"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith UBrYN'QRNt
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition R>To
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1 Introduction ,g#=pdX;
1.1 Lens Design Books Z [yQKy
1.2 Reference Material "6lf~%R"
1.3 Specifications q[nX<tO
1.4 Lens Design kz(%8qi8&
1.5 Lens Design Program Features d3+pS\&IX?
1.6 About This Book ~C{d2i
Lf&p2p ?~c
2 Automatic Lens Design uR| Jn)/m(
2.2 The Merit Function -wy$ ?Ha
2.3 Local Minima .%h. b6^
2.4 The Landscape Lens ny| ni\6
2.5 Types of Merit Function X5cl'J(j9
2.6 Stagnation \ Q|1I
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing t]#y } V
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 4iBp!k7
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems G \?fWqx
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits { ,/mQ3
2.11 Spectral Weighting 7@$Hua,GY
2.12 How to Get Started En&ESW N
GN /]^{D
3 Improving a Design ji="vs=y
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques O7I:Y85i#O
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) G,e>dp_cPu
3.3 Splitting Elements <- Q=h?D
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet V{p*N*
3.5 Compounding an Element 4*g`! ~)
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses fmXA;^%
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 5vj;lJKcd`
3.8 Balancing Aberrations D+]#qS1q
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle V]tuc s
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces N0oBtGb
}+h/2D
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design \C5 YV l#
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation Eg -3GkC
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance UJ 1iXV[h"
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations >c*}Do{lG
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function Cb7f-Eag
4.5 Fabrication Considerations zdrCr0Rx,
dq28Y$9~
5 Lens Design Data 4pq@o
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs N W :_)1
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots Mf
Dna>,Y
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign TYGUB%A
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF d&4]?8}=.
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Mdsn"Y V
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot "jH=O(37
$N C1>83
6 Telescope Objective rn #FmM
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet .p NWd
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective O l1[ o
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective CvKXVhf0$J
6.4 Spherochromatism ce{(5IC
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration
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6.6 Induced Aberrations yT%"<m6Y*\
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 8Eyi`~cAiH
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) U:ggZ`.
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet %Sr/'7 K
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design `[p*qs p_
6.11 A Final Note :'9%~q.D4
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers /L\ ]t
7.1 Eyepieces y.AVH`_u
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs !'o5X]s
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 0)`{]&
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular [`nY /g:
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces o4,fwPkB
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces YjN2 ,Xi
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier wYQTG*&h
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces R]O!F)_/'
/. GHR
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Q?-HU,RB O
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats M 9'Qs m
8.2 Glass Choice ~N2){0 j4
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations qq" &Bc>
8.4 Other Design Considerations LW< DhMV
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 86NAa6BW
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet -Zx
hh
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet /` 891( f,
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses kY*3)KCp
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ]#=43
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness Pj9n`LwM
Kk#g(YgNz
9 Split Triplets tgXIj5z
hb RDM'
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets #va|&QBZxM
10.1 The Classic Tessar _Mq0QQ42
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac S`HshYlE q
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 8 #fz L7
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Y [Jt+p ]
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar /cHd&i,>
t)P5bQ+$u9
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats Tap=K|b ]
11.1 Meniscus Components k~f3~- "
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon eQ _dO]Q
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 8}9|hT;
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses v$c*3H.seM
11.5 The Split Dagor d#P3
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11.6 The Dogmar [SGt ~bRJ
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens e=K2]Y Q{
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ?&$??r^i
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version Y2709LWmP
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens F F<xsoZJ
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet VeK^hz
R^Z
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet q] g'rO'
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element v
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12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 3 ]xe7F'`
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay NX7(;02
fDy Fkhc
13 Telephoto Lenses &2IrST{d:V
13.1 The Basic Telephoto P'f0KZL;
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses b<,Z^Z_
13.3 Telephoto Designs 2,,zN-9mt
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch uim4,Zm{
^.bYLF
s`"o-w\$>
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses C"l_78
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle hz#S b~g
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens @y:mj \J9
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 3`sM/BoA
vlYDhjZk#
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses f1GV6/| m
xb J@ z {
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses SN2X{Q|*
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens :M" NB+T
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens Y"qKe,
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener P| }~=2J
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses N)'oX3?x
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ,4dES|)sP
MQ;c'?!5[!
17 Microscope Objectives `L<f15][
17.1 General Considerations L~e\uP
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front xK4b(KJj
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives P(?i>F7s
17.4 Reflecting Objectives 9^l[d<
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ^]mwL)I}
H ': dLR
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems VYw
vT0
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors J
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18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems x`N _tWZ
18.3 Catadioptric Systems =hE5 ?}EP+
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems gM=oH
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 'G1~\CT
18.6 Unobscured Systems .#n1p: }[
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” U9:?d>7
<3\t J
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 5`m RrEA
19.1 Infrared Optics c +Pg[1-
19.2 IR Objective Lenses #PYTFB %
19.3 IR Telescope :@LFNcWE
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders B ;Zsp
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems s_Y1rD*B
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Xh==F:
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20 Zoom Lenses Hb&-pR@e\?
20.1 Zoom Lenses 0gNwC~IA8
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras cVv>"oF;~*
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens E <]l]?
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 51 .! S
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure J;+A G^U<
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses F5Ce :+h
21.1 Projection TV Lenses h>B >t/k?
21.2 Macro Lenses v8!
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses |
>x UgpQi
22.1 Monochromatic Systems :3 2
22.2 Scanner Lenses S!gV\gEbDj
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses e* gCc7zz
e9r#r~Qq|
23 Tolerance Budgeting K~$o2a
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget Zyq h
23.2 Additive Tolerances kM>0>fkjE
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget N*JW d
/$zYSP)YT
24 Formulary b{H&% Jx)
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions k>#,1GbNZy
24.2 The Cardinal Points 'qBg^c
24.3 Image Equations {UT>>
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24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) W 2h^ShG
24.5 Invariants DmAMr=p
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) u->UV:u
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships !?B 9 0(
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions SPA_a\6_
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs GIQ/gM?Pv
24.10 Stop Shift Equations M@@" -dy
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces kK!An!9 C
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) E ugt~j3
*ie#9jA
G`E%uyjG$j
Glossary 3$+|nP:U
Reference ^!H8"CdC3
Index
