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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith n YWS'i@
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition (@[c;+x
^* `hJ48u
1 Introduction 7ZqC1
1.1 Lens Design Books CB:G4VqOT
1.2 Reference Material ZXlW_CGO
1.3 Specifications E:!?A@Fy
1.4 Lens Design )w=ehjV^m
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 9/'zk
1.6 About This Book F=bX\T7
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2 Automatic Lens Design :VGvL"Kro
2.2 The Merit Function cA
m>f[
2.3 Local Minima 7&-B6Y 4
2.4 The Landscape Lens Q!9AxM2K
2.5 Types of Merit Function {d|e @`" T
2.6 Stagnation krnxM 7y
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 2Sz?r d,0f
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization iK%%
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems H$^IT#
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits * `1W})
2.11 Spectral Weighting m:_'r"o
2.12 How to Get Started ]rY:C "#
/?C}PM
3 Improving a Design {$ 5?[KD
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques [+j }:u
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) B ~xT:r
3.3 Splitting Elements dTcrJ|/Y
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet .ww~'5b0
3.5 Compounding an Element HtFc+%=
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses X+dLk(jI`u
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem vVBu/)
3.8 Balancing Aberrations V 'alzw7#
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle J B[n]|
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces #k?uY g8
\2]M &n GT
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ^V,?n@c!
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation p^J=* jm)x
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 2nz^%pLT
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations ^6g^ Q* "
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function J; 8M. _
4.5 Fabrication Considerations b%A +k"d
9eR4?^(3!
5 Lens Design Data lFJDdf2:$C
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs xs?Ska,N
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots CmP_9M?ce
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign bSJ@
5qS
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF v_G1YC7TU
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots
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5.6 Various Evaluation Plot r8%"#<]/
9fQ[:Hl"
6 Telescope Objective sQ";
t=yC
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet ; ,9:1.L
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective , 9~=yC
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective {wJ8%
;Z7
6.4 Spherochromatism HAKB@h)
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ;+;%s D
6.6 Induced Aberrations l f 2Q
6.7 Three-Element Objectives L*(Sh2=_
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) +YD_ L
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ^]n:/kZ5"[
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design u7(<YSOs
6.11 A Final Note ^ L?2y/
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ^ jYE4gHM
7.1 Eyepieces o{[w6^D7
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs y
<] x
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces +Hd'*'c
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular {J~ VB~('
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces pE4yx5r5
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 7ILb&JQ!%{
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier u; G-46
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces i&m t-
]L6[ vJHx
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats hEhvA 6f,
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats _jWGwO
8.2 Glass Choice [6cF#_)*
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations r7FFZNs!
8.4 Other Design Considerations JavSR1_
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens /0 2-0mNv
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet .dPy<6E
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet 5}Z_A ?gy
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses Xte"tf9(C
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 1fMl8[!JLu
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9 Split Triplets Vw";< <0HZ
9f #6Q*/
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets hM nJH_siY
10.1 The Classic Tessar fx=H K t
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac bIy:~z5
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens ~0V ,B1a
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets }. t8C y9G
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar GUcGu5tw:
R>B4v+b
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats $s<bKju
11.1 Meniscus Components .azA1@V|
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon IA~wmOF
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens I* 4g ;1x
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses qr'P0+|~5
11.5 The Split Dagor rUDMQxLruV
11.6 The Dogmar =bh.V@*
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens "Jpnm E[`
4l? "zv1
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ^3lEfI<pBm
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version u.ub:
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Yq0j w&v
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet T :0#se
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet QLDld[
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element G F17oMi
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ,}23
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay z;1qYW[-A
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13 Telephoto Lenses IRK(y*6
13.1 The Basic Telephoto JXAH/N& i
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Z"5ewU<?
13.3 Telephoto Designs E -i <^&E
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch hZ~ \Z
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k|; [)gE
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses dU.H9\p
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle us >$f20T
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 2[~|6 @n
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses @ $2xiE.[
't#E-+o
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses BkJNu_{m?
<~iA{sY)O
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses Av,E|C
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens &- 2i+KjEX
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens p?Jx2(%m
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener /2fQM_ ,P
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses TW!>~|U)y
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems {N`<TH PP
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4$ $0 `
17 Microscope Objectives qV7nF
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17.1 General Considerations We:b1sZR
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front >?) Df(n(9
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives <j&LC
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17.4 Reflecting Objectives Y4,LXuQ
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs :uQ~?amM
? yek\X
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems &pEr;:E
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors S Js RHQ
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ofH e8a8
18.3 Catadioptric Systems \Ss6F]K]
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems
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18.5 Confocal Paraboloids bqSp4TI
18.6 Unobscured Systems ?) mM]2%%
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” C
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems \i M
19.1 Infrared Optics \%$z ! ]S>
19.2 IR Objective Lenses jyFXAs 2
19.3 IR Telescope 25 m!Bf
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders
vY'E+M"+@
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems cUK9EOPe
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses )Y
9JP@}T
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20 Zoom Lenses AD4O t5
20.1 Zoom Lenses _|}
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20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ]q<Zc>O C
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Kfk/pYMDq
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens fFNwmH-jv
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure LS{t7P9K
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses EH~XN9 b
21.1 Projection TV Lenses zpM %L:S
21.2 Macro Lenses 9Bw.Ih[Z
5&N55? G6
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses KL4vr|i,
22.1 Monochromatic Systems z[bS
s oK`
22.2 Scanner Lenses C, #FH}
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses i! DO
c ]!Yb-
23 Tolerance Budgeting ,+hH| $
23.1 The Tolerance Budget m[%*O#_
23.2 Additive Tolerances M73d^z
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 9e>Dqlv
UqE peLK
24 Formulary W*/0[|n*
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions wR*>9LjeG
24.2 The Cardinal Points FatLc|[
24.3 Image Equations rXG?'jN
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) Kb5 Y A
24.5 Invariants KOHYeiry~A
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) !i77v,
(#|
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships @EV*QC2l;Y
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions #I] ^Wo
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ?O.1HEr
24.10 Stop Shift Equations <C6*-j1oz
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces 5}" @$.{i
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) Vp~c$y+
Hd9vS"TN]
]> 36{k]&
Glossary mf\eg`'4?
Reference kjVJ!R\
Index
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