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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith jv1p'qs4
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition v p d!|/
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1 Introduction LUz` P 6
1.1 Lens Design Books 9c1q:> |
1.2 Reference Material Bxj4rC[
1.3 Specifications L ]BTX]
1.4 Lens Design
!y!s/i&P%
1.5 Lens Design Program Features /^&$ma\
1.6 About This Book ^<v.=7cL0
"/UPq6
2 Automatic Lens Design BCd0X. m(
2.2 The Merit Function ?o/p}6
2.3 Local Minima 9+5F(pd(
2.4 The Landscape Lens [`KQ \4u
2.5 Types of Merit Function 7Bf4ojKt
2.6 Stagnation 6G-XZko~a
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing U^-J _ yq
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization *S4&V<W>
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems +l7Bu} _?
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits g K dNg U
2.11 Spectral Weighting HDu|KW$o1
2.12 How to Get Started 0{?%"t\/f
y %Y P
3 Improving a Design b~8&P_
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques YsO`1D
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) PM {L}tEQ
3.3 Splitting Elements K:pG<oV|}
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet MU N: }S
3.5 Compounding an Element )oS~ish
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses _,- \;
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem y G>sBc
3.8 Balancing Aberrations j{zVVT
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle Vr&v:8:wb
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces I& x69
^1--7#H
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design x_H" <-By
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation BTE&7/i 21
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance FOcDBCr Oe
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations !A_KCM:Ym
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function i l%9j
4.5 Fabrication Considerations EkN >5).
V<REcII.
5 Lens Design Data ^$lsmF]^
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs QkO4Td<
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots OQT i$2
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 2L 1Azx
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF <R#:K7> O
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots
"M]`>eixL
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot MpJx>0j/J
U(:t$SBKy
6 Telescope Objective Aq/wa6^ %
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet
'F N3r
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective uYc&Q $U
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective \<y#$:4r<8
6.4 Spherochromatism %,) Xi
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration .fY$$aD$4
6.6 Induced Aberrations j7HOh|q
6.7 Three-Element Objectives +T7FG_
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 0 61 f
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet m$q*
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design .MRLA G
6.11 A Final Note "S&1J8D|
P`M1sON~
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers [dXRord
7.1 Eyepieces 'zTa]y]a
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs f<3r;F7
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces N{zou?+
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular
N/AP8
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces /M_kJe,%
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces C6b(\#g(
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier >Q^*h}IdW
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces HM\gOz
)i>T\B
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats =TXc - J
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats T}A{Xu*:+H
8.2 Glass Choice ) $I"LyK)
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations eYRm:KC
8.4 Other Design Considerations ^kj%Ekt7
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens 885
,3AdA
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet a^&3?3
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet N&lKo}hk
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses p&;,$KDA
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces '
9
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness q0
8
GD .>u
9 Split Triplets fBt7#Tc=U
O Az -w
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets Eh f{Kl
10.1 The Classic Tessar aMjCqu05
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac
6@ )bZ|
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens N
DV_/ BI
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets t \C[mw
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar #/`V.jXt>
9Uh nr]J.
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats `{I-E5 x
11.1 Meniscus Components l,3[hx
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon RpY#_\^hI
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Yt;.Z$i ,
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses !b +Kasss9
11.5 The Split Dagor yf6&'Y{
11.6 The Dogmar YEqWTB|w
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens ~UJ_ Rr54
[HENk34
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens /=q n1
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version `_v|O{DC{
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens BK]q^.7+ :
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet =>6'{32W_
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet XX(;,[(_
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ,*Yu~ 4
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar _sCpyu
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay Z5o6RTi
",T-'>h$2R
13 Telephoto Lenses D?Q{ &6p
13.1 The Basic Telephoto g< {jgF
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses f/qG:yTV`
13.3 Telephoto Designs X;0DQnAI8j
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch AHhck?M^
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses wy$9QN
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle mko<J0|4
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens cf0D q ~G
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses 8+ 1t ys
>2~q{e
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 3l 0>
I%whM~M1+
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses RW|3d<Fj
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 3B |o
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens BUcze\ +
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener K/jC>4/c/
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses yg gQ4y6
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems dg 4 QA_"
rr# &0`]
17 Microscope Objectives ALiXT8q
17.1 General Considerations ?j8F5(HF?
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front |}\et
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17.3 Flat-Field Objectives n -{G19?
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ,r{\aW@
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ND7
gxt-B
FHI` /
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems @%K@oD L
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors `2? 9eXC
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems nj~1y ')
18.3 Catadioptric Systems gYx|Na,+
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems BXVmt!S5F
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids )sVz;rF<
18.6 Unobscured Systems nJ4i[j8
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” wg *2mo
0Q=4{*:?
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems l =ZhHON
19.1 Infrared Optics 0 *q&)
19.2 IR Objective Lenses Z| Z447_
19.3 IR Telescope >v`lsCGb
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders b&Qj`j4]ZM
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems s3W )hU)
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses Qj?FUxw
DGTSk9iK(
20 Zoom Lenses k#% BxT
20.1 Zoom Lenses E[>4 b7{g:
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras Zycu3%JI
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens {SW}S_
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens i!< ,8 e=
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure S\
~W pf
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses "8aw=3A
21.1 Projection TV Lenses $cFanra
21.2 Macro Lenses 2;NIUMAMM
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses AS[cz!
>
22.1 Monochromatic Systems a 1Qg&s<
22.2 Scanner Lenses ;-47d ^
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses }|
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23 Tolerance Budgeting
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget Q_xE:#!;
23.2 Additive Tolerances O2?ye 4uq
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 7$+n"Cfm
1K&z64Q5J
24 Formulary q-3%.<LL
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions _K>cB<+d
24.2 The Cardinal Points Iu^# +n
24.3 Image Equations W~
XJ ']e
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) Sb+pB58&N
24.5 Invariants ~oh=QakW
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) Slcf=
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships WaQCq0Enj
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions Zi[ @xG8dm
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs {=j!2v#8~
24.10 Stop Shift Equations {e
A4y~k
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces Ps(3X@
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) s (J,TS#I]
I2(5]85&]s
>Q z#;HI
Glossary CeoK@y=o
Reference 6+A<_r`#Q
Index
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