"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition e Lj1
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1 Introduction AWG;G+
1.1 Lens Design Books O^L#(8b C
1.2 Reference Material J?1U'/Wx2
1.3 Specifications [#3*R_#8R
1.4 Lens Design x Ilo@W6
1.5 Lens Design Program Features *^@{LwY\M
1.6 About This Book wr~Ydmsf
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2 Automatic Lens Design pVa9g)+z}
2.2 The Merit Function ]}z a
2.3 Local Minima /E32^o|,>
2.4 The Landscape Lens $-Yq? :
2.5 Types of Merit Function M#CYDEB
2.6 Stagnation -yJ%G1R
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing dU"ca|u
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization Z6S?xfhr'{
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems S!r,p };
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits |}0 7tUq
2.11 Spectral Weighting 'Y;M%
2.12 How to Get Started u &qFE=5:
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3 Improving a Design ~A-vIlGt!
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques t~0!K;nn
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) !^FR a{b
3.3 Splitting Elements ~ 5@b W J
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet _X e" +
3.5 Compounding an Element .I#ss6 6h
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ,jc')#]9B
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem &&s3>D^Ta
3.8 Balancing Aberrations =K:)%Qh
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ,Qb(uirl]
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces W)z@>4`Bb
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design
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4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation XN Gw@$
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance q,% lG$0v
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations (/;<K $u*h
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function AC}[Q p!
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 5z=.Z\M`8
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5 Lens Design Data EU,f;H
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs vjz 'y[D
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots hVe39BBtO
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign ZT
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5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF bZ-_Q
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 1{K v
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 5==hyIy
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6 Telescope Objective 7
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6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet [yn\O=%5
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective ?K!^[a O}=
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective {Q~HMe`,
6.4 Spherochromatism ,>Yl(=&
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration Y=$PsDh!
6.6 Induced Aberrations #]5A|-O^
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Cw$7d:u
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) (CR]96n
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet h#~\-j 9 >
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 0@LC8Bz+'
6.11 A Final Note X"EZpJ'W
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers aESlb H
7.1 Eyepieces FnWN]9
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs mz m{p(.
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces ,vcd>"PK
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular wmDO^}>ZP
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces TMw6
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7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 8Xx4W^*_
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier c1sVd M}|
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces Msst:}QY
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats q(\kCU y!
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats N!%[.3o\K
8.2 Glass Choice ^R h`XE
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 0Z1 ';A3
8.4 Other Design Considerations & HB!6T/
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens l n QY_~s
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet HB*H%>L{"B
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet MG:eI?G/'
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses &2sfu0K
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces 0) ]?@"j
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness b_ w(F_0
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9 Split Triplets SsCV}[
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Cs'<;|r(
10.1 The Classic Tessar Q" G;L
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac y`\rb<AZ*t
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens .~,=?aq^
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 5p H6] $
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ZVz`g]
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats J d28 /X5&
11.1 Meniscus Components @tlWyUju
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 8EY]<#PN
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens O,Ej m<nt
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses |3G;Rh9w,
11.5 The Split Dagor #z =$ *\u
11.6 The Dogmar |ZG0E
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens j8W<iy
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ?N=`}}Ky-
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version sBa&]9>m
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens .l$U:d
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet }H:wgy`
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Y)2#\ F
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element hv *XuT /
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 3.6Gh|7
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay :!wl/X
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13 Telephoto Lenses 3F32 /_`
13.1 The Basic Telephoto JnLF61
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ajW2HH*9}A
13.3 Telephoto Designs 40G'3HOp
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch +K?sg;
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses Ax*xa6_2
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle <R? S
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens zKT4j1 h
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses J,J6bfR/
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses }Fsr"RER@{
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses 0 \V)DV.i
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens _9'hmej
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens W#2} E X
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener aYM~Ub:x{
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses &Q* 7
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ^6J*:(eM
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17 Microscope Objectives \BX9Wn*)a
17.1 General Considerations Tn9F g7<
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front hkdF
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives #8 ~ygEa}
17.4 Reflecting Objectives 1OV] W
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs *Q#oV}D_
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems P-<1vfThH
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors : ^U>n{
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems @v3)N[|d
18.3 Catadioptric Systems qHT73_R
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems )5n:UD{f[#
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids B&_Z&H=
18.6 Unobscured Systems [$td:N
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18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” u-tD_UIck
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems RAnF=1[v
19.1 Infrared Optics }h1eB~6M
19.2 IR Objective Lenses \98N8p;,I
19.3 IR Telescope n`@dk_%yI
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ' sNiJ >
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems , fqM>Q
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses }"SqB{5e(
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20 Zoom Lenses @WJ\W `P
20.1 Zoom Lenses ^do6?e`?-
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ^b}Wl0Fn
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens -S n'${2
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 8Lgm50bs
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure jVZ<i}h0B
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses u~2]$ /U
21.1 Projection TV Lenses [~X&J#
21.2 Macro Lenses 0w0{@\9
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses bM5o-U#^ C
22.1 Monochromatic Systems U]w"T{;@.)
22.2 Scanner Lenses FvG?%IFM
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ;E[Q/
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23 Tolerance Budgeting %vm_v.Q4)
23.1 The Tolerance Budget ZO %iyc%
23.2 Additive Tolerances : =TIq
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget {
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24 Formulary PB7- `uz
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions B f]Bi~w<
24.2 The Cardinal Points ?FjnG_Uz`D
24.3 Image Equations EpyMc+.Ze'
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) M8<Vd1-5
24.5 Invariants g>;@(:e^/
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) a h_ >:x
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships -W<1BJE
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions M?L$xE_&
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs hV0fkQ.|
24.10 Stop Shift Equations % @+j@i`&
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 1JfZstT
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Mqvo
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Glossary SY[3O
Reference Qni`k)4
Index
