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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith oG_ ~q
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition _ z|65H
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1 Introduction gi1^3R[
1.1 Lens Design Books [<@.eH$hU/
1.2 Reference Material <eWf<
1.3 Specifications R\!2l |_
1.4 Lens Design W:pIPDx1=!
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 3`DQo%<
1.6 About This Book uxr #QA
s;ls qQk
2 Automatic Lens Design H& -zZc4\
2.2 The Merit Function },{$*f[
2.3 Local Minima T 4Pgbop
2.4 The Landscape Lens 9sYMSc~Bm
2.5 Types of Merit Function GjvOM y
2.6 Stagnation 0x@6^ %^\
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing *nkoPVpC
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization i9,ge Q7d
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems <Z mg#
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 'a@/vx&J
2.11 Spectral Weighting I 5^!y
2.12 How to Get Started Q+{xZ'o"Z
t -tg-<
3 Improving a Design _@
qjV~%Sy
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques *0Sk d
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 52Z2]T
c ,
3.3 Splitting Elements w;4<h8Wn5
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet n FHUy9q
3.5 Compounding an Element mn"G_I
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses S%Uutj\/W
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem aC8} d
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Kqb# _hm
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle f<d`B]$(
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces {k
TE He
.ypL=~Rp
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design T $ >&[f$6
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation hj* pTuym
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance *&^Pj%DX
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations t%/&c::(6
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function BYL )nCc
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 0d)M\lG
FrGgga$
5 Lens Design Data 4DI8s4fi
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs k8&;lgO '
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots +>6 iYUa
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign P64PPbP
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF XpB_N{ v9w
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Tztu}t]N
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot \kL 3.W_
l *(8i ^
6 Telescope Objective $]/{[@5
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet aFX=C >M
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective t&C1Oo}=3
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective &
p
6.4 Spherochromatism itt3.:y
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ;#W2|'HD
6.6 Induced Aberrations 5IGX5x
6.7 Three-Element Objectives C!<Ou6}!b
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) t6 "%3#s
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet %HhnSi1K
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design l` lk-nb
6.11 A Final Note RB7tmJ c
cKca;SNql1
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers SaO} e
7.1 Eyepieces V(I8=rVH
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ,aZ[R27rpL
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces {L{o]Ii?g
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular {H>gtpVy
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ~d.Y&b
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces {3mRq"e
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier ?=sDM& '
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces S6DKREO
L\J;J%fz.
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats < `=j^LU
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats `KoV_2|
8.2 Glass Choice Ua: sye
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations gh]cXuph
8.4 Other Design Considerations DMr\ TN
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens N )X3XTY
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet R`qFg/S
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet r(TIw%L$
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses Q~
w|#
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces R B
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness Jq-]7N%k/
Naf0)3q>!
9 Split Triplets q"lSZ;
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1v2 7;Q<+Q
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Ty?c C **
10.1 The Classic Tessar E<Y$> uKA
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac _
]ip ajT
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens L~O vY
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets m=:9 +z
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar +{.WQA}z\
Se } c[|8
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats e#8Q L
11.1 Meniscus Components &DX! f
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon <)H9V-5aZ
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens b2Fe<~S{
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses oJz^|dW
11.5 The Split Dagor Q(?#'<.#
11.6 The Dogmar +~$ ]} %
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ;A'mB6 ?%H
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens r q].UCj
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version 83_h J
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Xl#ggub?
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet +'HqgSPyb
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet AQvudx)@"
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element k="i;! G e
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar F^;e z/Gl
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay hMO=#up&
hL{KRRf>
13 Telephoto Lenses N~)_DjQP5
13.1 The Basic Telephoto .Yn_*L+4*
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ^}o 2
13.3 Telephoto Designs f.$af4
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch FvjPdN/L?R
0S!K{xyR
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses z Rr*7G
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ]2KihP8z
x
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens _]H&,</
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses S2&4g/
sUQ@7sTj
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses !_)[/ q"
tT_\ i6My
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses \_f(M|
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ggR.4&<
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ) 3EY;
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener n/:33DAB
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses E ~<JC"]
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems 2E' UZ
m
OQJ6e:BGt
17 Microscope Objectives j A%u 5V
17.1 General Considerations e(t\g^X
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front H* *Xu;/5@
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives + cN8Y}V
17.4 Reflecting Objectives XW] tnrs
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs M .mfw#*
vl:KF7:#m
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems Ad_h K O
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors
_w +Qy.
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems (f "4,b^]
18.3 Catadioptric Systems &Z%?!.4j@
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems h2d (?vOT
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids C LRdm ^B
18.6 Unobscured Systems pW3^X=6
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ISvpQ 3{)s
fE
mr^ R
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems /k3:']G, s
19.1 Infrared Optics g}c~ :p
19.2 IR Objective Lenses
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19.3 IR Telescope <)D$51 &0
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders H/M@t\$Dc
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems
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19.6 Microlithographic Lenses H4+i.*T #
Q^")jPd
20 Zoom Lenses PEZ!n.'S
20.1 Zoom Lenses E7hY8#G
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras Cw&KVw*
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Cp0=k
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens N;`n@9BF
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure IH+|}z4N?>
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses VI *$em O0
21.1 Projection TV Lenses
Z *x'+X
21.2 Macro Lenses 7@W>E;go
o }m3y
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses l.M0` Cn-%
22.1 Monochromatic Systems 3=oDQ&UFt
22.2 Scanner Lenses CU!D hm/U
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses TB31-
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23 Tolerance Budgeting N8df8=.kw
23.1 The Tolerance Budget < =IF cN
23.2 Additive Tolerances 4 #Jg9o
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget r5^eNg k
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24 Formulary ^S; -fYW2
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions 1< ?4\?j
24.2 The Cardinal Points } ^\oCR@
24.3 Image Equations 2&cT~ZX&'
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) , W?VhO
24.5 Invariants j1<Yg,_ .p
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) wC'Szni
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships J<lW<:!3]
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions Kc\fu3Q
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs R xQ *
24.10 Stop Shift Equations {{!-Gr
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces n+R7D.<q!!
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Q/Rqa5LI:
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uXiN~j &Be
Glossary |I=T @1_D
Reference kq-) ^,{ y
Index
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