.1 Lens Design Books '.B5CQ
1.2 Reference Material ieap
1.3 Specifications {j8M78 }3
1.4 Lens Design H`bS::JI-
1.5 Lens Design Program Features
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1.6 About This Book \=qZ),bU@
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2 Automatic Lens Design ]N;\AXZ 7
2.2 The Merit Function `s8o2"12
2.3 Local Minima P jG^L
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2.4 The Landscape Lens Y" U t
2.5 Types of Merit Function V(5*Dn84
2.6 Stagnation -=W Qed}
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing BUs={ "P a
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization <kCOg8<y
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2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems A\w"!tNM|
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits O=5q<7PM.
2.11 Spectral Weighting yZV Y3 <]
2.12 How to Get Started & [z<p
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3 Improving a Design {ePtZ yo0
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques o-
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3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) GIv l|
3.3 Splitting Elements
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3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 0N87G}Xu
3.5 Compounding an Element _)S['[
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ^W kqRs
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem Ge`PVwn
3.8 Balancing Aberrations /.WIED}>
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ?,`g h}>
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces -V&nlP
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design &n'@L9v81
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 0j :u.x
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance < U y $b4h
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations @u @,E dh
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 7?;ZE:
4.5 Fabrication Considerations hTQ8y10a
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5 Lens Design Data `\r <3?
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs J=J! )\m
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots GOsOFs "I
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign bA1O]:`
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF Iw4[D#o
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots A*~BkvPr
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 5\Rg%Ezl
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6 Telescope Objective wBJ|%mc3TA
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet y>X(GF^
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective \UP=pT@
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective yAFt |<
6.4 Spherochromatism q`3HHq
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration +NJIi@
6.6 Induced Aberrations V aoqI
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Zu*7t<W
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) ]XASim:A
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet _^g4/G#13c
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 5@J]#bp0M
6.11 A Final Note Rk-G| 52 g
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers r~G amjS
7.1 Eyepieces q"5\bh1"
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs Z*b$&nM
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces &;bey4_J
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular ?[|A sw1t
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces H.;2o(vD
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces HV 'M31m~q
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier /BN=Kl]
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces Y4+ ]5;B8
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats $DaQM'-
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats _F(Np\%_
8.2 Glass Choice WL|<xNL
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ]T{v~]7:{
8.4 Other Design Considerations xSqr=^
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 9 I:3
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet )%b 5uZ
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet l<qEX O
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses AV4fN@BX
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces VN0KK
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness @}
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9 Split Triplets 9f/l"
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets )W6l/
10.1 The Classic Tessar 0e07pF/!
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac `t\\O
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens | N }*
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 6b%IPb b
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats &'`ki0Xh;
11.1 Meniscus Components g<ov` bF
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon "bB0$>0,
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens )G;H f?M
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 0_AIKJrL
11.5 The Split Dagor Bt#'6::
11.6 The Dogmar VT-%o7%N
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens @LFB}B
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ?D,j !Hy
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version #C'E'g0
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens h: |BQC
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet h4=mGJ pm
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet ;at1|E*
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 9KB}?~Nx4
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ^O =G%de
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay )#GF:.B
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13 Telephoto Lenses <CJy3<$u
13.1 The Basic Telephoto )*R';/zaI
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses E!.&y4
13.3 Telephoto Designs ?Q$a@)x#
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch [ $ uKI,l
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses jse!EtB:
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle = y(*?TZH
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens )#1!%aQ
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses BJ\81 R
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ~{);Ab.9+
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ?Ok&,\F@E
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens T@`Al('
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens f& \ Bs8la
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener @ULWVS#t2
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses y Tn<5T[H
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems xG(iSuz
X h}D_c
17 Microscope Objectives #0Uz1[
17.1 General Considerations y"ss<`Cn
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ?Z4%u8Krvz
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives +V9xK hR;x
17.4 Reflecting Objectives @/ nGc9h
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs Ml;` *;
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems @$t\yBSK
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ]zCD1 *)
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems fBh/$
18.3 Catadioptric Systems @|sBne rE
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ;< ;~;od*/
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids BjsTHS&
18.6 Unobscured Systems ,V o[mB
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” I.(@#v7T
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ~t/i0pKq.
19.1 Infrared Optics <2]D 3,.g.
19.2 IR Objective Lenses C^5 V
19.3 IR Telescope ( ;^>G[
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders .Pte}pM"v
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems Jw&Fox7p
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses r:g_mMvB
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20 Zoom Lenses O9o ]4;
20.1 Zoom Lenses ](8F]J ,
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ggitUQ+t;G
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens f [.'V1
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens -meY[!"X
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ^W9O_5\g4a
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses L;y BZLM
21.1 Projection TV Lenses _Y/*e<bU
21.2 Macro Lenses $$W2{vr7+
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses 'RF`XX
22.1 Monochromatic Systems -:"KFc8A
22.2 Scanner Lenses ,6pGKCUU:y
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses X9SOcg3a
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23 Tolerance Budgeting `4X.UP J
23.1 The Tolerance Budget -*~
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23.2 Additive Tolerances Rg\4#9S JF
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ~e]B[>PT
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24 Formulary 5G gH6
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions GoAh{=s
24.2 The Cardinal Points rIYO (}Fl
24.3 Image Equations aaw[ia_E L
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) vu91"
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24.5 Invariants TXXG0 G
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) s :BW}PM
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships @1gU Rx&2_
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions yzT1Zg_ER
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs frDMFEXXP
24.10 Stop Shift Equations *| W*Mu
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces -$:*!55:j
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) $w <R".4
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Glossary jb,a>9 ]p
Reference p~=z)7% e'
Index
