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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith '+
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ,w+}Evp])
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1 Introduction s` bC?wr5h
1.1 Lens Design Books >-~2:d\M3
1.2 Reference Material pO~VI$7
1.3 Specifications Rj/9\F3H
1.4 Lens Design ${/"u3a_
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 4/Vy@h"A3
1.6 About This Book w84
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2 Automatic Lens Design =h0 83|y>
2.2 The Merit Function /!r#=enG7
2.3 Local Minima 0'DlsC/`*
2.4 The Landscape Lens Qe~2'Hw#9
2.5 Types of Merit Function 'k9?n)<DW
2.6 Stagnation *L%i- Wg"
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing .45XS>=z#
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization l*+"0
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ]Tje6i F
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits Se
o3 a6o
2.11 Spectral Weighting Kp|#0 4]
2.12 How to Get Started 2Qoj>Wy{
"! yKX(aTX
3 Improving a Design >};6>)0
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 4b" %171
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) I92 c!` {
3.3 Splitting Elements ,sAN,?eG~
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet Z66b>.<8
3.5 Compounding an Element 8tc9H}>
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses I<w`+<o(
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem }T?MWcG4
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ]~,V(K
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 5-2 77?
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces ,_66U; T
} OeEv@^
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design @G
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4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation 2p( M`@
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 2$D
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4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations Dm@wTt8N(
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function * &j)"hX
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 8ycmvpJ
Nk-biD/J
5 Lens Design Data -R!qDA"
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs W|U!kqU
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots #5?Q{ORN o
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign jaf q(t
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF &gkGH<oaX
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 8gap _qTo
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot GHHErXT\a
e75 k-
6 Telescope Objective `_]Z#X&&h
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 2`#jw)dM;}
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective #vy:aq<bjE
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective &jg peFiiC
6.4 Spherochromatism $+IE`(Ckf
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration ^4Lk KYMS
6.6 Induced Aberrations 9=&e5Oq}
6.7 Three-Element Objectives w 5l:^^zF(
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) S;$@?v F
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet 4C(v BKl
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design fGiN`j} j
6.11 A Final Note O)MKEMuA
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers lrjlkgSN
7.1 Eyepieces %S8e:kc6
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs tb7Wr1$<
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces d:0RDK-}s
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular O6P0Am7s
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces MN2#
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces oK h#th
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 09"C &X~
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces pb`F_->uq
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats .~V0>r~my
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats :Ia3yi#
8.2 Glass Choice *LeFI%
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations (Q !4\Gy
8.4 Other Design Considerations 9`\hG %F
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens U">D_ 8
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet E%\i NU !
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet .+7GecYz
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses }N5>^y
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces B^Q\l!r
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness 2Z6# 3~
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9 Split Triplets Q7$ILW-S
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets FG7}MUu
10.1 The Classic Tessar ?eT^gWX
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac cb l@V 1
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens Q44Pg$jp
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 80cBLGG
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar X 'Q$v~/
@`aR *B
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats \t'(&taX<
11.1 Meniscus Components KzZ!
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11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon :(?joLA
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens %y33evX/B
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses Qvs}{h/
11.5 The Split Dagor @(PYeXdV6&
11.6 The Dogmar AwB ]0H
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens V'~] b~R
ys:1%D,,_
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Mn $TWhg'
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version u&`7 C
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens i$ )bZr\
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet d8Jy$,/`?
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet fi+u!Y*3Z
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 6
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12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar ?"PUw3V3lB
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay , "
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13 Telephoto Lenses n'0^l?V
13.1 The Basic Telephoto }6.R .*Imz
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses `?{QCBVj
13.3 Telephoto Designs aM?Xi6
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch "JAYTatO7H
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses tYiK#N 7
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle %TxF dF{A
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens rH8^Fl&jT
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses eIK8J,-
B#AAG*Ai8
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses V(1Ldl'a
G>&= rmK"
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses C_=! ( @`8
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens D4<nS<8
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens Hv(0<k6oH
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener jZS6f*$
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses $' dJ+@
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems Rtw^
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b gGd
17 Microscope Objectives %)8`(9J*
17.1 General Considerations rA&|!1q"B
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 9k L'"0c
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 2Ch!LS: +
17.4 Reflecting Objectives g e:UliHJ
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs /E$"\md
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems mZ3i#a4
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors mb~w .~%
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems R K#e7
18.3 Catadioptric Systems BbUZ,X*Y
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ` %p}.X
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids gBUtv|(@>[
18.6 Unobscured Systems ym:^Y-^iV
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” #>GUfhou)
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ~ Y@ (
19.1 Infrared Optics 5c($3Pno=
19.2 IR Objective Lenses Dg%zN i2GS
19.3 IR Telescope VS@o_fUx)
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders g
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19,5 Ultraviolet Systems A;m)/@
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses rBa <s
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20 Zoom Lenses Ox.&tW%@
20.1 Zoom Lenses 2+
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20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras }MW*xtGV
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens %5 0}oD@
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens &10vdAnBRC
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 1i4KZ"A5+
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses Q\&FuU
21.1 Projection TV Lenses dN\Byl(6
21.2 Macro Lenses Brr{iBz*"
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses 5 :6^533]
22.1 Monochromatic Systems R<{bb '
22.2 Scanner Lenses )Y}t~ Zfx
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses bPEf2Z
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23 Tolerance Budgeting csz/[*
23.1 The Tolerance Budget //]g78]=O
23.2 Additive Tolerances dX{|-;6vm
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget 8<t6_* f
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24 Formulary ) a.Y$![
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions j hrmQS
24.2 The Cardinal Points Or=
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24.3 Image Equations I8@NQ=UV0
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) x$d3 fsEE
24.5 Invariants <at/ z9b
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) v+f:VA
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships :TJv<NZi'
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions 0? (
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs <#<4A0 :
24.10 Stop Shift Equations sufidi
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces W!8g.r4u+,
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) i`)b n 1Xm
h
1G` z
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x CP3
Glossary ~[d U%I>L^
Reference >Lp^QP1gU
Index
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