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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith %bS1$
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition m- bu{
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1 Introduction 5zOC zm
1.1 Lens Design Books w xJoWbn
1.2 Reference Material m 48Ab`
1.3 Specifications YJ|U| [
1.4 Lens Design 5Q\ hd*+g
1.5 Lens Design Program Features "U/yq
1.6 About This Book |
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qu&p)*M5
2 Automatic Lens Design a7!{`fR5
2.2 The Merit Function i*r ag0Mw
2.3 Local Minima \-SC-c
2.4 The Landscape Lens ZW4$Ks2]Y
2.5 Types of Merit Function 6F5g2hBz
2.6 Stagnation nk;^sq4M :
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing l#~pK6@W
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 9N<=,!;5~s
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems "'C5B>qO
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 51tZ:-1 !
2.11 Spectral Weighting NFF!g]QN
2.12 How to Get Started s
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!f]kTs]j~
3 Improving a Design ` Tei
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques B#?rW*yEe
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) t)= dKC
3.3 Splitting Elements M2\c0^R
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet F]fXS-@ c
3.5 Compounding an Element P| hw LM
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses G1\F7A
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem PE g]z
3.8 Balancing Aberrations 1 e]D=2y
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle :5BCW68le
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces 56MY@
Zl{9G?abCT
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ) 7X$um
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation c 3 )jsf
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 4oL .Bt
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations
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4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function :K 5 ?&kT
4.5 Fabrication Considerations +prUau*
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5 Lens Design Data ^!x! F
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 3y,2RernK
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots pmOUl 8y4
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign mH V{9J
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF f'w`<
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots & H
P g>
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot V]GF53D
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6 Telescope Objective <EQaYZY=
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ~$C}?y^ a
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective `HO]
kJpX
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective F q_>}k@fI
6.4 Spherochromatism ;9~
WB X"
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration )EQz9
6.6 Induced Aberrations g"k4Z
6.7 Three-Element Objectives lHDZfwJ&C1
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) \.}ZvM$
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet u! &T}i:
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design U{/fY/kq
6.11 A Final Note Xs# _AX
3%Eu$|B
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers @56*r@4:q
7.1 Eyepieces \I-e{'h
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs F" M
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces D9NQ3[R 9
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular \#WWJh"W
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces wGw~ F:z
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces Dy>6L79G
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 5!cp^[rGL
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces >3pT).wH|M
M@P% k`6C
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats :WX
OD
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats S3i p?9
8.2 Glass Choice !h|,wq]k
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations ^)I}#
8.4 Other Design Considerations UCK;?]
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens -*Rf [|Z
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 2K{'F1"RM
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet _ E-\a S{
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses TnKv)%VF
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces LMx/0
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness bJ 2>@|3*
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9 Split Triplets *S" RU~1_
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets CLk,]kA'r
10.1 The Classic Tessar ~[dL:=?c
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac KvEv0L<ky
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ~CbiKez
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets xr]bH.>
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar Y]KHC Y
D)?%kN eA
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats !=PH5jT Y
11.1 Meniscus Components rks"y&&Nc
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon z-b78A/8
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 4H%#Sn#L^!
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 8<mloM-4
11.5 The Split Dagor @'):rFr@F
11.6 The Dogmar IN<nZ?D#
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens pe0ax- Zv
0kj5r*qA
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens sS; )d
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version Sn4x v2/
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens x {Utf$|
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet i!*<LIq
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet y0(.6HI
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element X-fWdoN @-
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar /<n7 iIK)
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay (lS[a
[j5 +PV
13 Telephoto Lenses }4!}vkV x
13.1 The Basic Telephoto K>e-IxA);0
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Md@x2Ja
13.3 Telephoto Designs }BU% <5CQ
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 9
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses
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14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle cZ| NGkZ
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens *EvW: <
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses "qF/7`e[
du$M
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses )W
p7e51
f_ n
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses &'&)E((
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens xWXLk )A
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens &
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16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener e+-#/i*
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 8.. | -<w
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems AVw oOv J
.O'~ s/h
17 Microscope Objectives }Vob)r{R@
17.1 General Considerations f~ \H|E8(
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front LEP TL#WT1
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives F"k`PF*b
17.4 Reflecting Objectives 9v`sSTlSd
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs YcX"Z~O6j=
lSaX!${R'T
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems O2ktqAWx@
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors =TNFA t
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ]
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems Q"u2 <
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems yOQae m^O
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ru2M"]T
18.6 Unobscured Systems -O ?Hf Q
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” e,p*R?Y{[
5o 5DG
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Miw=2F
19.1 Infrared Optics NYP3u_
QX
19.2 IR Objective Lenses h M7 SGEV
19.3 IR Telescope 4hxP`! <
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders BWxJ1ENM
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems ![ce }
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses j>;1jzr2}
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20 Zoom Lenses X)hpbHa
20.1 Zoom Lenses |3E|VGm ~
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras \
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20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 7L&,Na
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens +C7E]0!r
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ysG1 {NOl
kI!@J6
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses YYFS
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses _F[a2PE2+
21.2 Macro Lenses ww7nQ}H5(
K JOb1MM
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses lJ= EP.T
22.1 Monochromatic Systems :3R3 >o6m
22.2 Scanner Lenses cq ?,v?m
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses Z7pX%nj_
C}<e3BXc
23 Tolerance Budgeting dl8f]y#Q
23.1 The Tolerance Budget ?'a>?al%>
23.2 Additive Tolerances ]!^wB 3j
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget qS! Lt3+
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24 Formulary Mx6
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24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions klAlS%
24.2 The Cardinal Points qonStIP
24.3 Image Equations o:ow"cOEf
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) FIfLDT+ Wh
24.5 Invariants D :j5/ *
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) >gL&a#<S
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships /~ WBqcl
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions P PV T2;9
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs PR!0=E*}
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ^
op0"
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces Q%q;= a
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) )K]p^lO
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Glossary V*O[8s%5v
Reference #W/Ch"Kv
Index
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