"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ,{u
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 5|j<`()H
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1 Introduction fI}to&qk
1.1 Lens Design Books 36Zf^cFJ
1.2 Reference Material ^e _hLX\SW
1.3 Specifications feDlH[$
1.4 Lens Design (AaoCa[
1.5 Lens Design Program Features N=5a54!/
1.6 About This Book ]?kZni8j_
e "4 ''/
2 Automatic Lens Design qFCOUl
2.2 The Merit Function B$fPgW-
2.3 Local Minima !}#8)?p
2.4 The Landscape Lens *=/ { HvJ
2.5 Types of Merit Function {9&;Q|D z
2.6 Stagnation (z{#Eq4
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing x;P_1J%Q
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization /tx]5`#@7]
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems kX7C3qdmt
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits x:NY\._
2.11 Spectral Weighting r1`x=r
2.12 How to Get Started A5I)^B<(
QC
OM_$ y
3 Improving a Design "Y
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 2>xF){`
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) X;
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3.3 Splitting Elements y1eWpPJa
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet 6
6EV$*dRL
3.5 Compounding an Element )hn6sXo+
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses *e TqVG.
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem D09Sg%w
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ~ ?Qe?hB
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle jjB~G^n
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces OhQgF
UJAv`yjG
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design K( c\wr\6
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation n`B:;2X,
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 17%,7P9pg
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations Pe_W;q.
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function c \J:![x
4.5 Fabrication Considerations #?U}&Bd
sQHv%]s 0
5 Lens Design Data F4-$~v@
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 8?#/o c
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots L2[($l
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign YNyk1cE
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF I#Y22&G1
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots hP%M?MKC
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ?|\ER#z
W dK #ZOR
6 Telescope Objective Tj`,Z5vy
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet .]Y$o^mf
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective B?gOHG*vd>
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective x*\Y)9Vgy
6.4 Spherochromatism k<nZ+! M
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ~|DUt
6.6 Induced Aberrations wtLO!=B
6.7 Three-Element Objectives I3{PZhU.
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) Fh&G;aEq
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet !7O+ogL
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design R6<X%*&%
6.11 A Final Note Z!a=dnwHz
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers aB2FC$z
7.1 Eyepieces jE.N ev/
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs P+
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces V# }!-Xj
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular g]l''7G
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces hlvK5Z
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces +5g_KS
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier @muRxi
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces n:I,PS0H<
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats s0TORl6Z|
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats kUL'1!j7
8.2 Glass Choice /Y:sLGQLD
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 3V+] 9;
8.4 Other Design Considerations [r\Du|R-*
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens kf\PioD8
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet ('4_
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8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet ;0]aq0_#(
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses T8?Ghbn
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces p;`>e>$
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness [t m_Mg
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9 Split Triplets hIYNhZv
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets H*?t^
10.1 The Classic Tessar @(EAq<5{
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac a Yg6H2Un
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens y>8sZuH0
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 9R!atPz9
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar o)M}!MT
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats &@X<zWg
11.1 Meniscus Components Y Vt% 0
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon rK8lBy:<
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Fk&c=V;SU
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses `P@< 3]
11.5 The Split Dagor "@^k)d$
11.6 The Dogmar `z}?"BW|
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens +qN>.y!Y
nUaJzPl
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens xWH.^o,"
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version c8 )DuJ#U
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens zF`0J
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet M5LfRBO
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet %:f&.@'r
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element etQCzYIhn
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar dohA0
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay ,hDWPs2S
dM.f]-g
13 Telephoto Lenses A7{\</Z
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ''cInTCr
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses B&M%I:i
13.3 Telephoto Designs 1 &jc/*Z"
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch +uF>2b6'
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses l ~"^7H?4e
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ?6!JCQJ<
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens *g "Nq+i@
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 7DogM".}~Q
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses EmWn%eMN
a@K%06A;'
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses }^WdJd]P
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens zy?|ODM
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 6xmZXpd!
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener -a}Dp~j
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses PA{PD.4Du
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems [-1^-bb
l+K'beP
17 Microscope Objectives D(op)]8
17.1 General Considerations biD$qg
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front T3.&R#1M8-
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives S&5&];Ag
17.4 Reflecting Objectives HQ_Ok`
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs aH(J,XY
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems
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18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors Vi$~-6n&
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 4}baSV
18.3 Catadioptric Systems m#Jmdb_
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems h|9L5
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids \[i1JG
18.6 Unobscured Systems .[KrlfI
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 5X$ jl;6
PcMD])Z{G
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems &ee~p&S,>
19.1 Infrared Optics np^N8$i:n
19.2 IR Objective Lenses QD&`^(X1p
19.3 IR Telescope ~8Fk(E_
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders )gUR@V>e2
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems :A_@,Q
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses =_*Zn(>t`
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20 Zoom Lenses Y=?3 js?O
20.1 Zoom Lenses cxC6n%!;y
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras k/_ 59@)
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens :uS\3toj
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens oUlY?x1
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 9!\B6=r y4
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses yjX9oxhtL
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ZgcMv,=
21.2 Macro Lenses h
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ifQ*,+@fxR
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses 2 c{34:
22.1 Monochromatic Systems oxA<VWUNT
22.2 Scanner Lenses '3fu
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses BoWg0*5xb
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23 Tolerance Budgeting >uB#&Q
23.1 The Tolerance Budget z'n:@E
23.2 Additive Tolerances w+|L+h3L7
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget %)W2H^
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24 Formulary n5NsmVW \x
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions xGg )Y#
24.2 The Cardinal Points :U%W%
24.3 Image Equations "Ac-tzhE
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) }!r|1$,kL
24.5 Invariants ^"2J]&x`G
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) ?Ep [M:,q
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships Qd$nH8ED Y
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions D=Gtq6jd
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs WX?IYQ+
24.10 Stop Shift Equations *)T^ChD,
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces Vn}0}Jz
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) u|TeE\0
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Glossary <0&*9ZeD
Reference OKR
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Index