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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith `BA we f
JD1IL` ta;
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition /7Z5_q_
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1 Introduction *`D(drnT{
1.1 Lens Design Books Sb@:ercC,
1.2 Reference Material 3(D!]ku~m
1.3 Specifications *h59Vaoc
1.4 Lens Design m]t`;lr<
1.5 Lens Design Program Features V B x,q3.
1.6 About This Book nk8jXZ"w
(6##\}L& 9
2 Automatic Lens Design >jI( ^ 8?
2.2 The Merit Function nff
X
2.3 Local Minima w@ 1g_dy
2.4 The Landscape Lens .~J}80a/
2.5 Types of Merit Function J' 99
2.6 Stagnation b [}f]pB@n
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing 'F3cvpc`
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization l) @Zuh
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems M=vR y|TL
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits %6-5hBzZN
2.11 Spectral Weighting
ySC;;k'
2.12 How to Get Started cWG>w6FI
1;O%8sp&
3 Improving a Design pv/LTv
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques 6|# +
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) *=+m;%]_
3.3 Splitting Elements O3H~|R+^
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet cL/ 6p0S
3.5 Compounding an Element j+B+>r ^
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses 'FVh/};Y.D
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem vAeh #V~#
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ARcPHV<(2
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 0MV^-M
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces tCkKJ)m
KC@F"/h`/
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design RL0#WBR
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation [(%6]L}
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance ;'^5$q
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations h>s|MZQ:*
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function y^M ~zOe
4.5 Fabrication Considerations )9(Mt _
gY)NPi}!`
5 Lens Design Data `R}q&|o7<
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs cP >MsUZWl
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots !8cS1 (a
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 0RaE!4)!;
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF YA7h! %52)
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots <
5%:/j
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot `RRC8 ]l
Ww8C}2g 3
6 Telescope Objective H;#3 S<
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet T]&%
KQ
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective UIhU[f]
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective UODbT &&
6.4 Spherochromatism ]_8bX}_n
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration W u4` 3
6.6 Induced Aberrations 7=$@bHEF#*
6.7 Three-Element Objectives )qg cz<p?W
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) v()
wng n
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ;S+UD~i[Bu
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design oC l
$ 0x
6.11 A Final Note PS" ,
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers m)5,ut /
7.1 Eyepieces 3 ID 1>
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 9VEx0mkdd
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces ?Ek 3<7d
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular m|:O:<
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces +pGkeZX
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 0E6>P E;
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier /7s^OkQ
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 9 n(.v}
oxs0)B
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats =/ b2e\
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats gpIq4Q<
8.2 Glass Choice 2j9+ f{ l
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations rA=iBb3`
8.4 Other Design Considerations 1
P0)La #
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens #@ quuiYq
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet NCid`a$
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet y4j J&
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses EFd9n
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces O]| T !
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness nIckI!U#D
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9 Split Triplets Wu{cE;t
oqXs2F
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets V2v} F=
10.1 The Classic Tessar ,V>7eQt?
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac j9voeV|7
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens IP#?$X
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets u{Rgk:bn
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar )0 tq&
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats cBGR%w\t%
11.1 Meniscus Components x%$as;
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon V\2&?#GZ
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens lk(q>dv K
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses '1f:8
11.5 The Split Dagor ah8xiABa
11.6 The Dogmar 5GHW~q!Zo\
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 2B !Bogs
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens DO5H(a
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version Jh6 z5xUV
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens q_G O;-b{
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet U~nW>WJ+.
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet Y!0ZwwW
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element aR@s.
ll
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar :jP4GCxU|
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay `;\<Fr
| Gq Ka
13 Telephoto Lenses Zf [ #~ 4
13.1 The Basic Telephoto FKVf_Ncf%
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses nN|1cJ'.Fk
13.3 Telephoto Designs U g=)_~
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 5m(V(@a3
V+y yy- /
t(sQw '>
14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ta)'z@V @g
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle +|OrV'
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens "^3pP(8;~
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses ex}6(;7)O
x[w!buV0\
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses /#]4lFk:h
_ +? v'#
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses
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16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens m-h+UKt
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens pZA0Go2!IN
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener k #Bq8d
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses dEuts*@ Q
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems gWZzOH*
'G J'Vli
17 Microscope Objectives WdvXVF
17.1 General Considerations /GQN34RD
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front N)t qjq
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives t R(Nko
17.4 Reflecting Objectives Tz"Xm/Gy
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 6 $k"B/k
K:3u/C`
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ?-HLP%C('
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors o8A1cb4<T
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems F4|Z:e,Hr
18.3 Catadioptric Systems Z<2j# rd
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ~s[St0
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids P
nxx W?
18.6 Unobscured Systems w.2[Xx~
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” z|5Sy.H>
VYj*LiR
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems AzmIS m
19.1 Infrared Optics bx 5f\)
19.2 IR Objective Lenses !B#Lea
19.3 IR Telescope PI5a 'k0F
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders ,8vq zI
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems a1 I"Sh
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses l1utk8'-
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20 Zoom Lenses -S7y1 ) 7
20.1 Zoom Lenses 7P!Hry y
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras T,sArKBI
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens " 0&+ `7
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens EC]b]'._
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure r/32pY
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses O$2'$44HX
21.1 Projection TV Lenses *&m{)cTs
21.2 Macro Lenses <![]=~z $
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses !='?+Ysxs
22.1 Monochromatic Systems ^F*G
22.2 Scanner Lenses yd -r7iq
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses POl[]ni=>
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23 Tolerance Budgeting {5$.:Y
23.1 The Tolerance Budget \ G!TC{6
23.2 Additive Tolerances ep<O?7@j-G
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget C_&-2Z
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24 Formulary g^V4+3v|a'
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions
Y\Z.E ;
24.2 The Cardinal Points d^0v aX6e}
24.3 Image Equations h=fzX .dt
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) }bW"Z2^nB
24.5 Invariants nkv+O$LXP
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 8 : x{
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships &L88e\
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24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions )&Bf%1>
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs LQ7.RK
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 8BL ]]gT-I
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces WSt&?+Y
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) 3X0"</G6
XIg GE)n
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Glossary O?6ph4'
Reference q;W(;B
Index
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