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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith I8Y
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition a|z@5r%
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1 Introduction Z9eP(ip
1.1 Lens Design Books -t: U4r(
1.2 Reference Material F
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1.3 Specifications Z>pZ|
1.4 Lens Design gBOF#"-
1.5 Lens Design Program Features e-#V s{?|r
1.6 About This Book d>V#?1$h
R{pF IyR
2 Automatic Lens Design vRH2[{ KQ9
2.2 The Merit Function lIPz "
2.3 Local Minima 7&u$^c S(
2.4 The Landscape Lens ] !n3j=*
2.5 Types of Merit Function hii#kB2
2.6 Stagnation #7@p
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing '$ [%x
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ^I) +u>fJ
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ^bq,+1;@Q
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits $W%-Mm
2.11 Spectral Weighting <h~=d("j
2.12 How to Get Started eJeL{`NS
d.HcO^
3 Improving a Design !t} yoN
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ]CPF7Hf
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) mF4y0r 0
3.3 Splitting Elements O{ 0it6
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet h/6^>setz
3.5 Compounding an Element : (@P
*"j
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses |a %Wd
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem [LO=k|&R
3.8 Balancing Aberrations M6GiohI_"P
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle -hc8IS
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces J 5xMA-
2$v8{Y&
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design &x;n^W;#
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation ? a)Fm8Y
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance )j\_ *SoH
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations J4@-?xj=\q
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 1}Y3|QxF
4.5 Fabrication Considerations p$uPj*
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5 Lens Design Data D c;k)z=
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs +bT[lJ2O>G
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots g@T}h [
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign (4Nj3 x
o
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ,HI% ym
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots *+nw%gZG
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot H \'1.8g/
[P6m8%Y|s
6 Telescope Objective w*&vH/ D
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet `WnsM; 1Y"
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective xaVn.&Wl
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective n$v4$_qS
6.4 Spherochromatism C!c h
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6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration pb)kN%
6.6 Induced Aberrations '.M4yif \g
6.7 Three-Element Objectives /V63yzoY
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) w` =O
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6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Sc/$ 2gSG
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design p aLPC&G
6.11 A Final Note 2dcvB]T !
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ]:b52Z
7.1 Eyepieces Cs
y,3XG
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ,II3b( l
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces maN2(1hz
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular *8p o0s
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces [`s0 L #
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces l1KgPRmEP
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 'nBP%
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces _> rM[\|X
w 52p y7
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats '&dT
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats &0tW{-Hv"
8.2 Glass Choice H%gAgXHn
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations K&Bbjb_|
8.4 Other Design Considerations Y;%LwDC
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens (CY D]n
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet CtV|oeJ
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet r-TrA$k
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses Ff(};$/& W
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces T&+3Xi:
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness ! |UX4
q6w)zTpJGJ
9 Split Triplets s\pukpf@
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets "lLh#W 1 d
10.1 The Classic Tessar nc\`y,>l8
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac I`H&b&
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens (RV#piM
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets s1 [&WDedM
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar af %w|M
_ +NjfF|
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats r)>3YM5
11.1 Meniscus Components 5RFro^S 9E
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon , ?U)mYhI
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens @j_o CDS
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses XsQ81j.
11.5 The Split Dagor t!*[nfR
11.6 The Dogmar ?d^6ynzn
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 6p*X8j3p W
_:=\h5}8
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ,]7ouH$H}
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ZY]$MZf5yo
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens G<D8a2q
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet D
5n \h5
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 1W{ oj
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element |-b \N6
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12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar boGdZ2$h4
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay GdI,&| /
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13 Telephoto Lenses sTl^j gV7j
13.1 The Basic Telephoto I`X!M!dB)
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses gr zmW4Cw
13.3 Telephoto Designs bs?\
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch rz IWQFv
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses gv >DOez/
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ;mQ |+|F6X
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens i0K 2#}=^
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses T p?IK_
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses VsL,t\67
jI 7 x<=
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses W+1nf:AI.
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens //BJaWq
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens l`zh Kj
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 3 0[Xkz
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 7 *+CX
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems QUn!& 55
!DFTg 4xb
17 Microscope Objectives slPr^ )
17.1 General Considerations npltsK):
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front R9R~$@~G
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives iKE&yO3
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ) / @KdEA:
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs X^N6s"2
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems "h_f- vP
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors v)_c*+6u
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 9e
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems O=7S=Rm4&
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems \ YF@r7
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids dY&v(~&;]
18.6 Unobscured Systems ,.p
36ZLP
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” [-VH%OM
hGY-d}npAJ
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems xaVX@ 3r.3
19.1 Infrared Optics g $Y]{VM.J
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ]NTQF/
19.3 IR Telescope "zJ xWXI
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 8%m\J:e R
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems 8iaMr278W
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 1?H;
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20 Zoom Lenses *W\ 3cS
20.1 Zoom Lenses i
/[{xRXiR
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras PWl;pBo
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens =t-Ud^3
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens BedL `[ ,
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 2WH(c$6PWf
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses *uRDB9#9,
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Al *=%nY
21.2 Macro Lenses J' P:SC1
eR5q3E/;G
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses wsB-(
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22.1 Monochromatic Systems HN NeH;L
22.2 Scanner Lenses m}? jU
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses drjNK!XL@
a. D cmy{
23 Tolerance Budgeting ?GNR ab
23.1 The Tolerance Budget @JhkUGG]p
23.2 Additive Tolerances YX,;z/Jw2
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget Z7 2%Bv
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24 Formulary V=+|]`
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions xI ?'Nh
24.2 The Cardinal Points c{1)- &W
24.3 Image Equations h\@X!Z,
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) jbS@6 * _
24.5 Invariants npkT>dB+
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) !O!: =wq
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships s-Gd{=%/q
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions Cj~e` VRhk
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 2( GY k
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 1VFC K&
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces +sn0bi/rG
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) n%36a(]
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1N $OXLu
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Glossary ],!}&#|
Reference a] c03$f K
Index
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