"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition y,s`[=CT
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1 Introduction .W
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1.1 Lens Design Books O_\%8*;
1.2 Reference Material ?/|KM8
1.3 Specifications {ep(_1
1.4 Lens Design cp$GP*{@
1.5 Lens Design Program Features MUn(ZnQy|
1.6 About This Book ~sT1J|
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2 Automatic Lens Design @8*lqV2
2.2 The Merit Function 6|n3e,&A2
2.3 Local Minima LR#BP}\b'
2.4 The Landscape Lens g5:?O,?
2.5 Types of Merit Function Z@,[a
2.6 Stagnation sOVU>tb\'
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing *}) W>
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization <.".,Na(J0
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems C?j:+
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits qWM+!f
2.11 Spectral Weighting f0&%
2.12 How to Get Started F.),|t$\
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3 Improving a Design }Xvm(
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques gCq'#G\Z
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) D$N;Qb
3.3 Splitting Elements =;"=o5g_
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet V]NCFG
3.5 Compounding an Element QQJf;p7
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses d}Q%I
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem YD;G+"n?T
3.8 Balancing Aberrations <*(^QOM
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle jn(%v]
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces >L')0<!&
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design _"*}8{|
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation *:"@
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance +z4E:v
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations Wdi`ZE
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function u}b%-:-
4.5 Fabrication Considerations #a9O3C/MP
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5 Lens Design Data k/(]1QnW
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs t{s*,X\b
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots NSM7n=
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5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 4*&k~0#t
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF .+,U9e:%
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots PMUW<UI
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot P ^ 4 @
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6 Telescope Objective SA7(EJ95
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet M*f]d`B
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective oKb"Ky@s
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective cPv(VjS1;
6.4 Spherochromatism tva=DS
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration A,BYi$
6.6 Induced Aberrations K`2(Q
6.7 Three-Element Objectives . P+Qu
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) ,J8n}7aI
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet =3 Vug2*wd
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design z:4_f:70
6.11 A Final Note G;$;$gM
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers -]+pwZ4g
7.1 Eyepieces z$WLx
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs {`Gd
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces U(#JC(E-#
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 5C&*PJ~WA
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ^H&U_
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 0Ni{UV?
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7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 7[w<v(Rc
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces n}j6gN! O
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 2 rr=FJ
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 1I{8 |
8.2 Glass Choice a eeor
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations !1fZ7a
8.4 Other Design Considerations x-e6[_F
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens Q2D!Agq=D
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet HC/z3b;
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet |/vJ+aKq
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses E^zfI9R
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces naW!b&:
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness y?3.W
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9 Split Triplets 31@Lr[!
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets s<)lC;#e
10.1 The Classic Tessar q+y\pdhdO
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 9&5<ZC-D
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens f+Sb>$
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets }&t>j[
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar UhpJG O
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 4uo`XJuQ
11.1 Meniscus Components u}gavG l
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon M{Z
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11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens _BmObXOp.
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses lU%}_!tp3/
11.5 The Split Dagor pX
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11.6 The Dogmar 6e B;
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens {@^;Nw%J
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 1J4Pnl+hN
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version J6AHc"k.
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens U8w_C\Q
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet <aJQV)]\
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet wOl?(w=|
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element +t+<?M B
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 0(D^NtB7
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay YR9fw
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13 Telephoto Lenses );\c{QF
13.1 The Basic Telephoto !qj[$x-ns
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses B6Vlc{c5SO
13.3 Telephoto Designs M
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch _XV%}Xb'
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses S{rltT-
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 8w&-O~M
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens $'498%K2
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses X#lNS+&='
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ]
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 4^tSg#!V{
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens MC}t8L=
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens i#]e&Bru5
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener '4[=*!hs!
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses l@4_D;b3o"
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Xv8-<Ks
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17 Microscope Objectives _\ToA9 m
17.1 General Considerations 9CY{}g
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front V&M*,#(?
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives Ey&H?OFiP
17.4 Reflecting Objectives /o9T [^\
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ]:<!(
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems Y%s:oHt
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors r9i?H
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ?Z7`TnG$uf
18.3 Catadioptric Systems mL{P4a 1xf
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems "is(
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids @ _Ey"k<
18.6 Unobscured Systems C82_)@96
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Gk,Bx1y
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems H}^ '
19.1 Infrared Optics lkn|>U[
19.2 IR Objective Lenses a1U|eLmUb
19.3 IR Telescope e1m?g&[
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders #z*,CU#S9d
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems _ E;T"SC
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses +$dJA
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20 Zoom Lenses RP4/:sO
20.1 Zoom Lenses LKIMT
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras H U|.5tP
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens ,XD"
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens {3~VLdy
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 8\n3
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses Bt+^H6cb
21.1 Projection TV Lenses rbw$=bX}
21.2 Macro Lenses -+#%]P8l
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses I{Zb/}k-
22.1 Monochromatic Systems <n2@;`D
22.2 Scanner Lenses AjC:E+g
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses p4'
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23 Tolerance Budgeting jEc_!Q
23.1 The Tolerance Budget DXFu9RE\{
23.2 Additive Tolerances 2"Os9 KD
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget DBT4 W/
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24 Formulary 1K72}Gj)ZL
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions bjZJP\6
24.2 The Cardinal Points 7aG.?Ca%
24.3 Image Equations Wv;0PhF
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) a~$XD(w^
24.5 Invariants Pf*6/7S:
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) D tsZP
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24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships (!~cOx
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions &OMlW_FHR
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs {!"UBALxc
24.10 Stop Shift Equations NVyBEAoh
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces )DSeXS[
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24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 615Ya<3f8
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Glossary #8$?#
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Reference ;Rrh$Ag
Index