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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith VXu1Y xY
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition U~{sJwB
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1 Introduction [+4--#&{
1.1 Lens Design Books =h}IyY@o
1.2 Reference Material 8 @4)p.{5I
1.3 Specifications 2sXX0k q~V
1.4 Lens Design :jljM(\
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Klk[ h
1.6 About This Book O8WLulo
Q
,)}t
2 Automatic Lens Design )I9W a*I
2.2 The Merit Function 28PT1 9&
2.3 Local Minima C<\O;-nHH
2.4 The Landscape Lens L\H, cimN
2.5 Types of Merit Function EU-=\Y
2.6 Stagnation 6/eh~ME=
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing >2?O-WXe
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization )]C7+{ImC
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ^H
UNq[sQ
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 9DP6g<>B
2.11 Spectral Weighting ` O|PP3S
2.12 How to Get Started WD,iY_'7u^
Z 2u5 n`K
3 Improving a Design g{?]a'?
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 3xGk@ 3 33
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) N_"mC^Vx
3.3 Splitting Elements 5//.q; z
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet ! FVXNl
3.5 Compounding an Element F82_#|kpS
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses []rg'9B2b
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem F2$ Z4%x#
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Ad:)5R o
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle
tMWsgK.B
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces (lY< \l
hE"a ( i
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design
L5tSS=
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation e$+?l~
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ^s&1,
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 4^mpQ.]lO
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ?`%)3gx|
4.5 Fabrication Considerations >
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0*KU"JcXd
5 Lens Design Data Pe_iA_
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 3G7Qo
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots J m+;A^;
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign kK[m=rTx1$
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ?lYi![.o
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots hw [G
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot x !o>zT\
`|i[*+WC
6 Telescope Objective E|jbbCZy2
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ;nbUbRb
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective 7VdG6`TDR
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective i|5 K4Puu
6.4 Spherochromatism > ^b6\
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration qUY QN2wG
6.6 Induced Aberrations $(ugnnJ*
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ytX XZ`
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) {Y! -] _ 5
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet PKhH0O\_U
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design e!67Na0X(
6.11 A Final Note }. x&}FqXE
[C]u!\(IF
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers &?=UP4[oif
7.1 Eyepieces m%-
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs jMvWS71
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces b=!G3wVw<
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular _T 5ZL
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces }l/ !thzC
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 0#
D4;v
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier tU02t#8
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces R30{/KK
U!L< v!$
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 3rEBG0cf]
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats xA-O?s"CY
8.2 Glass Choice b ojx:g
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations $~<);dYu0
8.4 Other Design Considerations t7#C&B
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens FL+^r6DQ
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet %Bo/vB'
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet [WDtr8L
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses G(-1"7
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces gQJ y"f
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness }kaU0 P
);*A$C9RA
9 Split Triplets ON{&-
R <+K&_
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Ldnw 1xy
10.1 The Classic Tessar /h=:heS4$
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac Z ?H#= |U
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens YP raf$
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets OchIEF "N
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar _
13M
E 4^zW_|xE
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats yp=(w cJ
11.1 Meniscus Components jFBL ElE
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon ssv4#8p3
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens @<5?q: 9.8
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses Farc d!}
11.5 The Split Dagor 0Bx.jx0?
11.6 The Dogmar ad). X:Qs
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens tl |Q w";I
"pb,|U
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens xyK_1n@b
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version $*ujX,} xG
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens SrPZ^NF
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet 4@D 8{?$~Q
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Suixk'-
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element >}` q4U6$
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar v:c_q]z#B
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay H@$\SUc{
DGMvYNKTj
13 Telephoto Lenses O mkl|l9
13.1 The Basic Telephoto Z !Njfq5
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses ^lCys
13.3 Telephoto Designs 6$qn'K$
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch \8%64ZL`
0GW(?7ZC
a $pxt!6
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses L 0?-W%$>
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle :jB8Q$s
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens |tC`rzo
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses l`x;Og>a
` V}e $
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses xy >~ 1 5
s fSM7f
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses x3 5(i
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens bKsl'3~ k
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ^&iUC&8W
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener : E `N0U A
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses <^?64
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems l?:!G7ie
Fw!CssW
17 Microscope Objectives (J( JB}[X,
17.1 General Considerations V
QE *B
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front -=aI!7 *"$
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ]K'iCYY
17.4 Reflecting Objectives KN>U6=W N
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ; ]GSVv:
3-4' x2
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems F%!ZHE7
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors 5#+G7 'k
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems W]p)}#FR
18.3 Catadioptric Systems /P bN!r<1
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems Z)cGe1?q
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids "'
g*_
18.6 Unobscured Systems ydOJ^Yty
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ]YcM45xg
6; g_}Zx
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Rckqr7q
19.1 Infrared Optics F;l*@y Tq
19.2 IR Objective Lenses
]t-_.E )F
19.3 IR Telescope mF\r]ovVm
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders J%c4-'l
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems t(FI Bf3
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses %;+Q0
e9
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20 Zoom Lenses .JIn (
20.1 Zoom Lenses W|_^Oe<
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras , TY&N-
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens DDh$n?2fd
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens .[Ezg(U}ze
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure =H&@9=D*
&Pu}"M$[MH
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses iXpLcHi
21.1 Projection TV Lenses $CXKeWS=Q.
21.2 Macro Lenses -}nTwx:|5u
ydFZ$W_}w
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses N< V,5
22.1 Monochromatic Systems Yhu
6QyRV
22.2 Scanner Lenses $ftcYBZa
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses gZQ,br*
|` gSk v
23 Tolerance Budgeting b= <xzvy
23.1 The Tolerance Budget (orO=gST-/
23.2 Additive Tolerances ~D1.opj3
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget cX'&J_T+
z.itVQs$I
24 Formulary Y Gb&mD
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions /I@nPH<y
24.2 The Cardinal Points /(-X[[V
24.3 Image Equations p:]k H
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) lTOO`g
24.5 Invariants ts r cX
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) sG{hUsPa
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships @ m14x}H
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions V 4Y w"J
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs .0$$H"t
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 4 8
DC
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces J}IHQZS
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) dY>oj<9
^b-o
NbyVBl0=
Glossary f{=0-%dA
Reference p]z
*
Index
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