"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith /D~MHO{
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition jccSjGX@w
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1 Introduction :pw6#yi8`
1.1 Lens Design Books Xaw&41K
1.2 Reference Material I&Z+FL&@f
1.3 Specifications MZWicfUy
1.4 Lens Design S2PPwCU
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Mh@RO|F
1.6 About This Book 2qDyb]9
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2 Automatic Lens Design
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2.2 The Merit Function 79d<,q;uR
2.3 Local Minima m#|h22^H
2.4 The Landscape Lens DP6>fzsl
2.5 Types of Merit Function @3_."-d
2.6 Stagnation *wl&Zzx
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing $,8}3R5}
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization c.{t +OR
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems $*qQ/hi
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits e\95X{_'
2.11 Spectral Weighting ,/Al'
2.12 How to Get Started As+^6
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3 Improving a Design W{X5~w(
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques N?l
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) &pFP=|Pq
3.3 Splitting Elements &'"dYZj{
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ,tl(\4n
3.5 Compounding an Element (Y~gItej
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses jpt-5@5O
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem ~vV+)KI
3.8 Balancing Aberrations zOn%\
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle >o4Ih^VB
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces ,T0q.!d
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design $^5c8wT
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation il~A(`+YO
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance <G /a-Z
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations W0\
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function )~C+nb '6/
4.5 Fabrication Considerations UI_u:a9Q/
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5 Lens Design Data @XN*H- |
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs cL^r^kL("
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots D[Kq`
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign H|s,;1#
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF !~-@p?kW/
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Ry`Y +
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot u iR[V~
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6 Telescope Objective .*{0[
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 1+9}Xnxb
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective i _YJq;(
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective w'&QNm>
6.4 Spherochromatism Fm`c
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration iu'At7
6.6 Induced Aberrations ;hCUy=m.
6.7 Three-Element Objectives u69fYoB'
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) -^WW7 g`
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 66l+cb
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design )|`w;F>
6.11 A Final Note c+.?+g
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers vxl!`$Pi
7.1 Eyepieces `c'R42SA
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs W+ v#m>G
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces `8b4P>';O'
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular p{w:^l(
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces nrJW.F]S8[
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 9e0t
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier #iAw/a0&
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces :0vKt 6>Sp
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats _g%h:G&^
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats r@ v&~pL
8.2 Glass Choice bxvpj
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations *9|*21
8.4 Other Design Considerations +W^$my)<
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens p(pL"
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet /5j]laYK)
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet oWV^o8& GH
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses *s6(1S
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces b&I{?'"% 8
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness \KkAU 6
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9 Split Triplets 3$h yV{
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets d5l].%~
10.1 The Classic Tessar 3AcCa>
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 1MxO((k
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens BB3wG*q
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets V[avV*;3i
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar -(l/.yE{X
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats uM@ve(8\
11.1 Meniscus Components ^u$?& #
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon |\J! x|xy
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens fe+2U|y
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses =O'>H](Q
11.5 The Split Dagor #Y<(7
11.6 The Dogmar q#*b4q
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 1D2Yued
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens TUM7(-,9
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ER)to<k
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens @{o3NR_
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet %617f=(E?!
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 7(]M`bBH
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element #uCE0}N@
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar /..a9x{At>
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay :y3e-lr
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13 Telephoto Lenses #ByrX\
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ~.&2NUr
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses \4"01:u'
13.3 Telephoto Designs 92=huV
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch *;Gn od<
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses o 12wp
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ;}QM#5Xdt
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 2; ~jKR[~
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 2pV@CT
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses q.Vcb!*$
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses uJu#Vr:m
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens hWfC"0
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens
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16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener $p~X"f?0
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses uM74X^U
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems i YBp"+#2
O+*<^*YyD
17 Microscope Objectives b,o@m
17.1 General Considerations 2/.I6IbL
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front Xi"<'E3_
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives KdU&q+C^
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ,'^^OLez
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs oV=~Q#v
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems _~a5;[~
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors PBY^m+
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems tk~<tqMq
18.3 Catadioptric Systems Z!SFJ{
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems Ub| -Q
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 7B8.;0X$W
18.6 Unobscured Systems cH{[\F"Eb
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Mxk0XFA
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems PR;A 0
19.1 Infrared Optics 5.X`[/]<r
19.2 IR Objective Lenses .C?rToCY
19.3 IR Telescope VVVw\|JB>
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ,G%?}TfC)
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems +?R!
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses NkL>ru!b9
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20 Zoom Lenses 3*;S%1C^
20.1 Zoom Lenses >4x~US[VB
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras .Q$/\E
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Q=T/hb
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens *hZ{>
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ^7$V>|
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 'Nn>W5#))
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Kta7xtu
21.2 Macro Lenses #5/.n.X"
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses z4iZE*ZS
22.1 Monochromatic Systems aH+n]J]
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22.2 Scanner Lenses c</u]TD
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ``9`Xq
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23 Tolerance Budgeting {c\KiWN
23.1 The Tolerance Budget ?K/N{GK%{
23.2 Additive Tolerances BkcA_a:W
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 0
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24 Formulary Y KWtsy
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions zv[pfD7a
24.2 The Cardinal Points [G>U>[u|
24.3 Image Equations DC6xet{
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) V-.Nc#
24.5 Invariants b am*&E%0K
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) \CDzVO0^
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships |(6H)S]$
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions QH.zsqf(
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs +(qs{07A$
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ,8/Con|o
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces u~VvGLFf5,
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) g?=|kp
* M,'F^E2
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Glossary JC}oc M
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Reference 6Lhfb\2?
Index