"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith (__$YQ -
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition _r>kR 7A\{
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1 Introduction *Qyu
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1.1 Lens Design Books *7b?. {
1.2 Reference Material @saK:z
1.3 Specifications udmLHc
1.4 Lens Design %+ /Dv
1.5 Lens Design Program Features H4W!Md
1.6 About This Book 6|IJwP^Q_
Sw h\^/B8
2 Automatic Lens Design q;*'V9#
2.2 The Merit Function r6GXmr
2.3 Local Minima 31UxYBY
2.4 The Landscape Lens ?d+ri
2.5 Types of Merit Function !{ fu(E
2.6 Stagnation a~?B/
g &_
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing p=3t!3
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization R+z'6&/ =I
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ;" Aj80
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 2qojU%fiH
2.11 Spectral Weighting @ qi|}($
2.12 How to Get Started O(VWJ@EHn
(<rE1w2s:
3 Improving a Design
q*94vo-
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques /:ZwGyT;
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) wE"lk
3.3 Splitting Elements K1o>>388G
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet .)=*Yr M
3.5 Compounding an Element \GQRpJ#h1
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses p 3Ozf k
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem QU aV;6
4
3.8 Balancing Aberrations EV-sEl8ki
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle D+BiclJ
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces w]nt_xj
q%QvBN
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design <-fvYer
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 'HJ+)[0X*
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance mln4Vl(l2M
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations ZjY, k
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function (EvY rm4
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 5* +DN
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#Hz 9@H
5 Lens Design Data &-{%G=5~e%
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs ,]nRnI^
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots Wp+lI1 t
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign l0;u$
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ?@Q0;L G
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots SP/b 4
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot >F:1a\c
, A $IFE
6 Telescope Objective {&XTa`C
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ! L|l(<C
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective /W`CqJk-*.
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective S>r}3,]S
6.4 Spherochromatism cMF)2^w}
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 1L+hI=\O
6.6 Induced Aberrations :3XvHL0rx
6.7 Three-Element Objectives {[`(o
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 1h(IrV5 g
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet )">#bu$
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design bcjh3WP
6.11 A Final Note "U"fsAc#
<b o^u w
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers tu"-]^
7.1 Eyepieces J %|;
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs GD)paTwO<
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces Er|&4-9
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular }!k?.(hpE
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces EC0B6!C&7
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Y:\] d1C
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier } No # _{
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces -,YI>!
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats lP)n$?u
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 74:( -vS
8.2 Glass Choice uL- kihV:-
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations rir,|y,
8.4 Other Design Considerations 7P}l^WX
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens jtp HDS
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet <9"@<[[,
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet @BjB
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8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses p/Q< VV
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces A^6z.MdYZ
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness -zMvpe-am&
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9 Split Triplets a@&qdp
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets x 9\ {a
10.1 The Classic Tessar 3BGcDyYE
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac K3h];F! ^
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens M E]7e^
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets M,p0wsj;
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar jg'"?KSU~
\ 'u+iB
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats
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11.1 Meniscus Components i
< gt`UCO
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon YfZ5Q}*1O+
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Q .7X3 A8
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ~N;
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11.5 The Split Dagor *y|w9 r p
11.6 The Dogmar F=5vA v1
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens tj0 0xYY
; nbEV2Y<
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 7Dl^5q.|
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version % rnRy<9
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ~H?v L c;>
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet n#WOIweInf
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet .,(x7?
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element SJO*g&duQ
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar dc~vQDNw[X
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay c[X6!_
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13 Telephoto Lenses /8 `9SS
13.1 The Basic Telephoto g0a!auWM
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses n%;t Va
13.3 Telephoto Designs GmJ
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch "30=!k
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses `WC4 :8
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle Ktzn )7-
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens %jq
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14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses ho~WD' i
SI%J+Y7
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses oz:J.<j24Z
rk ,64(
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses >b3IZ^SB#$
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens HlkjyD8
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens %Gu=Dkz
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener c<cYX;O
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses Ue,eEer
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems X,o ]tgg=
GO ][`zZJ]
17 Microscope Objectives jamai8
17.1 General Considerations #&S<{ 75A
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front {O!; cI~
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives $1)NYsSH/H
17.4 Reflecting Objectives uF|[MWcy0#
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs e 1bV&
I |>I V
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ?&1%&?cg9
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors a G@GJ@w
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems l`0JL7
18.3 Catadioptric Systems > 2mY%
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems (lit^v,9
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids EmP2r*"rb
18.6 Unobscured Systems X88I|Z'HIh
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” yFFNzw{
c No)LF
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems cx )x="c
19.1 Infrared Optics hiR+cPSF
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 7#*O|t/'
19.3 IR Telescope ' e
x/IqbK
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Pm2 4;'
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems a,M/i&.e`
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses ]Qx-f*
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20 Zoom Lenses =`gFwH<
20.1 Zoom Lenses &.0 wPyw
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras kwt;pxp i
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens CFY4PuI"!
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens cetlr
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure L #IY6t
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 63i&e/pv
21.1 Projection TV Lenses u`*$EP-%
21.2 Macro Lenses ><6g-+*k
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses O,I7M?dRf
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ju"j?2+F
22.2 Scanner Lenses <lSo7NkR
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses = &U7:u
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23 Tolerance Budgeting _j_c&
23.1 The Tolerance Budget VK4"
23.2 Additive Tolerances ~ BI! l
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget y=}a 55:qE
#xrE^Txh
24 Formulary (W`=`] !
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions D4GXZX8 K
24.2 The Cardinal Points cX Ob=
24.3 Image Equations )#c GeP A
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 'DH_ih Z
24.5 Invariants Dw2 $#d
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) =(5}0}j
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships qSL~A-
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions C1~ Ro9si
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs _P]k6z+
24.10 Stop Shift Equations =Sn!'@%U]
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces v# KE"m
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Aa%ks+1
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Glossary s0'Xih sw6
Reference \6Hu&WHy
Index
