"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith Y#aHGZ$i
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition I85bzzZB
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1 Introduction GJIM^
1.1 Lens Design Books 3rQ;}<*M
1.2 Reference Material lpHz*NZ0
1.3 Specifications hp)k[|u;
1.4 Lens Design VA0p1AD
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Ve\=By-a|
1.6 About This Book @8qo(7<~Q
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2 Automatic Lens Design +_E96`P
2.2 The Merit Function [n{c, U
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2.3 Local Minima &fuJ%
2.4 The Landscape Lens li
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2.5 Types of Merit Function
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2.6 Stagnation T)"LuC#C
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing M~k2Y$}R
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization TScI_8c>
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems SF2<
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits ??tNMr5{[
2.11 Spectral Weighting &XE eJ
2.12 How to Get Started _onEXrM
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3 Improving a Design ;^`WX}]C(
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques `zZGL&9m`
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) v)AadtZ0d
3.3 Splitting Elements iAAlld1
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet UAi] hUq
3.5 Compounding an Element WOaj_o
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses (#"iZv,
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem uY~xHV_-
3.8 Balancing Aberrations n-Qpg
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle b=-LQkcZhK
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces A_vf3 *q
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 9/nS?>11
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 9uL="z$\
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance E5y\t_H
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations Ao/KB_4f*Q
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function (GNY::3
4.5 Fabrication Considerations T)QT_ST.9
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5 Lens Design Data zw yK \j
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs %bs~%6)
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots <RMrp@[
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign <&$:$_ah
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF YdI&OzaroE
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots QE8aYPSFf
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ct3^V M&/
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6 Telescope Objective @6roW\'$
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet v^;%Fz_Dr
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective w53+k\.
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective y_=},a
6.4 Spherochromatism @sV6g?{tI
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ?5> Ep:{+/
6.6 Induced Aberrations _qPd)V6yb
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ;U^7]JO;
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) -zq_W+)ks
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Vf'r6Rf
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design ^,$>z*WQ.
6.11 A Final Note <~[A
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers k365.nc
7.1 Eyepieces ^h :%%\2
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs zuR F6?un
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces .mse.$TK.^
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular V ?10O
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces <]u~;e57
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 8mCL3F
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 4;*o}E
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces FK$?8Jp
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats gZFtV
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats /uc*V6Xd
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8.2 Glass Choice *uLlf'qU]
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations } #[MV+D
8.4 Other Design Considerations *
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8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens `g;`yJX<
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet `XwFH#_
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet |kHPk)}I]
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses >taC_f06
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces .,C8ASfh
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 2Mc}>UI?eO
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9 Split Triplets m)A~1+M$)L
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 3w=OvafT:
10.1 The Classic Tessar )"im|9
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac ;NrN#<j(!
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens :
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10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Rw$>()}H8
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar }";\8
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats L{K:XiPn
11.1 Meniscus Components (fc
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11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon $7{|
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens ^^[MDjNy@
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses {wWh;
11.5 The Split Dagor <lHelX=/
11.6 The Dogmar FcnSO0G%
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens Sm;EWz-?
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens %m:T?![XO
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version sK~d{)+T
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens b?#k
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet fL9R{=I%
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 'H0b1t1S%
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element KmoPFlw
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar Fg8i}
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12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 8iTX}$t\{
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13 Telephoto Lenses gkdd#Nrk
13.1 The Basic Telephoto >;S/$
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses a}3sG_(Y
13.3 Telephoto Designs $42C4I*E
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch w(kN0HD
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses U88-K1G
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ,Mf@I5?
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens !br0s(|
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses =F2e*?a3
V#;6<H"
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses h>,yqiY4p
5_U3Fs
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses Cj?X+#J/@d
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens j%R}
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens " &B/v"nj
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener eR.ucTji
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses yZ t}Jnv
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Yr@)W~
>jjuWO3T
17 Microscope Objectives k36%n
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17.1 General Considerations /[YH
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17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front T)Byws
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives tp2CMJc{L
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs {l=!
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems "WOY`su>
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors CLI!( 8ZW
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems o.DT`L8
18.3 Catadioptric Systems vKppXm1
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems &)
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18.5 Confocal Paraboloids
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18.6 Unobscured Systems +D|y))fE
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” iQpKcBx
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ^y"Rdv
19.1 Infrared Optics L_uliBn
19.2 IR Objective Lenses gc@,lNmi
19.3 IR Telescope Ie> )U)/$
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders kBd #=J
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 9 aT#7B
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses ^ +cf
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20 Zoom Lenses 3X,9K23T
20.1 Zoom Lenses RrSo`q-h+
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras S/pTFlptCa
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens +^hFs7je)
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens eX$P k:
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure @~Z:W<X
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses jvn:W{'Q
21.1 Projection TV Lenses }~$zdgMT
21.2 Macro Lenses uN V(r"
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses 2F+K(
22.1 Monochromatic Systems I0oM\~#
22.2 Scanner Lenses FQSepUl
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses #kT3Sx
+avu&2B
23 Tolerance Budgeting /m%Y.:g
23.1 The Tolerance Budget 'l2'%@E>
23.2 Additive Tolerances dC;@ Fn
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ?fcQd6-}
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24 Formulary RajzH2j+>
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions 0 }jB/Z_T
24.2 The Cardinal Points eZs34${fN
24.3 Image Equations gS~QlW V
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) Ak[}s|,)
24.5 Invariants 09pnM|8A
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) SN O'*?
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 5F$ elW
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions GMRw+z4
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs CGvU{n,"
24.10 Stop Shift Equations MHJH@$|]
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces mu0ER 3o
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) UbT 7
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Glossary HkFoyy
Reference PvX>+y5
Index