"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 't
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition w Y8@1>ah
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1 Introduction Yo >`h2C4
1.1 Lens Design Books Ct4LkmD
1.2 Reference Material Oo FgQEr@
1.3 Specifications r?fH
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1.4 Lens Design U(U@!G )
1.5 Lens Design Program Features !Tv?%? 2l
1.6 About This Book iV5 }U2Vh
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2 Automatic Lens Design [/
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2.2 The Merit Function {DU"]c/S
2.3 Local Minima 30D: ZmlY
2.4 The Landscape Lens s (Z(e %
2.5 Types of Merit Function 4HM;K_G%{
2.6 Stagnation AT"!{Y "H
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing }7K@e;YUg
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization &|)hCJu
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems >xT^RY S
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 8EOh0gk7
2.11 Spectral Weighting W%TQY R
2.12 How to Get Started Yl $X3wi
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3 Improving a Design Wr NLGkt
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques X4a^m w\"
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) M|d={o9Hp
3.3 Splitting Elements IE2CRBfs
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ]fj- `==
3.5 Compounding an Element KE<k j$
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses WP}ixcq#
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem 1Q]Rd
3.8 Balancing Aberrations +#4]o
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3.9 The Symmetrical Principle C;9t">p rk
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces <j;]!qFR
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design W Zq,()h
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation qpI]R
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance N#4N?BBP"
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations ~/2g)IS
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 1pK6=-3 w3
4.5 Fabrication Considerations mb&lCd ^-
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5 Lens Design Data w! \3ICB
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Wbe0ZnM]
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 9RH"d[%yc}
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign $xT1 1 ^
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF joqWh!kv7U
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots K1OkZ6kl
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot n#4Gv|{XMD
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6 Telescope Objective 6gnbkpYi
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet )n( Q
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective :$?Q D
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 1_uvoFLk
6.4 Spherochromatism L;S}s, 2x
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration #n3ykzoqIX
6.6 Induced Aberrations mk%b9Ko<F
6.7 Three-Element Objectives /4*W DiH
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 8u>gbdU
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet oaK.kO o
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design [[WF0q
6.11 A Final Note yoQ\lk
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers u`_*g^5q"
7.1 Eyepieces }$&x TW_
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs RP!
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces )T1iN(Z
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular T/l1qcf`wT
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces [k $efwJ
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Ja|{ 1&J .
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 0}]SUe^
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces RF?DtNuq
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats wC`;f5- >
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats ^2 S# Uk
8.2 Glass Choice 9pL g+6O
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations vN65T$g7
8.4 Other Design Considerations GS;%zdH~
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens o r 2|O#=
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 7&U&E|
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet 7O)" `
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses HbM0TXo
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces }C j8
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness .TpsJXF
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9 Split Triplets ab.tH$:<
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets 6B" egYv
10.1 The Classic Tessar 63 2bN=>
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac Zb_apjg[4
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ? mv:neh
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets fThgK;Qy'U
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar </[: 9Cl
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats T%IK/"N|+
11.1 Meniscus Components 94/BG0
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon taWqS q!
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens gb" 4B%Hm
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 4w 93}t.z
11.5 The Split Dagor 28I^$> [
11.6 The Dogmar Z>P*@S,6G
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens [XR$F@o
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens /M=3X||
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 56}X/ u
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens rD
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12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ezm&]F`
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 7DD&~ZcD
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element f&KdlpxKv
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar = QO g 6
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay )[Z!*a m
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13 Telephoto Lenses w@-M{ ?R
13.1 The Basic Telephoto g)"gw+ZFc
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses >''U
13.3 Telephoto Designs zM#sOg
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch K.~q+IYP[
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses >u t" OL9J
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle p@
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14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens u=x+ J=AH
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses C[sh,
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses XvTCK>1
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses }H> ^o9
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens [iP#VM-N
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens WK fkKk;G
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 64>krmVIe
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ]=pR
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems X}ma]
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17 Microscope Objectives QS[L~97m2M
17.1 General Considerations w >; L{
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front CusF/>
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 58Xzup_"
17.4 Reflecting Objectives tBbOY}.VD
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems i%m"@7.kk
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors :Qt
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems D\dWt1n
18.3 Catadioptric Systems AlE8Xu9UB
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems {76c%<`WaP
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids !E8X~DJ
18.6 Unobscured Systems '7^M{y/dU
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” soA|wk\A
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ~}EMk 3
19.1 Infrared Optics *a;@*
19.2 IR Objective Lenses JF&$t}
19.3 IR Telescope b V+(b9
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders v{zMO:3
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems JxE53ev
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Q/ uwQ o/
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20 Zoom Lenses TxjYrzC
20.1 Zoom Lenses a7zcIwk
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20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras !U9|x\BqJ2
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens B~]5$-
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens kft #R#m
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure F:@7 0(<w%
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses 0.T4{JS#
21.1 Projection TV Lenses * _a@z1
21.2 Macro Lenses C2LL|jp*
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses ;c~cet4
22.1 Monochromatic Systems u H/w\v_I
22.2 Scanner Lenses {^(ACS9mL
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses EVp,Q"V ]
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23 Tolerance Budgeting N H$r
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget 5^']+5_vb
23.2 Additive Tolerances T c8 un.
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget kB?al#`
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24 Formulary m'P1BLk
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions g? -lk5
24.2 The Cardinal Points \ f A {1
24.3 Image Equations d>;&9;)H
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) S*j6OwZ
24.5 Invariants HGm 3+ ,
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) dJT]/g
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships ono4U.C9
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions =]:> "_jN
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ;"(foY"L
24.10 Stop Shift Equations
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ' cY` w
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) n6s}w w)
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Glossary ,%\o4Rc'o
Reference fS~;>n%R
Index
