"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ?*tb|AL(R
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition x%jJvwb^|
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1 Introduction NgaX&m`
1.1 Lens Design Books pkWzaf
1.2 Reference Material `Jq
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1.3 Specifications %J!+f-:=
1.4 Lens Design :lcZ )6&S
1.5 Lens Design Program Features ik=~`3Zp0
1.6 About This Book fq~ <^B
.: B]
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2 Automatic Lens Design L6fc_Mo.EE
2.2 The Merit Function loZ JV M
2.3 Local Minima 35%'HF t_
2.4 The Landscape Lens np}F [v
2.5 Types of Merit Function L
5J=+ k,
2.6 Stagnation @V
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2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing %fGS< W;
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization U+3,(O
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems cE
'`W7&A
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits @kK${
2.11 Spectral Weighting Dt0S"`^=k
2.12 How to Get Started 7?:7}xb-
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3 Improving a Design Vv~rgN h
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques )q&=x2`
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 0zCe|s.S&
3.3 Splitting Elements J@5 4B
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet [ Lt1OdGl
3.5 Compounding an Element *-(J$4RNz
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 7 ^4F,JuJO
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem ?g+0S@{i $
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ( 1T2? mO
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle >:%i,K*AM
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces {}H5%W
()6)|A<^U
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design Ad xCP\S&
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation a wQ f $
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ?dP3tLR
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations )s WdN(E3
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function h7c8K)ntnf
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Nc:, [8{l
4# MvOjA5[
5 Lens Design Data b*S :wfw
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs -h%;L5oJ2,
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots <cW$
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5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign >Ip>x!wi
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF AmNmhcN
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots cobq+Iyu
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot :[ z=u
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6 Telescope Objective Y
O;N9wu3f
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet NWd% Za5K;
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective S /Pffal
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective P*_!^2
6.4 Spherochromatism e;\g[^U
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 1H`T=:P?
6.6 Induced Aberrations rC
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6.7 Three-Element Objectives p8o
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) Wly-z$\
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet XP~bmh,T,
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design KoZ" yD
6.11 A Final Note [,e[~J`C
lp3 A B
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers R
h zf.kp
7.1 Eyepieces 'yxRz5
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs c-.t8X,5(~
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces ES p)%
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 0 Po", \^
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces KSU?Tg&JR
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces -f IX6
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier R L7OFfMe
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces b3N>RPsHS
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats S^'?s fq
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 8gwJ% "-K
8.2 Glass Choice xtMN<4#E
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations h^h,4 H\r
8.4 Other Design Considerations flDe*F^
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens OBaG'lrZy
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 5RCQ<1
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet >U.TkB
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses roT$dL
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8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ;Nf5,D.D
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 0PO'9 #
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9 Split Triplets t<s:ut)Q!
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets &.D3f"
10.1 The Classic Tessar m-9{@kgAM?
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac 8wz% e(
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens -02c I}e
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets b)RU+9x &
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar m`C c U`s
#ky]@v yO
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats \o3)\
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11.1 Meniscus Components 3`[f<XaL
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon yx?Z&9z <
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens !i=LQUi.
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses PhL }V|W>
11.5 The Split Dagor ZD\`~I|gp
11.6 The Dogmar ,5^XjU3c=
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens _ 1jd{? kt
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Y^DS~CrM
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 6U[`CGL66
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens /.{4
KW5
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet h.CbOI%Q
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 9a} rE
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ??eSGQ|
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar Im7<\ b@
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay e a LSq
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13 Telephoto Lenses 6)63Yp(
13.1 The Basic Telephoto h?E[28QB
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses C-!!1-Eq?:
13.3 Telephoto Designs ^UI{U1N~Bz
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch B1dVHz#
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses vf6_oX<Os
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle eX7dyM
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens V|GH4DT=
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses R~OameRR
n,D~ whZ x
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses faQ}J%a
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ^<X+t&!z
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens PI_MSiYQ
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens (T;4'c
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 'z$ BgXh\
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses T"7U e
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems hTgWqp
Qvc "?yx8}
17 Microscope Objectives &)jBr^x#>
17.1 General Considerations Cm@e^l!
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 7<{g+Q~7*
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives *J[3f]PBmR
17.4 Reflecting Objectives l &3f<e
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs #ra"(/)
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 7|4t;F!
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors E"d \N-I
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 8m% +O#
18.3 Catadioptric Systems )~/;Xl#b-
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems i rj{Or^k
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids _dOR- <
18.6 Unobscured Systems g<C_3 ap/
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” O ?`=<W/R
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Zl aU+Y(_[
19.1 Infrared Optics *12,MO>go
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 4n6EkTa
19.3 IR Telescope &5JTcMC^
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 9 0PF) U
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 'a ]4]d
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses %eJolztKZ
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20 Zoom Lenses QwF\s13
20.1 Zoom Lenses I *,!zym
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras j7L uN
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 80qSPitj
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens "},0Cs
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 9A|deETa-
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses K)NB{8 _
21.1 Projection TV Lenses *Uq1 q
21.2 Macro Lenses !~X[ qT
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses xd[GJ;xvs
22.1 Monochromatic Systems y b 7
22.2 Scanner Lenses O >8|Lc
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses |Z\?nZ~
i%~^3 /K
23 Tolerance Budgeting q. zBm@:
23.1 The Tolerance Budget ]IX6>p,
23.2 Additive Tolerances A f *e:}}
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget |% wgux` z
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24 Formulary #&Xr2?E@
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions AH*{Bi[vX
24.2 The Cardinal Points 4k }3^.#
24.3 Image Equations BG k>:Z`
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) /-Saz29f^Q
24.5 Invariants Gk"o/]Sf
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) t(<^of:
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships R$[nYw
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions +TA 'P$j
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs DV={bcQ
24.10 Stop Shift Equations x3 ./
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces m8Wv46%
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) >Yr-aDV
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V L^.7U
Glossary I+qg'mo
Reference YIP / N
Index
