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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith vXA+o)*#/
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition =CBY _
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1 Introduction `Vph=`0
1.1 Lens Design Books ;iA6[uz
1.2 Reference Material 3|++2Z{},
1.3 Specifications >|j8j:S[
1.4 Lens Design PB[ Y^q
1.5 Lens Design Program Features iO$Z?Dyg9
1.6 About This Book |q+3X)Y
h"#[{ $(
2 Automatic Lens Design {X r|L
2.2 The Merit Function fHFy5j0H
2.3 Local Minima 2TQyQ%
2.4 The Landscape Lens =74yhPAW
2.5 Types of Merit Function 6KH&-ffd
2.6 Stagnation ;@5N
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing n1Ic[ cM}
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization \eH`{Z'.x5
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems %Z.!T
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits L0^rw|Z%'
2.11 Spectral Weighting %imI.6
2.12 How to Get Started Fu%D 2%V$/
)t?_3'W
3 Improving a Design 4Su|aWL-
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques x Z=6
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) rjaG{ i
3.3 Splitting Elements itU
P%
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet RyuI2jEy
3.5 Compounding an Element r
&.gOC
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses [ D$% LR X
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem (Ts#^qC
3.8 Balancing Aberrations Jxo#s V-
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle oS0rP'V^
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 506AvD
a_V.mu6h6p
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design XYrZ I/R
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation |g`:K0BI
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance + $CO
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations [TaYNc!\
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 5Sh.4A\
4.5 Fabrication Considerations U L3++bt
7g% .:H =
5 Lens Design Data (@(rz/ H
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 'Dx_ n7&=
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ZHN}:W/p
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign e$Npo <u
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF b0:5i<"w6
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 0}4FwcCr\
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot zNh$d;(O$^
H_&z- g`
6 Telescope Objective BpR#3CfW
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 1)N~0)dO
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective * .P3fVlZ
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective \ L5h&
6.4 Spherochromatism G5Z_[Q ~z
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration %YLyh?J
6.6 Induced Aberrations 0s2@z5bf X
6.7 Three-Element Objectives #U ?=D/
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) d@Q C[$qXj
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet cERmCe|/CG
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design z $]HZ#aRE
6.11 A Final Note }'c@E0"
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers \0bZ1"
7.1 Eyepieces iosL&*'8
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs .NX>d@
Kc
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces OE8H |?%
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular N1l&$#Fr!s
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces /OsTZ"*.2/
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces I]jK]]@
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier < 1X Ja2
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces y0b FzR 9
U66}nN9
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Ynx.$$`$=
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats MU#$tXmnC
8.2 Glass Choice _
ATIV
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations R )u ${
8.4 Other Design Considerations Q%Y r m
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens !1{kG%B=
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Q V JvuiUh
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet Ng;F hv+
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 1v"r8=Wt
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces =2tl149m/z
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness jb
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9 Split Triplets W :X N!
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets N^U<;O?YDW
10.1 The Classic Tessar I]B[H6
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac KRN{Ath.
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens |vf /M|
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets BdYl
sYp
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar v>]^wH>/"
e F%I X
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats 5^GFN*poig
11.1 Meniscus Components B9Z=`c.T
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon uom~, k$|
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens ,`nl";Zc
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses .|Bmg6g*
11.5 The Split Dagor \& )k{P>=
11.6 The Dogmar /c9%| <O%
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens "RG #e +
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens R$xk cg2(
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version .jps6{
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ~hxo_&
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet i<]Y0 _?s
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet |Je+y;P7
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 7IV:X
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12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar d;c<" +
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay my(yN|
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13 Telephoto Lenses 4 fxD$%9
13.1 The Basic Telephoto JHCV7$RS
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses I-`qo7dQ_S
13.3 Telephoto Designs -a( \(^NW
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch &ivPY
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses GP/G v
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 9X2 l H~C
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens c6NCy s
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses {<_9Q AS
#:?MtVC
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses H%\\-Z$#
\jcEEIEi
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses =*u:@T=d5
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ->S6S_H/+&
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens d{LQr}_o$$
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener <(%cb.^c=N
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses W%k0_Y/5
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems m#oZu {
9ywPWT[^
17 Microscope Objectives c*"TmD Y
17.1 General Considerations `xO&!DN
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front -}?ud3f<
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 2\,vq
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives G2x5% `
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs H@8g 9 ;+
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems @e /40l|X
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ; 7]Q'N
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems R {"7q:-
18.3 Catadioptric Systems $]05?JY#
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 5_mb+A n,
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids q&- A}]
18.6 Unobscured Systems z Dk^ ^'
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Ye 8&cZ*.
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ]o(&J7Z6-
19.1 Infrared Optics z
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19.2 IR Objective Lenses 5[Ry c[
19.3 IR Telescope srN >pO8u~
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders k_=~ObA$g
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems fDdTs@)6
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses tN5b rf
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20 Zoom Lenses ='7n
20.1 Zoom Lenses U?6YY` A8
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 1{ -W?n
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens A;sd rA
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens at/v.U |F
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure %rQ5 <U
1 D fB9n
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses fWR]L47n
21.1 Projection TV Lenses m4@y58n=
21.2 Macro Lenses dJ# .
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses ><X!~by
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ,uD>.->
22.2 Scanner Lenses #zcp!WE.OI
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses bl>MD8bzLE
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23 Tolerance Budgeting xw5E!]~D
23.1 The Tolerance Budget
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23.2 Additive Tolerances [UI4YZu}
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget [)`9euR%
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24 Formulary qVFz-! 6b
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions Q^v8 n1
24.2 The Cardinal Points XbJ=lH
24.3 Image Equations rb nu:+!
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) <?P UF,
24.5 Invariants N1Y*IkW"
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) G{ rUqo
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships %Hu Qc^
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ??rx\*,C</
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs :y'D] ,_
24.10 Stop Shift Equations x# e(&OjN7
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 0+O)~>v
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) VG'o y
V9 "Kro
'?Q [.{<
Glossary -9{}rE
Reference dCcV$BX,K
Index
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