"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith sC Fqz[I
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition H}QOoXWkg
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1 Introduction bqxbOQd
1.1 Lens Design Books C{
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1.2 Reference Material GyOo$FW
1.3 Specifications 3!0Eh8ncI
1.4 Lens Design ~)#JwY
1.5 Lens Design Program Features J:,>/')n
1.6 About This Book MeqW/!72$L
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2 Automatic Lens Design HKk;oG
2.2 The Merit Function E3\O?+h#
2.3 Local Minima z&o"K\y\
2.4 The Landscape Lens wY2#xD
2.5 Types of Merit Function dIG(7~
2.6 Stagnation ki#O ^vl
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing m?G}%u
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization iO;q]
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems (yduU
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits UDHk@M
2.11 Spectral Weighting `RUr/|S
2.12 How to Get Started Yz0ruhEMk
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3 Improving a Design &_
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques u2^oXl
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) +d6/*}ht
3.3 Splitting Elements BYN<|=
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet rp.S4;=Q 9
3.5 Compounding an Element ~a8J"Wh
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses lcij}-z:%e
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem K3&v6 #]
3.8 Balancing Aberrations F8?&Ql/hdz
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle J4h7]
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3.10 Aspheric Surfaces .
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design LbtcZ)D!
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation LWc}j`Wd
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 0ANqEQX
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations l}%!&V0
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function
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4.5 Fabrication Considerations ;g: TsYwM
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5 Lens Design Data T{bM/?g
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs e|+U7=CK
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots |x2>F
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign @"-<m|lM
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF oJR0sbikP
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots ',`iQt!Lx
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot Z:09]r1
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6 Telescope Objective "8J$7g@n@
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet :#"gQ^YNp
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective zF.rsNY
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective eHi|_3A&*
6.4 Spherochromatism q/Ba#?sen
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration BQmg$N,F
6.6 Induced Aberrations }]N7CWy
6.7 Three-Element Objectives `&b8wF
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) W *0XV
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet b-ULoV
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design Cp&lS=
6.11 A Final Note WZ'8{XY8
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers _+N*4
7.1 Eyepieces 4\x'$G
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs OqtQLqN
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces ~4'e)g.hG
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular r5Jy( ~
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces /$'tO3
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces E< "aUnI
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier oqB(l[%z2
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces n'v[[bmu
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats {3lsDU4
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ~dC)EG
8.2 Glass Choice iKN~fGRc
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations @bOhnd#W
8.4 Other Design Considerations ]Vo;ZY_\
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens hU3c;6]3
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet fQ=Yf ?b
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet "yXKu)_
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses g2JNa?z
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces <w`
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness MzL^u8
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9 Split Triplets QxH%4 )?
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets X#'DS&{
10.1 The Classic Tessar ' 7+x,TszI
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac gPh;
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens [5e}A&
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets !'w h hi
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar pYa8iQ`6U;
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats t, #7F$t
11.1 Meniscus Components {mrTpw
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon $~!%Px)
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens N9tH0
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses m~'!
11.5 The Split Dagor KV9'ew+M
11.6 The Dogmar #( F/P!qk
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ,Md8A`7x~
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens jzI70+E
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version K'%2 'd
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens f6vhW66:?x
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ?;zu>4f|
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet yG)xsY V
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element [Ul"I-K
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 1)pwR3(^Fz
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay ~U(`XvR\4
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13 Telephoto Lenses k\BJs@-
13.1 The Basic Telephoto g = ~Y\$&
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses \(2w/~
13.3 Telephoto Designs dv-L!C
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch `)%z k W
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses w=:o//~6j
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle WfpQ
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens O42`Z9oK
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses JJ_b{ao<
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ,`PC^`0c}o
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses p[R4!if2
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens N(uH y@
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens mSLA4[4{
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener uonCD8
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ]8q#@%v}
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems *N>n5B2
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17 Microscope Objectives WoM;) Q
17.1 General Considerations X3e&c
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front p 4_j>JPv5
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Ipro6
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives @<kY,ox@~
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs oCfO:7
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems GsIVx!
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors J,4,#2M8
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems =mR~\R(
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems 3LGX ^J<f
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems VyX5MVh
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ]%M&pc3U
18.6 Unobscured Systems JfD-CoQS'
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” e}dGK=`
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 4>^LEp
19.1 Infrared Optics !/nXEjW?
19.2 IR Objective Lenses "<Ozoo1&w
19.3 IR Telescope &~mJ
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19.4 Laser Beam Expanders aVB/CoM9
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems #[f]-c(!
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Z(j"\d!y
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20 Zoom Lenses ^'9.VVyz
20.1 Zoom Lenses EfX\" y
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras U#V&=~-
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens UQZl:DYa
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens +*RaX (&
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure e5RF6roxO
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses j,n\`7dD$
21.1 Projection TV Lenses O22Q
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21.2 Macro Lenses )ifjK6*
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses p{
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22.1 Monochromatic Systems }7non
22.2 Scanner Lenses dx@|M{jz'
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses fj|b;8_}l
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23 Tolerance Budgeting `j1oxJm
23.1 The Tolerance Budget }y%c.
23.2 Additive Tolerances BLN|QaZ
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget }!Y=SP1e
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24 Formulary 1=Z!ZY}}e
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions z$gtGrU
24.2 The Cardinal Points /4*Y#IpZ
24.3 Image Equations Brtsig,4
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) >.M>,m\
24.5 Invariants
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24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) >?Duz+W)
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships IM% ,A5u
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions iYZn`OAx
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs %afN&T
24.10 Stop Shift Equations lD^c_b
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ;FQNO:NP
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) vgE
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Glossary wn^#`s!]U
Reference e)= "Fq!
Index