"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ^F<[5e)M
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition /8baJ+D"4\
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1 Introduction F{cKCqI?
1.1 Lens Design Books a_5 `9B L
1.2 Reference Material JHN35a+
1.3 Specifications 8phcekh+
1.4 Lens Design ``o:N`
1.5 Lens Design Program Features ~y{(&7sM
1.6 About This Book v~:$]a8
kW&{0xkGR
2 Automatic Lens Design c?L_n=B
2.2 The Merit Function O?omL5
2.3 Local Minima G0Wzx)3]
2.4 The Landscape Lens JcxhI]E
2.5 Types of Merit Function K,YKU?z6
2.6 Stagnation iulM8"P
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing /+G&N{)k
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 9viQ<}K<
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems #;'1aT
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits DoA4#+RU
2.11 Spectral Weighting 5H#3PZaQ
2.12 How to Get Started ANh5-8y
=V:rO;qX+@
3 Improving a Design ,R$n I*mf_
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques o>{+vwK
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) )+[IR
3.3 Splitting Elements dX0A(6
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet [#H$@g|CT
3.5 Compounding an Element :0pxacD"!
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses D,+I)-k<
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem c$
Kn.<a
3.8 Balancing Aberrations vyT$IdV2
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle @"T_W(i;BI
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 93:s[bmx
ZWW:-3
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 6/9 A' !4C
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation J?$4Yf
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance zw^jIg$
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations m*h
d%1D
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function z%t>z9hU
4.5 Fabrication Considerations pLL
^R
G8"L#[~
5 Lens Design Data ymybj
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 6l IFxc
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots eFvw9B+
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign .EGZv(rz&
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF &O(z|-&| x
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots :h1itn
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot Y+ P\5G
.Vq-<c%
6 Telescope Objective 0Z#&!xTb
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ;5-Sn(G
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective p_=^E*J]
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective :*TfGV
6.4 Spherochromatism ^r73(8{)
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration )DuOo83n["
6.6 Induced Aberrations t)XNS!6#]?
6.7 Three-Element Objectives NvXds;EC
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) eu~WFI
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet OUn,URI
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design yL&F!+(/Ix
6.11 A Final Note 6Km@A M]
u!mUUFl
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers $zq`hI!1
7.1 Eyepieces {[o=df/
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 71nXROB
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces S/]2Qt#T
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 30g-J(Zg
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces hf>JW[>Xo
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces (4n 8[
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier =dUeQ?>t=
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces LnvC{#TFO
|#$Wh+,*
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats ( du<0J|PT
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats z+&mMP`-
8.2 Glass Choice $d%m%SZxv
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations fb4/LVg'J
8.4 Other Design Considerations 828E^Q"<
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens ;OTD1=
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Z.<OtsQN
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet c&IIqT@Gb0
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses _!H{\kU
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces 3,e^;{w
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness #rqLuqw
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9 Split Triplets QM`A74j0]\
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets BftW<1,U^
10.1 The Classic Tessar `gfh]7T
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac Xa\{WM==;
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens I0sd%'Ht?
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets ] 7_ f'M1F
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar C4&yC81Gm
,ClGa2O
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 4]u53`
11.1 Meniscus Components !]7Z),s
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon o X )r4H?
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens <H`&Zqqk
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 3i=+ [
11.5 The Split Dagor Ly/"da
11.6 The Dogmar ]re1$W#*
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens _dVzvk`_R
E$=!l{Ms
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens w4<1*u@${
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version fB|rW~!v
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens {<o_6 z`$
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ComVY4,
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet eaCv8zdX
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element NGtSC_~d
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar l_5]~N
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay Eb{Zm<TP
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13 Telephoto Lenses F\F_">5
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 9'faH
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses UUc{1"z{
13.3 Telephoto Designs !#`
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch (4o_\&
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses A}?n.MAX>
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle [KMW*pA7
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens vx62u29m
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses HWOs
W0J d2 *]
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses @{3$H^
UUJbF$@;
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses S\b[Bq
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens fmrd 7*MW
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens YAQ]2<H
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener ZpvURp,I
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses cw|3W]
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems / E}L%OvE
d,AEV_
17 Microscope Objectives _[u&}i
17.1 General Considerations u:JD
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front I },.U&r
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ej,j1iB
17.4 Reflecting Objectives kN_
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs gpDH_!K
PKFjM~J
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems cu*8,*FU
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors >? >@&A/
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems EK`}?>'
18.3 Catadioptric Systems E7X6Shng
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems w#mna b@
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 7.mY@
18.6 Unobscured Systems pW$ZcnU
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” BBuI|lr
`u6CuH5
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems dZ}gf}.v
19.1 Infrared Optics 7niZ`doBA
19.2 IR Objective Lenses +9Q,[)e r
19.3 IR Telescope '/M9V{DD88
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders -!i1xR(;h
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems )tYu3*'
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 55Z)*JMv
4A0
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20 Zoom Lenses OBY^J1St
20.1 Zoom Lenses z7TMg^9#
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras mbT4K8<^
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens :Ywb
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens /c2|
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20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ov;1=M~RF
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses R
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses -wr#.8rzTT
21.2 Macro Lenses ;IyA"C(i
IE*eDj
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses M;2@<,rM
22.1 Monochromatic Systems EZs"?A
22.2 Scanner Lenses @7S*
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses k7,
by}C;eN
23 Tolerance Budgeting _EPfeh;
23.1 The Tolerance Budget \jA#RF.W
23.2 Additive Tolerances RfoEHN
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget H!SFSgAu
m&S *S_c
24 Formulary hK]mnA[Y
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions ,bTpD!
24.2 The Cardinal Points _43'W{%
24.3 Image Equations P^'TI[\L9
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 'Fq+\J#%
24.5 Invariants F/%M`?m"ie
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) p"@[2hK
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships Cb}I-GtO
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions m3T=x =
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 3uXRS,C
24.10 Stop Shift Equations w'uB&z4'
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces i,V,0{$
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) E P3Vz8^
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j_3`J8WwF
Glossary bW-sTGjRD
Reference i0}f@pCB?X
Index