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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith HGycF|]2
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition '`s\_Q)hG_
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1 Introduction Pgug!![
1.1 Lens Design Books $-^
;Jl
1.2 Reference Material 7sypU1V6
1.3 Specifications BjX*Gm6l
1.4 Lens Design D h+<|6mx
1.5 Lens Design Program Features `L~gERW#
1.6 About This Book uwI$t[
Z$*m=]2
2 Automatic Lens Design 0G;
b+
2.2 The Merit Function \7V[G6'{
2.3 Local Minima r0^ *|+
2.4 The Landscape Lens >o/+z18x
2.5 Types of Merit Function #( pY~\
2.6 Stagnation wWYo\WH'
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 1&Z#$i D
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization G^1 5V'*
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems d\O*Ol*/v
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits P k ?M~{S
2.11 Spectral Weighting yC&u^{~BC
2.12 How to Get Started "udA-;!@&
Dpb prT7_
3 Improving a Design r;n^\[Ov0,
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 3g79/ w
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) ,vDSY N6
3.3 Splitting Elements S7B\m v
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet Mq~ g+`
'
3.5 Compounding an Element `8 Ann~Z|k
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses L l$,"}0T
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem D4OJin^}
3.8 Balancing Aberrations e6`g[Ap
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle MSqW {
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces
E !EENg
d DrzO*a\
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 61SbBJ6[
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation Hb&C; lk
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance Zdfruzl&`
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations
A)9F_;BY
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ]mR!-Fqj
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 2F&VG|"
FZBdQhYF
5 Lens Design Data gmUX
2x(
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs cj;k{ Moc
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots mu fXM (
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 0/5{v6_rG
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF b3.}m[]
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots d-{1>\-_
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot GMKY1{
U[O7}Nsb"
6 Telescope Objective IY,n7x0d
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet _{2/ QP}
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective &gdhq~4#
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 4+B&/}FDLo
6.4 Spherochromatism 4^GIQEjx
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration RI2 /h rW
6.6 Induced Aberrations O77^.B
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 1|WrJ-Uf
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) !g[UFw
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet e_+SBN1`P&
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design jZgCDA8Mr!
6.11 A Final Note R ~? 9 +
%CV.xDE8
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers XK{K FB-
7.1 Eyepieces @bIZ0tr4
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs *&BS[0;
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces D Q. ; 2W
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular }X9G(`N(}
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces sTmdoqTK!
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces |w M<n
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier r7+Ytr
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces #BW:*$>}
CHckmCgf4
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 9Pql\]9"o
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats T9?8@p\}(
8.2 Glass Choice m \f}?t
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations FT6~\9m(
8.4 Other Design Considerations 2O(= 2X
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens @MxB
d,P
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 7v
V~O@JP
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet (R]b'3,E$
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 5ajd$t
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces =J E 5/
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness +[":W?j
* ?~&O.R"
9 Split Triplets v[]&yD
H`OJN .
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets [j 'lB
10.1 The Classic Tessar oAF#bj_f
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac i#%!J:_=
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens LAH.PcjPa
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets @ r/f
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ;Dp<|n
jm0v=m7
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats {ewo-dva
11.1 Meniscus Components (/jZ & 4T
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 9 +!"[
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Q\ pI\]p:
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses B *otqu z
11.5 The Split Dagor j/, I)Za
11.6 The Dogmar Rg7~?b-
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens Yu: !l>
y Dw#V`Y^M
12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 2h#_n'DV
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version ys9'1+9
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens Vi>`g{\
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet f,VJfY?#
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 7gQ 2dp
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ;v m$F251
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar I` q "
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay j7qGZ "8ak
.9!?vz]1
13 Telephoto Lenses h 6juX'V
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ) KKmV6>b
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses /{!?e<N>
13.3 Telephoto Designs fBnlB_}e
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch =j~Xrytn
Jj7he(!_1
~#| Pe1Y
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses _$m1?DZ
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle +&.wc;mi
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens u .,l_D_
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses c}mWAZ=wF
c;7`]}fGu
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 94xWMX2
jbTsr j"g
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ^ ^k]2oG
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens &5Huv?^a'
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens .iZo/_
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 6.k>J{GG
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses ;fZ9:WB
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems V]P %@<C
CYZ0F5+t
17 Microscope Objectives ,_I#+XiXY
17.1 General Considerations E\vW>g*W
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front ~c${?uf
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives %Mr^~7nN
17.4 Reflecting Objectives m [D]4h9
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs hi^t zpy
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems CQ:38l\`gd
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors b>f{o_
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems x?RYt4 S
18.3 Catadioptric Systems oE&#Tl?Vt
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems +K7oyZg
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids 0 ![
18.6 Unobscured Systems ~ JG\b? s
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 5'S~PQka*
,g:\8*Y>'
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems R 3@luT]
19.1 Infrared Optics MT{ovDA].
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ~'#,*kA:6
19.3 IR Telescope HB,
k}Q
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders /Bp5^(s
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems G }U' ?p
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses E {x cu9
OtZc;c
20 Zoom Lenses l 1eF&wNC
20.1 Zoom Lenses U flS`
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras UzT"Rb:e
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens W \XLf,_+
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 2dnyIgi
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure cCO2w2A [*
dQJ)0!B
21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses `w EAU7m:
21.1 Projection TV Lenses k@>y<A{;D
21.2 Macro Lenses BMYvxSsm
VQ^}f/A
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses XxLauJP
K
22.1 Monochromatic Systems u_jhmKr~
22.2 Scanner Lenses 4}Dfi5 :
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses R_2T"
nWFU8u%
23 Tolerance Budgeting 9z k RwrQ
23.1 The Tolerance Budget Sd+bnq%
23.2 Additive Tolerances XB ; C~:
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ?<STl-]&
|H
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24 Formulary }fh<L CwTi
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions P d04
24.2 The Cardinal Points 0F9p'_C
24.3 Image Equations U5yBU9\G
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) W[t0hbV w
24.5 Invariants SSysOeD+
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) $d5}OI "g
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships nd,2EX<bE
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions D+"+m%^>C
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs OQiyAyX
24.10 Stop Shift Equations ): 7mK03J
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces :N64FR#
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 85qD~o?O
Y+ !z]S/x
v@Qfx V2
Glossary {'z(
Reference q!AcM d\
Index
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