"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith i-Rn,}v
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition @2/|rq
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1 Introduction ?}Z t&(#
1.1 Lens Design Books \O;2^
1.2 Reference Material (_zlCHB
1.3 Specifications WN+i 3hC
1.4 Lens Design N
o6!gZ1
1.5 Lens Design Program Features ,< x/
1.6 About This Book <mE`<-$
B6Kl_~gT
2 Automatic Lens Design "vSKj/]
2.2 The Merit Function Y@0'0
2.3 Local Minima ^
*"f C
2.4 The Landscape Lens W~'xJ
2.5 Types of Merit Function C~B ]@xxK)
2.6 Stagnation X`KSj
N&(
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing tO8\} u4c
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization HCs^?s8Pp
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems M_};J;
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits z~pp7
2.11 Spectral Weighting FKTF?4+\U
2.12 How to Get Started Nv7-6C6<
yx5e
3 Improving a Design ::oFL#+
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques Y=P*
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) Ev5~= ]
3.3 Splitting Elements y|}~"^+T
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet &/? Ct!_
3.5 Compounding an Element z6iKIw
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3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 2+gbMd4n
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem HE,L8S
3.8 Balancing Aberrations qh~bX
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3.9 The Symmetrical Principle T+v*@#iJ_
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces iPTQqx-m$7
;>v.(0FE6
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design {R!yw`#^B
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation |6*Bu1
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance T;/GHC`{Y
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations sllT1%?
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function WR)=VE
4.5 Fabrication Considerations '`P%;/z
%+(AKZu:
5 Lens Design Data /l*v *tl
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs eWcqf/4?"
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ep"[;$Eb
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign _J
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5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF 0SIC=p=J
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots a{]=BY oL
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot \)6glAtN
?bB>}:~j)
6 Telescope Objective );gY8UL^
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet Tn}`VW~
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 0>sa{Z
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective !%G]~
6.4 Spherochromatism r)iEtT!p*
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration <k:I2LF_
6.6 Induced Aberrations +
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6.7 Three-Element Objectives ;5 j|B|v
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) $Z@*!B^
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet hC<ROD
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design _uQ]I^ 'D
6.11 A Final Note Hb=#`
#d-({blo<
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers Ay16/7h@hi
7.1 Eyepieces kv:9Fm\$
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs N(&{~*YE
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces n[3z_QI
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular a: "1LnvR
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces }iUK`e
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces /f3/}x!po
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 2LwJ%!
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces E]@&<TFq
p;+O/'/j
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats =}`d
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats v~nKO?{
8.2 Glass Choice ku]5sd >b
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations A[Mke
8.4 Other Design Considerations b>07t!;
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 3B1\-ry1M
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet G^c,i5}w
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet g&$=Y7G
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses *2/Jg'de
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces Z=JKBoAY
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness X1^VdJE
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9 Split Triplets 46:<[0Psl/
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets >. |({;n9
10.1 The Classic Tessar "V|Rq]_+%
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac S<nF>JRJa
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens nrl?<4_
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets .zO^"mXjS
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar /q9I^ ztV
|qNe_)
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 'UhoKb_p
11.1 Meniscus Components
UleT9 [M
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon qOo4T@t3
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens sVFO&|L
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 4Q|>k)H
11.5 The Split Dagor =g#PP@X]D!
11.6 The Dogmar UsE\p9mCuV
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens -"[4E0g0
/@9Q:'P
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens fbq$:Q44
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 7'\.QJ!<
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens =3bk=vy
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet kF|$oBQ
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 2/?Zp=|j\
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ~fXNj-'RW
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar !<w6j-S
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay ,P~e)<.
-nb U5o
13 Telephoto Lenses DGTLlBkT
13.1 The Basic Telephoto mA(kq
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses TNu %_
34
13.3 Telephoto Designs [c?0Q3F
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch IL@yGuO,
L=<xTbY
/$; Z ~^P
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses }i+C)VUX
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle .O-)m'5
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens f.g!~wGD
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses rc=E%Qv%?
]j&m\'-s
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ^%\a,~
aCU[9Xr?
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 7'wpPXdY1
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens khX/xL
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens A;Uc&G
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener &GH[$(
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses +Nn >*sz
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems BValU
^A ]4
17 Microscope Objectives ~A0AB
`7
17.1 General Considerations 2f(`HSC'
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front +wQ5m8E
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives N<JI^%HBgP
17.4 Reflecting Objectives SqAz((
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs I"]E}n d)
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems u$w.'lK
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors whI4@#
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems L91(|gQP
18.3 Catadioptric Systems sX?arI=_U
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems LNL}R[1(
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids /IirTmFK
18.6 Unobscured Systems N<#J!0w
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 5zS%F: 3
&^ERaPynd
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems l&H-<Z.8m
19.1 Infrared Optics 2Wcu.
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 3n2^;b/ ]
19.3 IR Telescope >D=X
Tgqqq
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders RlfI]uCDM
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems !KV!Tkx h
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses +HE,Q6-A
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20 Zoom Lenses puOMtCI
20.1 Zoom Lenses %Vo'\|
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras Qz`evvH
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 1=]#=)+
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 3\2&?VAjR
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ^(Gl$GC$Mu
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 8h
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses .Z7tE?
21.2 Macro Lenses /: !sn-(
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses |f}wOkl
22.1 Monochromatic Systems #8d#Jw
22.2 Scanner Lenses '(lsJY[-x
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses }r04*P(
X'd\b}Bm
23 Tolerance Budgeting @kd$.7Y9
23.1 The Tolerance Budget -/8V2dv3
23.2 Additive Tolerances ,,FhE
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ycN!N
n(A;:)W{
24 Formulary jhT/}"v
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions E2hML
24.2 The Cardinal Points m<Gd 6V5
24.3 Image Equations |QrVGm@2
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) W&A^.% 2l
24.5 Invariants @>`N%wH'
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 8hV4l'Pa72
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships L `2{H%J`
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions d3oRan}z
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs xfUV'=~(
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 25G~rklk
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces N#J8 4i;ry
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) *`s*l+0b
:CM2kh"Iu
Z'AjeZyyE
Glossary m%U=:u7#M
Reference `34+~;;Jh
Index